Kvitouli Church of Kiachi
| Kvitouli Church of Kiachi ქიაჩის ეკლესია(in Georgian) Қьач ауахәама(in Abkhaz) | |
|---|---|
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Georgian Orthodox |
| Province | Abkhazia[1] |
| Ecclesiastical or organizational status | ruins |
| Location | |
| Location |  KvitouliOchamchira District,Abkhazia,Georgia |
  Shown within Abkhazia  Kvitouli Church of Kiachi (Georgia) | |
| Geographic coordinates | 42°49′59″N41°22′30″E/ 42.83306°N 41.37500°E |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Church |
| Completed | 11th century |
TheKvitouli Church of Kiachi(Georgian:ქიაჩის ეკლესია,Abkhaz:Қьач ауахәама) is a ruined medieval church in the Kvitouli,Ochamchira District,Abkhazia,an entity in theSouth Caucasuswith a disputed political status. The ruins lie on the Kiachi hill, near the modern-day village of Jgerda, 8 km south of theKodori river,in theTsebelda valley.The name Kvitouli refers to a historical community to which the church belonged and of which the modern-day village of Kutol/Kutoli is part.[2]
Layout
[edit]The ruined church is athree-navebasilica,built of porous stone, 17.5 m in length and 16.5 m in width. Better preserved are the altar portion and southern wall of the central nave. The church has a rectangular plan,aislesbeing asymmetrical. The northern nave is divided into three parts. The only entrance is on the west. No openings in the side walls have survived. Thevaultof the central nave rests on three pairs ofpilastersin the longitudinal walls. Based on the shape of these elements, the church can tentatively be dated to the 11th century.[3]
History
[edit]The first recorded mention of the Kiachi church is found in a Georgian inscription of aripidion(liturgical fan) which is dated by the art historianGiorgi Chubinashvili,based on its style and iconography, to the 10th century. If the dating is correct, the king George mentioned in the inscription could have beenGeorge II of Abkhazia(r. 923–957). The Kiachi church is next heard of — as "Chiaggi" — in the writings of Arcangelo Lamberti who led a Catholic proselyting mission in western Georgian principalities from 1633 to 1649.[4][5]
In 1640,Levan II Dadiani,prince-regnant ofMingrelia—who held sway of parts of Abkhazia at that time—donated to the Kiachi church an icon of the Archangel, adorned with precious stones and a Georgian inscription, which makes note of the occasion. An abbot at Kiachi was instructed to bring the icon to the nearby princely palace at Kvitauri twice a year. As the Dadiani control of Abkhazia eroded and Christian culture went in decline later in that century, the precious objects of Kiachi were evacuated to relative security in Mingrelia, the icon of the Archangel in Choga and the ripidion (which was also venerated as an icon) in Obuji. By 1681, a new church had been built in Obuji to house the ripidion and also became known as Kiachi. Nowadays, both the Kiachi icon of the Archangel and the ripidion are on display at theDadiani Palace MuseuminZugdidi,formerly the main town of the Principality of Mingrelia.[4][5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^The political status of Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence fromGeorgiain 1992, Abkhaziais formally recognised as an independent stateby 5 UN member states (two other states previously recognised it but then withdrew their recognition), while the remainder of the international community recognizes it as asde jureGeorgian territory. Georgia continues to claim the area as its own territory, designating it asRussian-occupied territory.
- ^Kiachi church in Kvitouli villageHistorical monuments of Abkhazia — Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.
- ^Khrushkova, Liudmila G. (2018).Восточное Причерноморье в византийскую эпоху. История. Архитектура. Археология[The East Coast of the Black Sea in the Byzantine era. History. Architecture. Archaeology] (in Russian). Kalininigrad – Moscow: ROS-DOAFK. pp. 190–191.ISBN978-5-6040479-8-9.
- ^abArakhamia, Goneli (2009).საქართველოს ისტორიისა და წყაროთმცოდნეობის საკითხები[Problems of History and Source Studies of Georgia] (in Georgian). Tbilisi: Georgian Academy of Sciences. pp. 87–97.ISBN978-9941-0-1140-5.
- ^abGamakharia, Jemal; Akhaladze, Lia; Baramidze, Malkhaz (2011).Assays from the History of Georgia-Abkhazia.Tbilisi. pp. 125–126, 133–134, 201.ISBN9789941039287.
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