Leo Joseph Suenens

His Eminence Leo Jozef Suenens
Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Mechelen-Brussels Primate Emeritus of Belgium
Church	Catholic Church
Archdiocese	Mechelen-Brussels
See	Mechelen-Brussels
Appointed	24 November 1961
Term ended	4 October 1979
Predecessor	Jozef-Ernest van Roey
Successor	Godfried Danneels
Other post(s)	Cardinal-Priest of San Pietro in Vincoli(1962-96)
Orders
Ordination	4 September 1927 byJozef-Ernest van Roey
Consecration	16 December 1945 by Jozef-Ernest van Roey
Created cardinal	19 March 1962 byPope John XXIII
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	Leo Jozef Suenens (1904-07-16)16 July 1904 Ixelles,Kingdom of Belgium
Died	6 May 1996(1996-05-06)(aged 91) Brussels,Kingdom of Belgium
Parents	Jean-Baptiste Suenens Jeanne Janssens
Previous post(s)	Titular Bishop of Isinda(1945-61) Auxiliary Bishop of Mechelen(1945-61) President of the Belgian Episcopal Conference(1961-79) Military Vicar of Belgium(1962-79)
Alma mater	Pontifical Gregorian University
Motto	In Spiritu Sancto
Coat of arms

Leo Jozef Suenens(/ˈsuːnɛns/SOO-nens) (16 July 1904 – 6 May 1996) was aBelgianprelateof the Catholic Church. He served asArchbishop of Mechelen-Brusselsfrom 1961 to 1979, and was elevated to thecardinalatein 1962.

Suenens was a leading voice at theSecond Vatican Counciladvocating for reform in the Church.

Biography

Early life and education

Leo Suenens was born atIxelles,the only child of Jean-Baptiste and Jeanne (née Janssens) Suenens. He wasbaptisedby his uncle, who was apriest.Losing his father (who had owned a restaurant)at age four, Leo lived with his mother in therectoryof his priest-uncle from 1911 to 1912. Wealthy relatives wanted him to study economics and manage their fortune, but he chose the priesthood. He studied at Saint Mary's Institute inSchaerbeekand then entered thePontifical Gregorian Universityin Rome in 1920. From the Gregorian he obtained a doctorate intheologyand in philosophy (1927), and a master's degree incanon law(1929). Suenens had taken as his mentor CardinalDésiré-Joseph Mercier,who had also sent him to Rome.

Priesthood

Ordainedto the priesthood on 4 September 1927 by CardinalJozef-Ernest van Roey,Suenens initially served as a professor at Saint Mary's Institute and then taughtmoral philosophyandpedagogyat theMinor Seminaryof Mechelen from 1930 to 1940. He worked as a chaplain to the 9thartilleryregiment of theBelgian ArmyinSouthern Francefor three months, and in August 1940 he became vice-rectorof the famedCatholic University of Louvain.When the Louvain's rector was arrested byNazi forcesin 1943, Suenens took over asactingrector, where he sometimes circumvented and sometimes openly defied the directives of the Nazi occupiers.He was deeply influenced by theLegion of Maryand for many years worked closely withVeronica O'Brien.

Episcopal career

Ordination history of Leo-Joseph Suenens
History Priestly ordination Date 4 September 1927 Episcopal consecration Consecrated by Cardinal van Roey Date 16 December 1945 Cardinalate Elevated by Pope John XXIII Date 19 March 1962
Episcopal succession Bishops consecrated by Leo-Joseph Suenens as principal consecrator André Creemers 1955 Jules Victor Daem 1962 Léonce-Albert Van Peteghem 1964 Cardinal Cardijn 1965 Gabriel Ukec 1965 Jean Jadot 1968 Henri Lemaître 1969 Jean Huard 1977 Cardinal Danneels 1977

Styles of Leo Jozef Suenens
Reference style	His Eminence
Spoken style	Your Eminence
Informal style	Cardinal
See	Mechelen-Brussels

On 12 November 1945, he was appointed byPope Pius XIIasAuxiliary BishopofMechelenandTitular BishopofIsinda.Suenens received hisepiscopal consecrationon the following 16 December from Cardinal van Roey, with Bishops Étienne Joseph Carton de Wiart and Jan van Cauwenbergh serving asco-consecrators.He was namedArchbishop of Mechelenon 24 November 1961; theprimatialBelgianseewas renamed Mechelen-Brussels on 8 December of the same year. Suenens was createdCardinal PriestofS. Pietro in VincolibyPope John XXIIIin theconsistoryof 19 March 1962.

Suenens was one of thecardinal electorswho participated in the1963 papal conclavewhich selectedPope Paul VI.

He alsovotedin theconclavesofAugustandOctober 1978,and finally resigned from his post in Mechelen-Brussels on 4 October 1979 after seventeen years of service.

Second Vatican Council

When Pope John XXIII called theworld's bishopsto Rome for theSecond Vatican Council(1962–1965), he found in Suenens a man who shared his views on the need forrenewalin the Church. When the first session fell into organizational chaos under the weight of its documents, it was Suenens who, at the invitation of the Pope, rescued it from deadlock and essentially set the agenda for the entire Council.

Paul VImade him one of the four moderators of the council, along with CardinalsGregorio Pietro Agagianian,Julius Döpfner,andGiacomo Lercaro.Suenens was also believed to be a decisive force behind the Conciliar documentsLumen gentiumandGaudium et spes.

Death

Suenens died fromthrombosisin Brussels at age 91,and was buried atSt. Rumbold's Cathedral. At the time of his death he was one of the four living Cardinals elevated by Pope John XXIII.

After his death, Belgian police drilled into his tomb and that of Cardinal Jozef-Ernest Van Roey, searching for documents connected to thesex abuse scandal,which had supposedly been buried with the cardinals.

Views

Dialogue with the modern world

Dialogue with other Christian denominationsas well as withother religions,the proper role of thelaity,modernization ofreligious life forwomen,collegiality,religious liberty,collaboration and corresponsibility in the Church were among the causes he advocated at the council.

Pope John Paul IIhimself later attested that "Cardinal Suenens had played a decisive part in the Council".

He was described by his successor,Godfried Danneels,as “an excellent weather-forecaster who know from which direction the wind was blowing in the Church, and an experienced strategist who realized that he could not change the wind’s direction but he could set the sails to suit it."

Relations with the Curia

In May 1969, an interview he gave to theFrench CatholicmagazineInformations Catholiques Internationalesin which he offered a critique of theRoman Curia.Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserantsubsequently demanded a retraction, but Suenens refused and declared that Tisserant's reaction as unacceptable and unfounded.In 1979, Suenens remarked about it, "There are times when loyalty demands more than keeping in step with an old piece of music. As far as I am concerned loyalty is a different kind of love. And this demands that we accept responsibility for the whole and serve the Church with as much courage and candor as possible."

Ecumenism

Committed to ecumenism, he andArchbishop Michael Ramseyof Canterburywere close friends.

Marriage

During the council's debates on marriage, Suenens accused the Church of holdingprocreationabove conjugal love;Pope Paul was greatly distressed by this and the Cardinal later denied "that he had questioned the authentic Church teaching on marriage".

Humanae Vitae

According toTime Magazine,Suenens counseled the Pope against the releasing of his Encyclical LetterHumanae Vitae.

Orthodoxy and heterodoxy

Suenens once remarked, "If you don't believe in theHoly SpiritorResurrectionorlife after death,you should leave the Church. "

Charismatic Renewal

He endorsed theCatholic Charismatic Renewal;his episcopalmottowasIn Spiritu Sancto( "In the Holy Spirit" ).

Trivia

• During his studies at Rome, Suenens resided at theBelgian Pontifical Collegeand also served as college librarian.
• The Cardinal also served as National President of theLegion of MaryandPax Christi,national liaison forCatholic Actionin Belgium,and later President of theBelgian Episcopal Conference.
• In 1976, he received theTempleton Prize for Progress in ReligionfromPrince Philipat Buckingham Palace.
• During the August 1978 conclave, Suenens thankedPope John Paul Ifor accepting his election.

Published works

His written works that have appeared in English include:

• Theology of the Apostolate,Mercier Press, Cork, 1953.
• Edel Quinn,Fallon Ltd, Dublin, 1953.
• The Right View of Moral Re-armament,Burns and Oates, London, 1953.
• The Gospel to Every Creature,Burns and Oates, London, 1956.
• Mary Mother of God,Burns and Oates, London, 1957.
• Love and Control,Burns and Oates, London, 1961.
• The Nun in the World,Burns and Oates, London, 1962.
• Christian Life Day by Day,Burns and Oates, London, 1963.
• The Church in Dialogue,Fides Publishers, Notre Dame, Indiana, 1965.
• Co-Responsibility in the Church,Burns and Oates, London, 1968.
• The Future of the Christian Church,withMichael Ramsey,SCM Press, London, 1970.
• A New Pentecost?,Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1975.
• Your God?,Seabury Press, New York, 1978.
• The Charismatic Renewal,The Word of Life, Notre Dame, Indiana, 1974.
• Ecumenism and Charismatic Renewal,Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1978.
• Charismatic Renewal and Social Action,withHélder Câmara,Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1980.
• Renewal and Powers of Darkness,Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1983.
• Nature and Grace: A Vital Unity,Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1983.
• Resting in the Spirit,Veritas, Dublin, 1989.
• Memories and Hopes,Veritas, Dublin, 1992.
• The Hidden Hand of God,Veritas, Dublin 1994.
• The Christian at the Dawn of a New Era,Fiat Publications, Mechelen, 1997.

See also

• Archbishopric of Mechelen-Brussels

External links

• Suenens Centre
• Suenens' Speech to the Legion of Mary in Liverpool
• Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
• Catholic-Hierarchy^{[self-published]}