Lavochkin
 | |
| Formerly | OKB-301 |
|---|---|
| Company type | State-owned company |
| Industry | Space industry Aerospace industry Defense industry |
| Founded | 1937 |
| Headquarters | Khimki,Moscow region, Russia |
Key people |
|
| Products | Spacecraft,space probes,satellites, aircraft, missiles, ballistic missiles |
| Revenue | $275 million[1](2017) |
| $8.54 million[1](2017) | |
| $8.16 million[1](2017) | |
| Total assets | $862 million[1](2017) |
| Total equity | $154 million[1](2017) |
Number of employees | 5000 |
| Parent | Roscosmos[2] |
| Website | www |
NPO Lavochkin(Russian:НПО Лавочкина,OKB-301,[3][circular reference]also calledLavochkin Research and Production Associationor shortlyLavochkin Association,LA) is a Russian aerospace company. It is a major player in the Russian space program, being the developer and manufacturer of theFregatupper stage, as well as interplanetary probes such asFobos-Grunt.As of 2015, it was headed by Sergei Lemeshevskii.[4]On 10 August 2017 the Lavochkin Association's Board of Directors appointed Vladimir Kolmykov Director General of the enterprise.
Overview
[edit]The company develops and manufactures spacecraft such as theFregatrocket upper stages, satellites and interplanetary probes. It is a contractor for a number of military programs, such as theOkoearly warning satellite,PrognozandAraksprogrammes as well as the civilian programKupon.One of the company's most notable projects was the participation in the failedFobos-Gruntsample return mission.[5]NPO Lavochkin has also developed theElektro–Lseries of new-generation weather satellites, as well as the Navigator standardised satellite platform, which will serve as the basis for several future Russian satellites.[6]
History
[edit]The company was founded in 1937 asOKB-301,aSovietaircraftdesign bureau(OKB). The head designer wasVladimir P. Gorbunov,supported byMikhail GudkovandSemyon Lavochkin.On October, 1945 Lavochkin was promoted for the head designer of the design bureau. The bureau gained distinction for its family of piston-engined fighter aircraft during World War II, and later shifted to missile and jet fighter designs. Following the death of the head designer, the OKB-301 succumbed to the growing power ofVladimir Chelomeyand becameOKB-52Branch No. 3 on 18 December 1962.[7]: 300 Later, it turned to work on interplanetary probe designs for Luna sample return program, theLunokhod program,Vega program,Phobos program,etc. The former OKB-301 became namedNPO Lavochkin.
In January 2012, officials of Lavochkin faced administrative punishment for not taking[clarification needed]into account of designing the computer system after the crash of Russia's Mars moon spacecraftFobos-Grunt.[8]
Projects
[edit]Aircraft
[edit]Rockets and missiles
[edit]- S-25 Berkut (SA-1 "Guild" )- surface-to-air missile
- S-75 Dvina (SA-2 "Guideline" )- surface-to-air missile
- La-205is V-300, aSAMforS-25air defense system
- La-350 Burya- intercontinental cruise missile
- La-400 DAL- surface to air missile[9][10]
- Fregat- upper stage
Spacecraft
[edit]- Astron
- Elektro-L- satellite
- Fobos-Grunt- space probe
- Granat- satellite
- Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment- space probe
- Luna programme
- Lunokhod programme
- Mars program
- Mars-96
- Oko- missile early warning satellite.
- Spektr-R- spaceradio telescopesatellite, dedicated tovery Long Baseline Interferometry
- Spektr-RG- space observatory satellite
- US-K- satellite
- US-KMO- satellite
- US-KS- satellite
- Venera program
- Vega program
Future projects
[edit]- Luna-Glob
- Mars-Grunt- space probe
Designers and engineers
[edit]- Georgy Babakin
- Semyon Lavochkin
- Yuri Koptev,later director of Roscosmos, worked at Lavochkin from 1965
Awards
[edit]- 1944 —Order of Lenin:for the creation of new types of fighter aircraft during theGreat Patriotic War(the OKB-21 team led byS. A. Lavochkinin Gorky).
- 1956 —Order of the Red Banner of Labour:for the successful completion of the government's task to create special equipment.
- 1971 —Order of the Red Banner of Labour:for the successful implementation of the five-year plan and the organization of production of new equipment.
Museum
[edit]The S. A. Lavochkin NGO has its own museum. It was founded on June 25, 1965. Museum address: 24 Leningradskaya str., Khimki, Moscow region, 141400. The visit is only subject to prior requests.[11]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abcde"Бухгалтерская отчётность".Retrieved1 November2018.
- ^"О мерах по созданию Государственной корпорации по космической деятельности" Роскосмос "".Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации.Retrieved15 April2017.
- ^"OKB".
- ^"Acting Director General of NPO Lavochkin appointed Sergei Lemeshev".News in Russian. 2015-08-07.Retrieved2016-01-12.[permanent dead link]
- ^Harvey, Brian (2007). "The design bureaus".The Rebirth of the Russian Space Program(1st ed.). Germany: Springer.ISBN978-0-387-71354-0.
- ^"Russia meteo satellite Electro-L successfully orbited".ITAR-TASS. 2011-01-21. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-01-22.
- ^Siddiqi, Asif A.Challenge To Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974, part I.NASA.
- ^"Phobos-Grunt chips supposedly were counterfeit".ITAR-TASS.31 January 2012.Retrieved7 May2012.
- ^"Defending the Kremlin: The First Generation of Soviet Strategic Air Defense Systems 1950-60 by Steven J. Zaloga".
- ^Lardier, Christian; Barensky, Stefan (2018-03-27).The Proton Launcher: History and Developments.John Wiley & Sons.ISBN9781786301765.
- ^"Музей".www.laspace.ru.Retrieved2024-06-14.
Further reading
[edit]
- William H Mott, Robert B Sheldon, L Philip Sheldon (2000).Laser Satellite Communication: The Third Generation.Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 132.ISBN1-56720-329-9
- GlobalSecurity.org -http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/russia/npolav.htm
