Lawrence Fernandes
Lawrence Fernandes(1932-14 November 2005) was a socialist political leader from India. He was brother ofGeorge Fernandes.[1]
Lawrence Fernandes was born on 1932 to John Joseph Fernandes and Alice Martha Fernandes (néePinto), in Mangalore to aMangalorean Catholicfamily.[2]He was the second of six children, his siblings are George, Michael, Paul, Aloysius, and Richard.[1]
Duringthe Emergency,he was arrested on 1 May 1976[3]by the Government and brutally tortured[4]and held in illegal custody[5]before being transferred to theBangalore Central Jail,to extract from him whereabouts of his elder brother George Fernandes.Madhu Dandavate,who was arrested and was in the same jail wrote a letter toIndira Gandhithat he is being inhumanely tortured and may even die.[6]EvenLal Krishna Advaniin his book mentions about torture Lawrence had to go through in jail during the Emergency.[7]He was continuously beaten up leading to several fractures all over his body.[5]At the time of his release at end of the Emergency he looked like a live skeleton.[5]He was reduced to a mental and physical wreck in jail[8]and after his release at the end of Emergency he lived many years as a wreck.[3][5]
Lawrence later said
I did not break down despite third degree methods used by police. I was prepared to rather die than betray George and others.[9]
He served as former Mayor ofBangalorein 1980 and as a corporator of the Richmond Town ward before 1980.[1]In 1987-88 he unsuccessfully contested as aJanata Dalcandidate for the Bangalore North Lok Sabha Constituency.[1]
He died at Bangalore on 14 November 2005.[1]
Lawrence Fernandes Foundation for the welfare and benefit of the poor and need was launched in his memory by his brothers George Fernandes,Michael,Aloysius and others.[10]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^abcde"Lawrence Fernandes dead".The Hindu.15 November 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 22 April 2008.Retrieved29 July2014.
- ^Lasrado, Richie."A Knight in Shining Armour (A profile of union defence minister George Fernandes)".Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore.Archived fromthe originalon 3 March 2012.Retrieved1 January2010.
- ^abMy Country and My Rulers by V B Kulkarni.Jaico Press. 1977. p. 282.
- ^Gupte, Pranay (2011).Mother India: A Political Biography of Indira Gandhi By Pranay Gupte.ISBN9788184755480.Retrieved17 August2014.
- ^abcdKrishna, Ananth V. (2011).India Since Independence: Making Sense Of Indian Politics By Ananth V. Krishna.p. 162.ISBN9788131734650.
- ^Dandavate, Madhu (2005).Dialogue with Life.p. 78.ISBN9788177648560.Retrieved17 August2014.
- ^Advani, L. K. (2008).My Country My Life By L. K. Advani.ISBN9788129113634.
- ^Human Rights in India: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on International Organizations of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, Ninety-fourth Congress, Second Session by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Organizations - U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976 pp:120
- ^Jai, Janak Raj (1996).Commissions and Omissions in the Administration of Justice By Janak Raj Jai.p. 31.ISBN9788187498872.
- ^"Archived copy".Archived fromthe originalon 19 August 2014.Retrieved18 August2014.
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