Latobici

TheLatobiciorLatovici(Gaulish:Latobicoi) were aCeltictribe dwelling inPannonia Superior,around present-dayDrnovo(Slovenia), during theRoman period.

Name

They are mentioned asLatovicibyPliny(1st c. AD),^[1]as Λατόβικοι (Latóbikoi) byPtolemy(2nd c. AD),^[2]and asLatobicion an inscription from Neviodunum (modernDrnovo) dated to 117–130 AD.^[3]^[4]

TheethnonymLatobiciis a Latinized form of theGaulishLatobicoi,which derives from the stem *lāto-, meaning 'furor, ardour' (cf.Old Irishláth,Welshlawd),^[5]^[6]probably after the name of the Celtic godLatobios(*Lātu-biyos'Furious Striker').^[7]Pierre-Yves Lamberthas proposed to translateLatobicias 'the lineage of Latobios'.^[8]

A homonym tribe, theLatobrigi(or Latobici), dwelled further northwest near theHelvetii.Whether they were actually related or even identical remains debated.^[9]

Geography

The Latobici dwelled near theKrkariver, around modernDrnovo,Trebnje,andGroblje pri Prekopi.Their territory was located north of theColapiani,west of theVarciani,south of theTaurisci,east of theRundictes.^[10]Inscriptions and shrines dedicated to the god Mars Latobius found in the catchment area of theLavantriver and the ridge of theKoralpemountains may suggest that the Latobici originally lived aroundVirunumandFlavia Solvaas late as the 1st century BC, from which they either extended their territory southward or emigrated to the region of Drnovo in Roman times.^[9]

During the reign ofAugustus(27 BC–14 AD), a city-like settlement known asmunicipium Latobicorum(tribus Quirina) arose as a centre of the tribal area at the site of present-dayDrnovo.It was calledNeviodunum(Gaulish:'new fortress') from the time ofVespasian(69–79 AD).^[11]Other settlements are known at Praetorium Latobicorum (modernTrebnje) and at Crucium (Groblje pri Prekopi).^[10]

References

^Pliny.Naturalis Historia,3:148.
^Ptolemy.Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis,2:14:2.
^CIL03:10804.
^Falileyev 2010,s.v.Latobici.
^Delamarre 2003,p. 198.
^Matasović 2009,p. 233.
^de Bernardo Stempel 2015,pp. 94–95.
^Lambert 1994,p. 34.
^^a ^bVetters 1977,pp. 305–307.
^^a ^bTalbert 2000,Map 20: Pannonia-Dalmatia.
^Burian 2006.

Bibliography

Burian, Jan (2006). "Latobici".Brill's New Pauly.doi:10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e632480.
de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia(2015). "Zu den keltisch benannten Stämmen im Umfeld des oberen Donauraums". In Lohner-Urban, Ute; Scherrer, Peter (eds.).Der obere Donauraum 50 v. bis 50 n. Chr.Frank & Timme.ISBN 978-3-7329-0143-2.
Delamarre, Xavier(2003).Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental.Errance.ISBN 9782877723695.
Falileyev, Alexander (2010).Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World.CMCS.ISBN 978-0955718236.
Lambert, Pierre-Yves(1994).La langue gauloise: description linguistique, commentaire d'inscriptions choisies.Errance.ISBN 978-2-87772-089-2.
Matasović, Ranko(2009).Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic.Brill.ISBN 9789004173361.
Talbert, Richard J. A.(2000).Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World.Princeton University Press.ISBN 978-0691031699.
Vetters, Hermann (1977). "Virunum". InTemporini, Hildegard(ed.).Politische Geschichte (Provinzen und Randvölker: Lateinischer Donau-Balkanraum).De Gruyter.ISBN 978-3-11-085288-2.

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[1] Pliny.Naturalis Historia,3:148.

[2] Ptolemy.Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis,2:14:2.

[3] CIL03:10804.

[:0-4] Falileyev 2010,s.v.Latobici.

[FOOTNOTEDelamarre2003198-5] Delamarre 2003,p. 198.

[FOOTNOTEMatasović2009233-6] Matasović 2009,p. 233.

[FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel201594–95-7] Bernardo Stempel 2015,pp. 94–95.

[FOOTNOTELambert199434-8] Lambert 1994,p. 34.

[FOOTNOTEVetters1977305–307-9] Vetters 1977,pp. 305–307.

[:1-10] Talbert 2000,Map 20: Pannonia-Dalmatia.

[FOOTNOTEBurian2006-11] Burian 2006.

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