The Calendar of the Church Year
The Calendar of the Church Yearis the liturgical calendar found in the1979Book of Common Prayer[1]and inLesser Feasts and Fasts,[2]with additions made at recentGeneral Conventions.
Theveneration of saintsin theEpiscopal Church (United States)is a continuation of an ancient tradition from the early Church which honors important and influential people of theChristianfaith. The usage of the termsaintis similar toRoman CatholicandOrthodoxtraditions. Episcopalians believe in thecommunion of saintsin prayer[3][4][5]and as such the Episcopal liturgical calendar accommodates feasts for saints.[6]
Significance
[edit]The Calendar of the Church Year, as found in the authorized editions of theBook of Common PrayerandLesser Feasts and Fasts,is the official calendar of The Episcopal Church.
There is no single calendar for the various churches which are part of theAnglican Communion;each makes its own calendar suitable for its local situation. Calendars in different provinces of the Anglican Communion will focus on figures more important to their own provinces. As a result, The Calendar of the Church Year contains a number of figures important in the history of the church in the United States, as well as figures of regional or global significance.
Different provinces often borrow important figures from each other's calendars, as the international importance of those figures become more prominent in their own provinces. In this way the calendar of the Episcopal Church in the United States has importance beyond just the immediate purpose of supporting theliturgyof the American church.
Because of its relation to the Episcopal Church of the United States, theEpiscopal Church in the Philippinesfollows The Calendar of the Church Year rather closely.
The Calendar of the Church Year is one of the key sources of the calendar for the internationaldaily officeOremus.[7]
Sources
[edit]The Calendar of the Church Year is found in the 1928 Book of Common Prayer,[8]in which it was simply called "The Calendar", and in the 1979 Book of Common Prayer, in which it bears its present name of "The Calendar of the Church Year".[1]At present, the 1979 prayer book--and, by extension, its liturgical calendar--is the only one which is authorized for use. In some jurisdictions, the 1928 prayer book may be used with permission, along with the liturgical calendar of the 1979 prayer book.
Since 1964, the Episcopal Church has published additional books which expand the liturgical calendar. Most of these have borne the titleLesser Feasts and Fasts,although some have borne other titles. These books include:
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1964[9]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1973[9]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1980[9]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1988[9]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1994[9]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,1997
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,2000
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,2003
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,2006[2]
- Holy Women, Holy Men: Celebrating the Saints,2010[10]
- A Great Cloud of Witnesses,2015[11]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,2018[12]
- Lesser Feasts and Fasts,2022[13]
The additions to the liturgical calendar, as published in these books, do not remain fixed from edition to edition. New observances are introduced for "trial use" in a newly published edition, then may be kept or removed in subsequent editions. Those which have remained in use for two consecutive editions, and which are to be kept thereafter, become permanent additions to the liturgical calendar, and are always included in subsequent editions.
The 2018 edition of theLesser Feasts and Fastswas formally authorized for use at the 2022 General Convention. The 2006 edition of theLesser Feasts and Fasts,which remains in popular use in traditional congregations, remains authorized for use as well. "The Calendar of the Church Year" as found in the authorized editions of theBook of Common Prayerand theLesser Feasts and Fastsare the only authorized liturgical calendars for the Episcopal Church.[14]
History
[edit]Early calendars
[edit]When the Episcopal Church separated from the Church of England, it created a new version of theBook of Common Prayer.[15]It listed only 25 holy days assigned to a specific date, nearly all of them honoring New Testament persons or events. This was similar to the 16th century prayer books and in contrast to England's prayer book in use at the time of the American Revolution. That prayer book had 93 holy dates, including the feast ofCharles I,martyr, and the feast of theRestoration of Charles II.It added a feast to honor Civil and Religious Liberty on July 4.[16]
The calendar changed little in the 1892 revision of theBook of Common Prayer.[17]
In the early 20th century, the Episcopal Church planned a revision to the book. The Commission of the Book of Common Prayer made official reports in 1916,[18]1919,[19]and 1922[20]recommending the addition of 45 to 54 holy days. None of those were accepted, and the 1928 prayer book included none of the recommendations.[21]
20th-century revisions
[edit]Starting in 1950, the Standing Liturgical Commission released sixteen Prayer Book Studies during the process of creating what eventually became theBook of Common Prayer (1979).[22]Two of those studies proposed new sanctoral calendars for the church.
Prayer Book Study IXwas published in 1957. It proposed more than 80 new feasts to the calendar, including new major feasts for theNativity of St. John the Baptist,Saint Mary MagdaleneandHoly Cross Day.
Prayer Book Study XVI was published in 1964 asLesser Feasts and Fasts.[23]It was the first publication to bear that name, and also marked the first time feasts were approved for "trial use." It included more than 25 feasts that were not part of the 1957 publication. A second edition ofLesser Feasts and Fastswas published in 1973, added more than a dozen additional feasts. It was also authorized for trial use.
The firstLesser Feasts and Fastscalendar given final approval was the 1980 edition. Its calendar was published in the Book of Common Prayer's list of optional observances.[23]
Lesser Feasts and Fastswas revised every three years when the General Convention met. Delegates to the convention submitted names to the calendar in the form of resolutions. The convention then voted to either reject a proposed feast, refer it to the Standing Commission on Liturgy to consider, add it to the calendar on a trial basis, or give it final approval. For example, the General Convention asked the committee to consider a feast forHildegard of Bingenin 1991.[24]It approved her feast on a trial basis in 1994[25]and gave it final approval in 1997.[26]
21st-century revisions
[edit]In 2003, the Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music began extensive work on calendar revision. It was charged with increasing the cultural diversity of the church's calendar. At the time, women made up about 7% of commemorations and most dates honored white male clergy.[27]
In 2009, the General Convention authorized a new calendar for trial use, calledHoly Women, Holy Men.[28]The book had more than 100 additional commemorations to honor a variety of historical persons such as poetChristina Rossetti,astronomerNicolaus Copernicus,and theDorchester Chaplains.[29]It increased the percentage of women represented by only 9 percentage points and was less racially diverse than past calendars.[27]
Holy Women, Holy Menwas approved with additions for three years of trial use again in 2012,[30]with additions. It was never given final approval.[31]
In 2015, the commission submitted a new volume,A Great Cloud of Witnesses.[32]It was envisioned as a replacement forHoly Women, Holy Men,and was introduced after study and collection opinion from Episcopalians online.[33]The text ofA Great Cloud of Witnessesstated that it was not intended to be a calendar of saints, but "an extended family history." The 2015 General Convention voted to make it available, but did not authorize it for trial use.[34]
In 2018, the commission released a report saying the calendar had been thrown into a "situation of great confusion."[35]It proposed a new calendar that updatedLesser Feasts and Fasts 2006,the last publication that had met with final authorization. It increased the percentages of women and laypersons to roughly 50%.[27]The 2018 General Convention approvedLesser Feasts and Fastsfor trial use.[36]
The 2022, General Convention gave final authorization to the more than 90 feasts days that had been added as part of theLesser Feasts and Fasts 2018trial use calendar.[37]This represented the largest number of additions to the calendar at a single general convention since 1979.
In 2024, General Convention finalized the removal ofWilliam Porcher DuBosefrom the calendar. It also finalized three feasts that had been under trial use since 2022.[38]
Fixed dates
[edit]Ranking of observances
[edit]The Episcopal Church'sBook of Common Prayeridentifies four categories of feasts:Principal Feasts,other Feasts of our Lord (including Sundays), other Major Feasts, and minor feasts. Two major fast days are also listed (Ash WednesdayandGood Friday). In addition to these categories, further distinctions are made between feasts, to determine the precedence of feasts used when more than one feast falls on the same day. In addition,Lesser Feasts and Fastsgives further rules for the relative ranking of feasts and fasts. These rules of precedence all establish a ranking, from most to least important, as follows:[39]
- Principal Feasts
- The Feasts of theHoly Name,thePresentation,andTransfiguration
- Sundays through the year
- Ash Wednesday and Good Friday
- Feasts of our Lord
- Other Major Feasts
- Weekdays ofLent
- Minor feasts
Days of fasting and prayer
[edit]Ash WednesdayandGood Fridayare appointed as major fast days with special services. "Days of special observance" or lesser fast days include all the weekdays of Lent and every Friday in the year, with the exception that fasting is never observed during the Easter or Christmas seasons, or on Feasts of our Lord. The Episcopal Church does not prescribe the specific manner of observance of these days.
Other days for prayer and optional fasting includerogation days,traditionally observed on April 25 and the three weekdays beforeAscension Day,as well as the sets ofEmber daysfour times each year.
Baptismal feasts
[edit]TheGreat Vigil of Easter,Pentecost,All Saints' Day,andThe Baptism of our Lord,are appointed as baptismal feasts. It is preferred that baptism be reserved for those occasions.
Calendar
[edit]Principal Feasts are inBOLD, ALL CAPS.Feasts of our Lord are inbold italics.Other Major Feasts and Fasts are inbold.Appropriate Collects and Prayers for use in celebrating the commemorations are in brackets.[40] [41]
Movable days
[edit]The following observances occur on different dates depending on the date of Easter.
- Ash Wednesday
- Good Friday
- EASTER DAY
- ASCENSION DAY
- DAY OF PENTECOST
- The FirstBook of Common Prayer,1549, observed on a weekday following Pentecost
- TRINITY SUNDAY
Thanksgiving Dayis a feast on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States which may be celebrated on another day elsewhere. In addition, every Sunday in the year is observed as a "feast of our Lord".
January
[edit]- 1The Holy Name of Our Lord Jesus Christ
- 4Elizabeth Ann Seton,Monastic and Educator, 1821
- 5Sarah,Theodora,andSyncleticaof Egypt,Desert Mothers,4th–5th century
- 6THE EPIPHANY OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST
- 8Harriet Bedell,Deaconess and Missionary, 1969
- 9Julia Chester Emery,Missionary, 1922
- 10William Laud,Archbishop of Canterbury,1645
- 12Aelred,Abbot ofRievaulx,1167
- 13Hilary of Poitiers,Bishop, 367
- 16Richard Meux Benson,Priest, 1915, andCharles Gore,Bishop, 1932
- 17Antony of Egypt,Monastic, 356
- 18The Confession of Saint Peter the Apostle
- 19Wulfstan of Worcester,Bishop, 1095
- 20Fabian,Bishop and Martyr of Rome, 250
- 21AgnesandCeciliaof Rome, Martyrs, 304 and c.230
- 22Vincent of Saragossa,Deacon and Martyr, 304
- 23Phillips Brooks,Bishop, 1893
- 24Florence Li Tim-Oi,Priest, 1944
- 25The Conversion ofSaint Paul the Apostle
- 26Timothy,Titus,Companions of Saint Paul
- 27John Chrysostom,Bishop and Theologian, 407
- 28Thomas Aquinas,Priest and Friar, 1274
- 31Marcella of Rome,Monastic and Scholar, 410
February
[edit]- 1Brigid of Kildare,Monastic, 523
- 2The Presentation of Our Lord Jesus Christ in the Temple
- 3Anskar,Bishop and Missionary, 865
- 4Manche Masemola,Martyr, 1928
- 4Cornelius the Centurion
- 5Agatha of Sicily,Martyr, c.251
- 5The Martyrs of Japan,1597
- 8Bakhita(Josephine Margaret Bakhita), Monastic and Prophetic Witness, 1947
- 10Scholastica,Monastic, 543
- 11Theodora,Empress, c.867
- 13Absalom Jones,Priest, 1818
- 14CyrilandMethodius,Missionaries, 869, 885
- 15Thomas Bray,Priest and Missionary, 1730
- 17Janani Luwum,Archbishop and Martyr, 1977
- 18Martin Luther,Pastor and Church Reformer 1546
- 19Agnes Tsao Kou Ying,Agatha Lin Zhao,andLucy Yi Zhenmei,Catechists and Martyrs, 1856, 1858, and 1862
- 20Frederick Douglass,Prophetic Witness, 1895
- 22Margaret of Cortona,Monastic, 1297
- 23Polycarp of Smyrna,Bishop and Martyr of Smyrna, 156
- 24Saint Matthias the Apostle
- 25Emily Malbone Morgan,Prophetic Witness, 1937
- 26Photini,The Samaritan Woman, c.67
- 27George Herbert,priest, 1633
- 28Anna Julia Haywood Cooper,Educator, 1964
March
[edit]- 1David of Wales,Bishop, c. 544
- 2Chad of Lichfield,Bishop, 672
- 3JohnandCharles Wesley,Priests, 1791, 1788
- 7Perpetua and Felicity,Martyrs, 203
- 9Gregory of Nyssa,Bishop, c. 394
- 10Harriet Ross Tubman,Social Reformer, 1913
- 12Gregory the Great,Bishop and Theologian, 604
- 13James Theodore Holly,Bishop of Haiti and Dominican Republic, 1911
- 15Vincent de Paul,Priest, andLouise de Marillac,Monastic, Workers of Charity, 1660
- 17Patrick of Ireland,Bishop and Missionary, 461
- 18Cyril of Jerusalem,Bishop and Theologian, 386
- 19Saint Joseph
- 20Cuthbert,Bishop, 687
- 21Thomas Ken,Bishop, 1711
- 22James De Koven,Priest, 1879
- 23Gregory the Illuminator,Bishop and Missionary of Armenia, c. 332
- 24Óscar Romero,Archbishop of San Salvador, 1980, and the Martyrs of El Salvador
- 25The Annunciation of Our Lord Jesus Christ to the Blessed Virgin Mary
- 26Harriet Monsell,Monastic, 1883
- 27Charles Henry Brent,Bishop of the Philippines, and of Western New York, 1929
- 28James Solomon Russell,Priest, 1935
- 29John Keble,Priest, 1866
- 31John Donne,Priest and Poet, 1631
April
[edit]- 1Frederick Denison Maurice,Priest, 1872
- 2James Lloyd Breck,Priest, 1876
- 3Richard of Chichester,Bishop of Chichester, 1253
- 3Mary of Egypt,Hermit and Penitent, c.421
- 4Martin Luther King Jr.,Pastor, Civil Rights Leader, 1968
- 5Harriet Starr Cannon,Monastic, 1896
- 7Tikhon,Bishop and Ecumenist, 1925
- 8William Augustus Muhlenberg,Priest, 1877
- 9Dietrich Bonhoeffer,Pastor and Theologian, 1945
- 10William Law,Priest, 1761.
- 11George Augustus Selwyn,Bishop of New Zealand, and of Lichfield, 1878
- 14Zenaida,Philonella,andHermione,Unmercenary Physicians, c. 100, c.117
- 15Damien,Priest and Leper, 1889, andMarianne Cope,Monastic, 1918
- 16Peter William Cassey,Priest, 1917 and Annie Besant Cassey, 1875
- 17Kateri Tekakwitha,Prophetic Witness, 1680
- 18Juana Inés de la Cruz,Monastic and Theologian, 1695
- 19Alphege,Archbishop of Canterbury, and Martyr, 1012
- 21Anselm,Archbishop of Canterbury, 1109
- 22Hadewijch of Brabant,Poet and Mystic, 13th century
- 23Toyohiko Kagawa,Prophetic Witness, 1960
- 25Saint Mark the Evangelist
- 27Zita of Tuscany,Worker of Charity, 1271
- 29Catherine of Siena,Mystic and Prophetic Witness 1380
May
[edit]- 1Saint PhilipandSaint James,Apostles
- 2Athanasius of Alexandria,Bishop and Theologian, 373
- 3Elisabeth Cruciger,Poet and Hymnographer, 1535
- 4Monica of Hippo,Mother of Augustine of Hippo, 387
- 5 Martyrs of the Reformation Era
- 8Julian of Norwich,Mystic and Theologian, c. 1417
- 9Gregory of Nazianzus,Bishop of Constantinople, 389
- 11Johann ArndtandJacob Boehme,Mystics, 1621 and 1624
- 13Frances Perkins,Social Reformer, 1965
- 15Pachomius of Tabenissi,Monastic, 348
- 17Thurgood Marshall,Public Servant, Lawyer and Jurist, 1993
- 19Dunstan,Archbishop of Canterbury, 988
- 20Alcuin of York,Deacon and Abbot, 804
- 21Lydia of Thyatira,Coworker of the Apostle Paul
- 22Helena of Constantinople,Protector of the Holy Places, 330
- 24Jackson Kemper,First Missionary Bishop in the United States, 1870
- 25Bede,Priest and Historian, 735
- 26Augustine,First Archbishop of Canterbury, 605
- 28Mechthild of Magdeburg,Mystic, c.1282
- 31The Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
June
[edit]- 1Justin,Martyr, c. 167
- 2Blandina and Her Companions, The Martyrs of Lyons,177
- 3 TheMartyrs of Uganda,1886
- 4Pope John XXIII(Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli), Bishop and Church Reformer, 1963
- 5Boniface,Archbishop of Mainz, Missionary to Germany, and Martyr, 754
- 8Melania the Elder,Monastic, 410
- 9Columba of Iona,Monastic, 597
- 10Ephrem of Nisibis,Deacon and Poet, 373
- 11Saint Barnabas the Apostle
- 12Enmegahbowh,Priest and Missionary, 1902
- 14Basil of Caesarea,Bishop and Theologian, 379
- 15Evelyn Underhill,Theologian and Mystic 1941
- 16Joseph Butler,Bishop and Theologian, 1752
- 17Marina the Monk,Monastic, 5th century
- 18Bernard Mizeki,Martyr, 1896
- 19Adelaide Teague Case,Educator, 1948
- 22Alban,Martyr, c. 304
- 24The Nativity of Saint John the Baptist
- 26Isabel Florence Hapgood,Ecumenist, 1929
- 28Irenaeus of Lyons,Bishop and Theologian, c. 202
- 29Saint Peter and Saint Paul,Apostles
July
[edit]- 1Pauli Murray,Priest, 1985
- 2Moses the Black,Monastic and Martyr, c.400
- 4Independence Day
- 6Eva Lee Matthews,Monastic, 1928
- 8Priscilla and Aquila,Coworkers of the Apostle Paul
- 11Benedict of Nursia,Monastic, 543
- 14Argula von Grumbach,Scholar and Church Reformer, c.1554
- 17William White,Bishop, 1836
- 19Macrina of Caesarea,Monastic and Teacher, 379.
- 20Elizabeth Cady Stanton,Amelia Bloomer,Sojourner Truth,andHarriet Ross Tubman,Social Reformers
- 21Maria Skobtsoba,Monastic and Martyr, 1945
- 22Saint Mary Magdalene
- 23John Cassian,Monastic and Theologian, 435
- 24Thomas a Kempis,Priest, 1471
- 25Saint James the Apostle
- 26 The Parents of the Blessed Virgin Mary (traditionally identified asAnneandJoachim)
- 27William Reed Huntington,Priest, 1909
- 28Johann Sebastian Bach,Composer, 1750
- 29MaryandMarthaof Bethany
- 29First Ordination of Women to the Priesthood in The Episcopal Church,1974
- 30William Wilberforce,Social Reformer, 1833
- 31Ignatius of Loyola,Priest and Spiritual Writer, 1556
August
[edit]- 1Joseph of Arimathaea
- 3Joanna, Mary, and Salome,Myrrh-bearing Women
- 6The Transfiguration of Our Lord Jesus Christ
- 7John Mason Neale,Priest and Hymnographer, 1866.
- 8Dominic,Priest and Friar, 1221
- 9Edith Stein(Teresa Benedicta of the Cross), Philosopher, Monastic, and Martyr, 1942
- 10Laurence of Rome,Deacon, and Martyr, 258
- 11Clare of Assisi,Monastic, 1253
- 12Florence Nightingale,Nurse, Social Reformer, 1910
- 13Jeremy Taylor,Bishop and Theologian, 1667
- 14Jonathan Myrick Daniels,Martyr, 1965
- 15Saint Mary the Virgin,Mother of Our Lord Jesus Christ
- 20Bernard of Clairvaux,Monastic and Theologian, 1153
- 24Saint Bartholomew the Apostle
- 25Louis,King of France, 1270
- 26Thomas GallaudetandHenry Winter Syle,Priests, 1902 and 1890
- 28Augustine of Hippo,Bishop and Theologian, 430
- 29The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist.
- 30Margaret Ward,Margaret Clitherow,andAnne Line,Martyrs, 1588, 1586, and 1601
- 31Aidan,Bishop, 651
September
[edit]- 1David Pendleton Oakerhater,Deacon, 1931
- 2 TheMartyrs of New Guinea,1942
- 3Phoebe,Deacon
- 4Paul Jones,Bishop, 1941
- 5Katharina Zell,Church Reformer and Writer, 1562
- 6Hannah More,Religious Writer and Philanthropist, 1833
- 7Kassiani,Poet and Hymnographer, 865
- 8The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
- 9Constance, Thecla, Ruth, Frances, Charles Parsons, and Louis Schuyler,Martyrs, 1878
- 10Alexander Crummell,Priest, 1898
- 12John Henry Hobart,Bishop of New York, 1830
- 13Cyprian,Bishop and Martyr of Carthage, 258
- 14Holy Cross Day
- 15Catherine of Genoa,Mystic and Scholar, 1510
- 16Ninian,Bishop, c. 430
- 17Hildegard of Bingen,Mystic and Scholar, 1179
- 18Edward Bouverie Pusey,Priest, 1882
- 19Theodore of Tarsus,Archbishop of Canterbury, 690
- 20John Coleridge Patteson,Bishop of Melanesia, and his Companions, Martyrs, 1871
- 21Saint Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist
- 22Philander Chase,Bishop of Ohio, and of Illinois, 1852
- 23Thecla of Iconium,Proto-Martyr among Women, c.70
- 24Anna Ellison Butler Alexander,Deaconess and Teacher, 1947
- 25Sergius of Radonezh,Monastic, 1392
- 26Lancelot Andrewes,Bishop, 1626
- 27Euphrosyne/Smaragdus of Alexandria,Monastic, 5th century
- 28PaulaandEustochium of Rome,Monastics and Scholars, 404 and c.419
- 29Saint Michael and All Angels
- 30Jerome,Priest, and Scholar, 420
October
[edit]- 1Remegius,Bishop of Rheims, c. 530
- 1Therese of Lisieux,Monastic, 1898]
- 3John Raleigh Mott,Ecumenist and Missionary, 1955
- 4Francis of Assisi,Friar and Deacon, 1226
- 6William Tyndale,Priest, 1536
- 7Birgitta of Sweden,Mystic and Prophetic Witness, 1373
- 9Robert Grosseteste,Bishop of Lincoln, 1253
- 10Vida Dutton Scudder,Educator and Witness for Peace, 1954
- 11Philip,Deacon and Evangelist
- 12Edith Cavell,Nurse, 1915
- 14Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky,Bishop of Shanghai, 1905
- 15Teresa of Ávila,Mystic and Monastic Reformer, 1582
- 16Hugh LatimerandNicholas Ridley,Bishops and Martyrs, 1555 andThomas Cranmer,Archbishop of Canterbury,1556
- 17Ignatius of Antioch,Bishop and Martyr, c. 115
- 18Saint Luke the Evangelist
- 19Henry Martyn,Priest, and Missionary, 1812.
- 23Saint James of Jerusalem,Brother of our Lord Jesus Christ, and Martyr, c. 62
- 25Tabitha (Dorcas)ofJoppa
- 26Alfred,King, 899
- 28Saint SimonandSaint Jude,Apostles
- 29James Hannington,Bishop of Eastern Equatorial Africa, and his Companions, Martyrs, 1885
- 30Maryam of Qidun,Monastic, 4th century
November
[edit]- 1ALL SAINTS
- 2Commemoration of All Faithful Departed
- 3Richard Hooker,Priest, 1600
- 6William Temple,Archbishop of Canterbury, 1944
- 7Willibrord,Archbishop of Utrecht, Missionary to Frisia, 739
- 8Ammonius,Hermit, 4th century
- 9Richard Rolle,Walter Hilton&Margery Kempe,Mystics, 1349, 1396, & c.1440
- 10Leo of Rome,Bishop of Rome, 461
- 11Martin of Tours,Bishop, 397
- 12Charles Simeon,Priest, 1836
- 14 The Consecration ofSamuel Seabury,1784
- 15Herman of Alaska,Missionary, 1837
- 16Margaret of Scotland,Queen, 1093
- 17Hugh of Lincoln,Bishop, 1200
- 18Hilda of Whitby,Abbess, 680
- 19Elizabeth of Hungary,Princess, 1231
- 20Edmund,King, 870
- 21Mechthilde of HackebornandGertrude the Great,Mystics, 1298 and 1302
- 22Clive Staples Lewis,Apologist and spiritual writer, 1963
- 23Clement of Rome,Bishop, c. 100
- 24Catherine of Alexandria,Barbara of Nicomedia,andMargaret of Antioch,Martyrs c.305
- 25James Otis Sargent Huntington,Monastic and Priest, 1935
- 28KamehamehaandEmma,King and Queen, 1864, 1885
- 30Saint Andrew the Apostle
December
[edit]- 1Nicholas Ferrar,Deacon, 1637
- 1Charles de Foucauld,Monastic and Martyr, 1916
- 2Channing Moore Williams,Missionary Bishop in China and Japan, 1910
- 3Francis Xavier,Priest and Missionary, 1552
- 4John of Damascus,Priest and Theologian, c. 760
- 5Clement of Alexandria,Priest and Theologian, c. 210
- 6Nicholas of Myra,Bishop, c. 342
- 7Ambrose of Milan,Bishop and Theologian, 397
- 12Francis de Sales,Bishop, andJane de Chantal,Vowed Religious, 1622 and 1641
- 13Lucy of SyracuseMartyr, 304
- 14John of the Cross,Mystic and Monastic Reformer, 1591
- 15Nino of Georgia,Missionary, c.332
- 17Dorothy L. Sayers,Apologist and Spiritual Writer, 1957
- 20Katharina von Bora,Church Reformer, 1552
- 21Saint Thomas the Apostle
- 25THE NATIVITY OF JESUS CHRIST
- 26Saint Stephen, Deacon and Martyr
- 27Saint John, Apostle and Evangelist
- 28The Holy Innocents
- 29Thomas Becket,Archbishop of Canterbury, 1170
- 31Frances Joseph-Gaudet,Educator and Prison Reformer, 1934
Trial Use
[edit]The 2024 General Convention authorized four feasts for trial use.[42]
- Liliʻuokalani of Hawai'i,Jan. 29
- George of Lydda,May 6
- Élie Neau,Sept. 7
- Adeline Blanchard Tylerand her Companions, Nov. 4
It also gave final authorization to the deletion ofWilliam Porcher DuBosefrom the calendar.[43]
In addition, it authorized the trial use of new dates for seven feasts:
- Cornelius the Centurion from Feb. 4 to Oct. 20
- The Martyrs of Japan from Feb. 5 to Feb. 6
- Theodora from Feb. 11 to Feb. 12
- Mary of Egypt from April 3 to Mar. 30
- Remigius of Rheims from Oct. 1 to Oct. 2
- Nicholas Ferrar from Dec. 1 to Dec. 8
- Fix the feast of the first Book of Common Prayer to June 13
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ab,The Book of Common Prayer(PDF).New York: Church Publishing. 1979. p. 15.ISBN9780898690804.
- ^abLesser Feasts and Fasts(PDF).New York: Church Publishing. 2006. p. 9.ISBN9780898695106.
- ^"Lesser Feasts and Fasts".RetrievedAug 21,2019.
- ^"Thirty-Nine Articles".RetrievedAug 21,2019.
- ^Sokol, David F. (2001).The Anglican Prayer Life: Ceum Na Corach', the True Way.p. 14.ISBN978-0-595-19171-0.
In 1556 Article XXII in part read... 'The Romish doctrine concerning... invocation of saints, is a fond thing vainly invented, and grounded upon no warranty of Scripture, but rather repugnant to the word of God.' The term 'doctrina Romanensium' or Romish doctrine was substituted for the 'doctrina scholasticorum' of the doctrine of the school authors in 1563 to bring the condemnation up to date subsequent to the Council of Trent. As E. J. Bicknell writes, invocation may mean either of two things: the simple request to a saint for his prayers (intercession), 'ora pro nobis', or a request for some particular benefit. In medieval times the saints had come to be regarded as themselves the authors of blessings. Such a view was condemned but the former was affirmed.
- ^A Great Cloud of Witnesses
- ^"Oremus Calendar".www.oremus.org.RetrievedAug 21,2019.
- ^,The Book of Common Prayer(PDF).New York: Church Publishing. 1928. p. xxx.
- ^abcdeDonald S. Armentrout and Robert Boak Slocum."Lesser Feasts and Fasts, The (LFF)".Church Publishing.
- ^,Holy Women, Holy Men(PDF).New York: Church Publishing. 2010.ISBN9780898696370.
- ^,A Great Cloud of Witnesses.New York: Church Publishing. 2015.ISBN9780898699661.
- ^,Lesser Feasts and Fasts.New York: Church Publishing. 2018.ISBN9781640652347.
- ^,Lesser Feasts and Fasts(PDF).New York: Church Publishing. 2022.ISBN9781640656277.
- ^"A013 A Plan for Clarifying the Calendar of The Episcopal Church".www.vbinder.net.Retrieved2022-07-17.
- ^"The 1789 U. S. Book of Common Prayer".justus.anglican.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"1789 Book of Common Prayer: Front Matter & Lectionary".justus.anglican.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^Church, Episcopal (1892).The Book of Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and Other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church: According to the Use of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America: Together with the Psalter Or Psalms of David.Convention.
- ^Episcopal Church. Joint Commission on the Book of Common Prayer (1916).Report of the Joint commission on the Book of common prayer, appointed by the General convention of 1913.New York Public Library. Boston, D.B. Updike, The Merrymount press.
- ^Prayer, Episcopal Church Joint Commission on the Book of Common (1919).Second Report of the Joint Commission on the Book of Common Prayer: Appointed by the General Convention of 1913.Macmillan.
- ^Prayer, Episcopal Church Joint Commission on the Book of Common (1922).Third Report of the Joint Commission, on the Book of Common Prayer.Macmillan.
- ^"The 1928 U. S. Book of Common Prayer".justus.anglican.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Prayer Book Studies, Series 1".justus.anglican.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^ab"Lesser Feasts and Fasts, The (LFF)".The Episcopal Church.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 1991-A120".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 1994-A079".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 1997-A080".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^abcStanding Commission on Liturgy and Music Blue Book Report.Episcopal Church of the United States. 2018.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 2009-A096".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-20.
- ^Holy Women, Holy Men(PDF).Church Publishing. 2010.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 2012-A051".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-20.
- ^"Lesser Feasts and Fasts".www.lectionarypage.net.Retrieved2022-07-20.
- ^A Great Cloud of Witnesses.New York: Church Publishing. 2016.
- ^Olsen, Derek (2014-02-01)."Calendar Subcommittee Update: A Great Cloud of Witnesses".Standing Commission on Liturgy and Music.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 2015-A056".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-20.
- ^mmacdonald (2018-07-13)."'Lesser Feasts and Fasts' a step closer to revision ".Episcopal News Service.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"Acts of Convention: Resolution # 2018-A065".www.episcopalarchives.org.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"General Convention Virtual Binder".www.vbinder.net.Archived fromthe originalon 2022-09-13.Retrieved2022-07-28.
- ^"General Convention Virtual Binder".www.vbinder.net.Retrieved2024-07-12.
- ^"General Convention Virtual Binder".www.vbinder.net.Retrieved2022-07-17.
- ^"Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018".Archivedfrom the original on 2019-02-14.
- ^"Lectionary Calendar".The Episcopal Church.Retrieved2022-07-17.
- ^"General Convention Virtual Binder".www.vbinder.net.Retrieved2024-07-12.
- ^"General Convention Virtual Binder".www.vbinder.net.Retrieved2024-07-12.