List of Thai monarchs
King ofThailand | |
---|---|
พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย | |
![]() Royal Standard(since 1910) | |
Incumbent | |
![]() | |
Vajiralongkorn(Rama X) since 13 October 2016 | |
Details | |
Style | His Majesty |
Heir presumptive | Dipangkorn Rasmijoti |
First monarch | Si Inthrathit |
Formation | 1238 |
Residence |
|
Website | royaloffice.th |
The succession ofThai monarchsbegan withSi Inthrathitat the establishment of thefirst Thai kingdomin 1238. With brief interruptions, 55 monarchs have ruled over four successive kingdoms, the current monarch beingVajiralongkorn (Rama X)of theChakri dynasty.
Titles and naming conventions
[edit]In theSukhothai Kingdom,the monarch used the titlePho Khun(Thai:พ่อขุน), and monarchs who reigned over the period of decline afterRam Khamhaeng the Greatused the titlePhraya(Thai:พญา).
In theAyutthaya Kingdomand afterward,thanandon,the system of Thai royal titles, determines the style of the monarch's fullregnal name(which includes the title), consisting of two interconnected parts:
- The first part is the titlePhra Bat Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua(Thai:พระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว,'His Majesty the King'). The title is split by the regnal name, written betweenPhraandChao.If the monarch was not formallycrowned,Phra Batis omitted. If the monarch ruled as atributaryor wasusurped,Somdetmay be omitted.
- Sometimes,Chao Yu Huais fully omitted. Other times, onlyYu Huais omitted, in which caseChaofollows the remaining components of the title and precedes the regnal name.
- The second part is the regnal name, of which only a portion may be used to commonly refer to the monarch. It may differ from their birth name, their name asuparaja(viceroy), or theirposthumous nameand/or historical style. This list refers to monarchs by the names most often used by traditional historians.[1]
Western nationsreferred to the monarch as the "King of Siam" (Latin:Rex Siamensium), regardless of Thai titles, since the initiation of relations in the 16th century.Mongkut (Rama IV)was the first monarch to adopt the title when the nameSiamwasfirst used in an international treaty.[2]When the kingdom's name was changed to Thailand, the monarch's Western title changed accordingly.[3]
Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)
[edit]Tai peoplesmigrated into mainland Southeast Asia in the 8th–10th centuries.[4]In the years after,Northern Thaigroups establishedmueangthat evolved into larger states, such asNgoenyang.[5][6]However, it was not until the decline of theKhmer Empirein the 13th century that aCentral Thaikingdom politically and culturally related to modern Thailand was first founded.
Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1438)
[edit]The Phra Ruang dynasty was the only royal lineage that ruled over theSukhothai Kingdom,the first Central Thai state. Established bySi Inthrathitin 1238, who declared independence from the Khmer Empire, the dynasty laid the foundations for Thai society.[7]UnderRam Khamhaeng the Great,the initialThai scriptwas invented andTherāvada Buddhismwas established as the state religion.[8]: 197 [9]: 25
The dynasty is named after theTraiphum Phra Ruang,aBuddhist cosmologybook written byMaha Thammaracha I.During his reign, the kingdom was invaded byAyutthaya,a neighboring Thai state, becoming atributaryduring the reign ofMaha Thammaracha II.[8]: 222
In the Sukhothai Kingdom, the monarch ruled from the city ofSukhothai,while theheir presumptivewould occasionally be nameduparaja,orviceroy,and ruled inSi Satchanalai.In 1438, Ayutthaya annexed Sukhothai at the death ofMaha Thammaracha IVwhenBorommarachathirat IIof Ayutthaya named his sonPrince Ramesuanuparaja. In Ayutthaya, the tradition would evolve into theFront Palacesystem.[10]
No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Kamonteng AnsiInthrabodinthrathit กมรเตงอัญศรีอินทรบดินทราทิตย์ |
Pho KhunSi Inthrathit พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์ or Pho KhunBang Klang Hao พ่อขุนบางกลางหาว |
1238 – 1270 (32 years) |
First King of Sukhothai | 1188 – 1270 (aged 82) Ruled locally in theKhmer EmpireasBang Klang Hao.His rebellion led to the establishment of Sukhothai, the firstCentral Thaikingdom[7] |
2 | ![]() |
Pho KhunBan Mueang พ่อขุนบานเมือง |
1270 – 1279 (9 years) |
Son ofSi Inthrathit | c.1237 – 1279 (aged approx. 42) Namesake for birth name ofMaha Thammaracha IV[11] | |
3 | ![]() |
Phrabat Kamonteng AnsiRammarat พระบาทกมรเตงอัญศรีรามราช |
Pho KhunRam Khamhaengthe Great พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช |
1279 – 1298 (19 years) |
Younger brother ofBan Mueang;nameduparaja | c.1237/1247 – 1298 (aged approx. 51/61) Oversaw the height of Sukhothai prosperity, the development of theThai script,and the propagation ofTheravada Buddhismwithin Sukhothai[8] |
4 | ![]() |
PhrayaLoe Thai พระยาเลอไทย |
1298 – 1323 (25 years) |
Son ofRam Khamhaeng | c.1262 – 1323 (aged approx. 61) Brother ofBurmesequeen consortMay Hnin Thwe-Da.[12]His reign saw the decline of Sukhothai, as regions conquered by Ram Khamhaeng broke away | |
5 | ![]() |
PhrayaNgua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม |
1323 – 1347 (24 years) |
Son ofBan Mueangand first cousin ofLoe Thai | c.1266 – 1347 (aged approx. 81) Brother of Burmese queen consortMay Hnin Htapi.[13]Origin of his name is disputed[14] | |
6 | PhraMaha Thammaracha I พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๑ |
PhrayaLi Thai พระยาลิไทย |
1347 – 1368 (21 years) |
Son ofLoe Thaiand first cousin once removed ofNgua Nam Thum;named uparaja asLi Thaiin 1340/41[11] | c.1300 – 1368 (aged approx. 68) Known for his devotion to Buddhistphilosophyand writing.[9]During his reign,Ayutthayabegan invasions into Sukhothai[8] | |
1378: Sukhothai became atributary stateof theAyutthaya Kingdom. | ||||||
7 | ![]() |
PhraMaha Thammaracha II พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๒ |
PhrayaLue Thai พระยาลือไทย |
1368 –c.1400 (approx. 32 years) |
Son ofMaha Thammaracha I | c.1358 – 1400 (aged approx. 42) BornLue Thai.Under his rule, the dynasty continued undertributary status[8] |
8 | ![]() |
PhraMaha Thammaracha III พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๓ |
PhrayaSai Lue Thai พระยาไสลือไทย |
c.1400 – 1419 (approx. 19 years) |
Son ofMaha Thammaracha II | c.1380 – 1419 (aged approx. 39) BornSai Lue Thai |
9 | ![]() |
PhraMaha Thammaracha IV พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๔ |
PhrayaBorommapan พระยาบรมปาล |
1419 – 1438 (19 years) |
Son ofMaha Thammaracha III | c.1401 – 1438 (aged approx. 37) BornBorommapan.Won the throne against his brother after the intervention ofIntharachaof Ayutthaya.[15]Upon his death,Borommarachathirat IIof Ayutthaya installedhis sonas uparaja, ending Phra Ruang succession[10] |
1438:Unificationwith Ayutthaya Kingdom ended Sukhothai autonomy. |
Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)
[edit]The Aytthaya Kingdom was a result of a unification between two states: The Kingdom of Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) andThe Kingdom of Lavo.Though the Kingdom of Lavo was originally a Mon kingdom, the migration of the Tai peoples into the Chao Phraya basin replaced the original Mons, consequently becoming the governors of these regions. This resulted in the capital moving from Lavapura (Lopburi) and Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) to Ayodhya (Old Ayutthaya), a new capital.[16]Later on, the Kingdom of Nakhon si Thammarat came under the influence of Ayutthaya after seceding from Sukhothai, and Sukhothai losing influence and coming under Ayutthaya.
This conflict would last long into the history of Ayutthaya Kingdom where families from the four major regional kingdoms vie over the throne of the kingdom. These kingdoms are: Kingdom of Nakhon Si Thammarat, Kingdom of Sukhothai, Kingdom of Lavo, and Kingdom of Suphannaphum. The Kingdom of Sukhothai was integrated into the Kingdom of Ayutthaya along with its noble famlies.[17]
Pre-Ayutthaya era (Ayodhya period)
[edit]Ayodhya Governor Seat | |||
---|---|---|---|
Regnal name | Reign from | Reign until | Notes |
PhraNarai พระนารายณ์ |
1082 | 1087 | Both ruler of the Ayodhya seat and the Kingdom of Lavo |
Vacancy of the governor seat; the line split into the Ayodhya seat and the Lavapura seat (the Kingdom of Lavo) | |||
Phra ChaoLuang พระเจ้าหลวง |
1089 | 1111 | |
Sai Nam Peung สายน้ำผึ้ง |
1165 | 1205 | |
Phra ChaoThammikaraja พระเจ้าธรรมิกราชา |
1205 | 1253 | |
Phra ChaoUthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง |
1253 | 1289 | |
Phra ChaoChaisen พระเจ้าชัยเสน |
1289 | 1301 | |
Phra ChaoSuwanracha พระเจ้าสุวรรณราชา |
1301 | 1310 | |
Phra ChaoThammaracha พระเจ้าธรรมราชา |
1310 | 1344 | |
PhraBoromracha พระบรมราชา |
1344 | 1351 | |
Phra ChaoUthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง |
1344 | 1351 | After King Phraek Si Racha of the Lavapura seat passed, the throne passed through his daughter Son Sai, onto her son, the governor of Ayodhya:Phra ChaoUthong[18] |
Merger with Ayutthaya afterRamathibodi I,the LordUthong,inherited the Kingdom of Lavo |
1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamathibodi I สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๑ |
Phra ChaoUthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง |
3 April 1314 | 4 March 1351[19] | 1369 (18 years) (63 years old) |
• First King of Ayutthaya | |
2 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร |
1339 | 1369 | 1370 (less than one year) (abdicated) |
1395 (56 years old) |
• Son ofUthong |
1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommarachathirat I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๑ |
Khun LuangPha Ngua ขุนหลวงพะงั่ว |
1310 | 1370 | 1388 (18 years) (78 years old) |
• Usurper, former Lord of Suphanburi • Husband ofUthong's older sister | |
4 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra ChaoThong Lan สมเด็จพระเจ้าทองลัน |
1374 | 1388 (7 days) (14 years old) |
• Son ofBorommarachathirat I |
2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(2) | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร |
1339 | 1388 | 1395 (7 years) (56 years old) |
• Former King reclaiming the throne • Son ofUthong | ||
5 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamrachathirat สมเด็จพระรามราชาธิราช |
Somdet PhrayaRam Chao สมเด็จพญารามเจ้า |
1356 | 1395 | 1409 (14 years) (usurped) |
? | • Son ofRamesuan |
2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraIntharachathirat สมเด็จพระนครินทราธิราช |
ChaoNakhon In เจ้านครอินทร์ |
1359 | 1409 | 1424 (15 years) (65 years old) |
• Former Lord of Suphanburi, offered crown • Nephew ofBorommarachathirat I | ||
7 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommarachathirat II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒ |
ChaoSam Phraya เจ้าสามพระยา |
1386 | 1424 | 1448 (24 years) (62 years old) |
• Son ofIntharachathirat | ||
8 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommatrailokkanat สมเด็จพระบรมไตรโลกนาถ |
PhraRamesuan (II) พระราเมศวร (๒) |
1431 | 1448 | 1488 (40 years) (57 years old) |
• Son ofBorommarachathirat II | ||
Administrative reformChatusadom,1454 | |||||||||
9 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommarachathirat III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓ |
PhraBorommaracha พระบรมราชา |
1462 | 1488 | 1491 (3 years) (29 years old) |
• Son ofBorommatrailokkanat | ||
10 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamathibodi II สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๒ |
PhraChettathirat พระเชษฐาธิราช |
1473 | 1491 | 10 October 1529 (38 years) (56 years old) |
• Younger brother ofBorommarachathirat III • Son ofBorommatrailokkanat | ||
11 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommarachathirat IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๔ |
PhraAthittayawong พระอาทิตยวงศ์ |
1488 | 10 October 1529 | 1533 (4 years) (45 years old) |
• Son ofRamathibodi II | ||
12 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRatsadathirat สมเด็จพระรัษฎาธิราช |
1529 | 1533 (5 months) (4 years old) |
• Son ofBorommarachathirat IV • Child king, reigned under regency | ||||
13 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraChairachathirat สมเด็จพระไชยราชาธิราช |
1499 | 1533 | 1546 (13 years) (47 years old) |
• Usurper, uncle ofRatsadathirat • Younger brother ofBorommarachathirat IV • Son ofRamathibodi II | |||
14 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraYotfa สมเด็จพระยอดฟ้า |
1535 | 1546 | 1548 (2 years) (usurped) |
10 June 1548 (13 years old) |
• Son ofChairachathirat | ||
— | ![]() |
KhunWorawongsathirat ขุนวรวงศาธิราช |
Bunsi บุญศรี |
1503 | before 10 June 1548 | 11 November 1548 – 5 January 1549 (154 days) (45 years old) |
• Usurper, not accepted by some historians | ||
15 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraMaha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ |
Phra ChaoChang Pheuak พระเจ้าช้างเผือก or PhraThianracha พระเทียรราชา |
1509 | 1548 | 1568 (20 years) (59 years old) |
• Son ofRamathibodi II • Younger brother ofBorommarachathirat IVandChairachathirat • Seized the throne from a usurper • Became a Buddhist monk atPegu(1564–1568), resumed power | ||
16 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraMahinthrathirat สมเด็จพระมหินทราธิราช |
1539 | 1568 | 2 August 1569 (1 year) (deposed) |
c.late 1569 (30 years old) |
• Son ofMaha ChakkraphatandQueenSuriyothai | ||
First Fall of Ayutthaya |
Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vassal of theFirst Toungoo Empire(1569–1584) | |||||||||
17 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet I สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑ |
Somdet PhraMaha Thammarachathirat สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราช |
1517 | 1569 | c.30 June 1590 (21 years) (73 years old) |
• Former Lord of Phitsanulok • Son-in-law ofMaha ChakkraphatandQueen Suriyothai • Installed as vassal ofBayinnaungof Burma, declared independence in 1584 | ||
Independencefrom theFirst Toungoo Empire,1584 | |||||||||
18 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet II สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๒ |
Somdet PhraNaresuanthe Great สมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช |
1555/56 | 1 July 1590 | 25 April 1605 (15 years) (49 years old) |
• Son ofMaha Thammarachathirat | ||
19 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet III สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๓ |
Somdet PhraEkathotsarot สมเด็จพระเอกาทศรถ |
1557 | 25 April 1605 | 1610 (5 years) (53 years old) |
• Brother ofNaresuan • Son ofMaha Thammarachathirat | ||
20 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet IV สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๔ |
Somdet PhraSi Saowaphak สมเด็จพระศรีเสาวภาคย์ |
1585 | 1610 | 1611 (1 year, 2 months) (26 years old) |
• Son ofEkathotsarot | ||
21 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommaracha I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๑ |
Somdet PhraSongtham สมเด็จพระเจ้าทรงธรรม |
1590 | 1611 | 12 December 1628 (17 years) (38 years old) |
• Son ofEkathotsarot,invited to take the throne after leaving the Sangha | ||
22 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraBorommaracha II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๒ |
Somdet PhraChetthathirat สมเด็จพระเชษฐาธิราช |
c.1613 | 12 December 1628 | 1628–1629 (1 year) (16 years old) |
• Son ofSongtham | ||
23 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraAthittayawong สมเด็จพระอาทิตยวงศ์ |
1620 | 1629 (36 days) (usurped) |
1637 (17 years old) |
• Younger brother ofChetthathirat II • Son ofSongtham |
Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra ChaoSanphet V สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๕ |
Somdet Phra ChaoPrasat Thong สมเด็จพระเจ้าปราสาททอง |
1599 | 1629[20][21] | August 1655 (26 years) (56 years old) |
• Usurper, formerly theKalahom • Rumored to be a son ofEkathotsarot | ||
25 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet VI สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๖ |
Somdet Chao FaChai สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าไชย |
1630 | August 1655 | 1656 (1 year) (26 years old) |
• Son ofPrasat Thong | ||
26 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet VII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๗ |
Somdet PhraSi Suthammaracha สมเด็จพระศรีสุธรรมราชาธ |
1600 | August 1656 | 26 October 1656 (~2 months) (56 years old) |
• Usurper, uncle ofChai • Younger brother ofPrasat Thong | ||
27 | Somdet PhraRamathibodi III สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๓ |
Somdet PhraNaraithe Great สมเด็จพระนารายณ์มหาราช |
16 February 1632 | 26 October 1656 | 11 July 1688 (32 years) (56 years old) |
• Usurper, nephew ofSi Suthammaracha • Son ofPrasat Thong • Half-brother ofChai • FormerFront Palace | |||
TheSiamese revolution of 1688;populist upheaval[22] |
Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraPhetracha สมเด็จพระเพทราชา |
Somdet PhraMahaburut สมเด็จพระมหาบุรุษ |
1632 | 11 July 1688 | 5 February 1703 (14 years) (71 years old) |
• Former commander of the Elephant Corps • Son-in-law ofNarai | ||
29 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet VIII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๘ |
Somdet PhraSuriyenthrathibodi สมเด็จพระเจ้าสุริเยนทราธิบดี or Phra ChaoSeua พระเจ้าเสือ |
1661 | 5 February 1703 | 9 February 1709 (7 years) (48 years old) |
• Adoptive son ofPhetracha • Son ofNaraiandChiang Mai's Princess that was given to bePhetracha's wife later | ||
30 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet IX สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๙ |
Phra ChaoThai Sa พระเจ้าท้ายสระ |
1679 | 9 February 1709 | 13 January 1733 (23 years) (54 years old) |
• Son ofSuriyenthrathibodi | ||
31 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraMaha Thammarachathirat II สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒ |
Somdet Phra Chao Yu HuaBorommakot สมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวบรมโกศ |
c.1681[23] | 13 January 1733 | 26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old) |
• Brother ofThai Sa • Son ofSuriyenthrathibodi • FormerFront Palace | ||
32 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraMaha Thammarachathirat III สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓ |
Somdet Phra ChaoUthumphon สมเด็จพระเจ้าอุทุมพร |
1733 | 1 May 1758 | 1758 (3 months) | 1796 (~63 years old) |
• Son ofBorommakot • FormerFront Palace | |
33 | ![]() |
Somdet Phra Borommaracha III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๓ |
Somdet Phra ThinangSuriyat Amarin สมเด็จพระที่นั่งสุริยาศน์อมรินทร์ or Somdet Phra Chao Ekkathat สมเด็จพระเจ้าเอกทัศ |
1718 | 1758 | 7 April 1767 (9 years) | 17 April 1767 (49 years old) |
• Usurper, brother ofUthumphon • Son ofBorommakot | |
Second Fall of Ayutthaya |
Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)
[edit]Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraSanphet X สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑๐ or Somdet Phra Borommaracha IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๔ |
Somdet Phra ChaoTaksinthe Great สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช |
17 April 1734 | 28 December 1767 | 1 April 1782 (14 years) (deposed) [24][25][a] |
7 April 1782 (47 years old) (executed)[b] |
• Son ofYong Saetae,aTeochewChinesefamily named "Tea" ( trịnh ) or "Zheng" inMandarin Chinese,andThephamat • Only King of Thonburi |
The coup seized power as theRattanakosin Kingdom[27] |
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)
[edit]Chakri dynasty (1782–present)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth (Parents) |
Accession (Coronation) |
Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Somdet PhraRamathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ (name originally taken) or Rama I รัชกาลที่ ๑/พระรามที่ ๑ (retroactively given) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat PhraPhutthayotfa Chulalokthe Great พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรโมรุราชามหาจักรีบรมนารถ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลกมหาราช (posthumously by Rama III) or Somdet Chao Phraya MahaKasatseuk สมเด็จเจ้าพระยามหากษัตริย์ศึก |
20 March 1737 4th child (2nd son) ofThongdi(Monnobleman) andDaoreung |
6 April 1782 (1st: 10 June 1782, 2nd: 17 June 1785) |
7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old) |
• Father-in-law ofTaksin • His father was a great-grandson ofKosa Pan,his mother the daughter of aHokkienChinesemillionaire family. • Claimed to be a descendant of theSukhothai dynasty | |
2 | ![]() |
Rama II รัชกาลที่ ๒/พระรามที่ ๒ (retroactively given) (never had a regnal name) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromratchapongchet Mahetsawarasunthon PhraPhutthaloetla Naphalai พระบาทสมเด็จพระบรมราชพงษเชษฐมเหศวรสุนทร พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย (posthumously by Rama III) |
24 February 1767 4th child (2nd son) ofRama IandQueenAmarindra |
7 September 1809 (17 September 1809) |
21 July 1824 (14 years, 317 days) (57 years old) |
• Son ofRama I | |
3 | ![]() |
Rama III รัชกาลที่ ๓/พระรามที่ ๓ (retroactively given) (never had a regnal name) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha Chetsadabodin PhraNangklaoChao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมาธิวรเสรฐมหาเจษฎาบดินทรฯ พระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (posthumously by Rama IV) or Phra MahaChetthaChao พระมหาเจษฎาราชเจ้า |
31 March 1788 3rd child (2nd son) ofRama IIand 1st child ofConsortSri Sulalai |
21 July 1824 (1 August 1824) |
2 April 1851 (26 years, 255 days) (63 years old) |
• Son ofRama II • His mother was a great-great-great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Sulaiman Shah ofSingora. | |
4 | ![]() |
Rama IV รัชกาลที่ ๔/พระรามที่ ๔ (retroactively given) (never had a regnal name) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra MahaMongkutPhra Chomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหามงกุฎ พระจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or PhraSayam Thewa Maha Makut Witthayathe Great พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช |
18 October 1804 44th child (22nd son) ofRama IIand 2nd son ofQueenSri Suriyendra |
2 April 1851 (15 May 1851) |
1 October 1868 (17 years, 182 days) (63 years old) |
• Half-brother ofRama III • Son ofRama II | |
Thefeudalsystem was changed toabsolute monarchyin 1892 | ||||||||
5 | ![]() |
Rama V รัชกาลที่ ๕/พระรามที่ ๕ (retroactively given) (never had a regnal name) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra MahaChulalongkornPhra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ฯ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or PhraPiyathe Great พระปิยมหาราช (His full name is 979 characters long) |
20 September 1853 9th child (5th son) ofRama IVand 1st child ofQueenDebsirindra |
1 October 1868 (1st: 11 November 1868, 2nd: 16 November 1873) |
23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old) |
• Son ofRama IV • Under regency ofSri Suriwongse(1868–1873) | |
6 | ![]() |
Rama VI รัชกาลที่ ๖/พระรามที่ ๖ (new regnal name) |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra MahaVajiravudhPhra Mongkut Klao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาวชิราวุธ พระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra MahaThiraratChao พระมหาธีรราชเจ้า |
1 January 1881 28th child (11th son) ofRama Vand 2nd child ofQueenSaovabha Phongsri |
23 October 1910 (1st: 11 November 1910, 2nd: 28 November 1911) |
26 November 1925 (15 years, 34 days) (44 years old) |
• Son ofRama V | |
7 | ![]() |
Rama VII รัชกาลที่ ๗/พระรามที่ ๗ |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra MahaPrajadhipokPhra Pok Klao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาประชาธิปก พระปกเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว |
8 November 1893 27th child (31st son) ofRama Vand 9th child ofQueenSaovabha Phongsri |
26 November 1925 (25 February 1926) |
2 March 1935 (9 years, 96 days) (abdicated) |
30 May 1941 (47 years old) |
• Younger brother ofRama VI • Son ofRama V |
TheSiamese revolution of 1932ended absolute monarchy | ||||||||
8 | ![]() |
Rama VIII รัชกาลที่ ๘/พระรามที่ ๘ |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra MahaAnanda MahidolPhra Atthamaramathibodin พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาอานันทมหิดล พระอัฐมรามาธิบดินทร |
20 September 1925 2nd child (1st son) ofMahidol AdulyadejandPrincessSrinagarindra |
2 March 1935 (11 August 1946; posthumous)[28] |
9 June 1946 (11 years, 99 days) (20 years old) |
• Grandson ofRama V • Nephew ofRama VII • Under regency from 1935 to 1946 | |
9 | ![]() |
Rama IX รัชกาลที่ ๙/พระรามที่ ๙ |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra MahaBhumibol Adulyadejthe GreatMahitalathibet Ramathibodi Chakri Naribodin Sayamintharathirat Boromanatbophit พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช มหาราช มหิตลาธิเบศรรามาธิบดี จักรีนฤบดินทร สยามินทราธิราช บรมนาถบพิตร or PhraPhattharathe Great พระภัทรมหาราช |
5 December 1927 3rd child (2nd son) ofMahidol AdulyadejandPrincessSrinagarindra |
9 June 1946 (5 May 1950) |
13 October 2016 (70 years, 126 days) (88 years old) |
• Younger brother ofRama VIII • Grandson ofRama V • Under regency from 1946 to 1949 | |
10 | ![]() |
Rama X รัชกาลที่ ๑๐/พระรามที่ ๑๐ |
Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Mahathibodi SisintharamahaVajiralongkornPhra Wachiraklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหาวชิราลงกรณ พระวชิรเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว |
28 July 1952 2nd child (only son) ofRama IXandQueenSirikit |
13 October 2016 (4 May 2019)[29] |
Incumbent (7 years, 328 days) (72 years old) |
• Son ofRama IX |
Timeline of monarchs
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/bryyyix4n93imalbv1nqfsc0o4xc2wm.png)
Family tree of the Thai monarchs
[edit]-
Family Tree of The Kings of Siam
See also
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Family tree of Thai monarchs
- Monarchy of Thailand
- List of rulers of Lan Na
- List of Thai royal consorts
- Rama (Kings of Thailand)
- Chakri dynasty
- Regent of Thailand
- Thailand
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Jones, Robert B. (June 1971)."Thai titles and ranks; including a translation of Traditions of royal lineage in Siam by King Chulalongkorn".Southeast Asia Program Data Papers Series.hdl:1813/57549– via Cornell University.
- ^""สยาม" ถูกใช้เรียกชื่อประเทศเป็นทางการสมัยรัชกาลที่ 4 "(in Thai). ศิลปวัฒนธรรม. 6 July 2017.Retrieved10 August2017.
- ^"Siam definition and meaning".Collins English Dictionary.Retrieved11 January2020.
- ^Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). Layers of Chinese loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern TaiArchived27 June 2015 at theWayback Machine.MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities,Special Issue No 20: 47–64.
- ^ProbablyThe Chiang Mai Chronicle,ISBN974-7100-62-2
- ^Wyatt, D. K. Thailand, A Short History, p. 35–38, Bangkok 2003
- ^abCœdès, G.(1921)."The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty"(PDF).Journal of the Siam Society.14(1). Siam Heritage Trust.RetrievedMarch 17,2013.
(1) The translation of this paper, which has been read at a joint session of theRoyal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,Société Asiatique,andAmerican Oriental Society,and published in theJournal asiatique(April–June 1920), is the work of Mr. J. Crosby, to whom the author begs to tend his heartfelt thanks.
- ^abcdeCœdès, George(1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.).The Indianized States of Southeast Asia.trans. Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press.ISBN978-0-8248-0368-1.
- ^abChakrabongse, C., 1960,Lords of Life,London: Alvin Redman Limited
- ^abDavid K. Wyatt (2004).Thailand: A Short History(2nd ed.). Silkworm Books. p. 59.
- ^abPrincess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation, 2011:43.
- ^Pan Hla, Nai (1968).Razadarit Ayedawbon(in Burmese) (8th printing, 2005 ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay.
- ^Pan Hla 2005: 38
- ^Sukhothai Studies Encyclopedia Commission, 1996:41.
- ^Patit Paban Mishra (2010).The History of Thailand.Greenwood. p.39.
- ^"History of Ayutthaya - Temples & Ruins - Wat Ayodhya".www.ayutthaya-history.com.Retrieved2024-07-06.
- ^The royal chronicles of Ayutthaya.Internet Archive. Bangkok: The Siam Society. 2000.ISBN978-974-8298-48-1.
{{cite book}}
:CS1 maint: others (link) - ^"clra53_0235".www.car.chula.ac.th.Retrieved2024-07-06.
- ^Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017).A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World.Cambridge University Press. p. 43.ISBN978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017).A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World(Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press.ISBN978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^Wyatt, David K. (2003).Thailand: A Short History(2nd ed.). Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books.ISBN974957544X.
- ^Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017).A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World(Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 43.ISBN978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand Third Edition (p. 301). Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.
- ^Terwiel, B. J. (Barend Jan) (1983).A history of modern Thailand, 1767-1942.St. Lucia; New York: University of Queensland Press.ISBN978-0-7022-1892-7.Archived fromthe originalon 19 July 2021.
- ^chinese society in thailand: an analytical history.cornell university press. 1957.
- ^"ว่าด้วยพระเจ้าตาก ตอน 5: สองคน สองประวัติศาสตร์ EP.50".YouTube.
3:41-3:55
- ^คำให้การ วันประหาร “พระเจ้าตาก” ฉากสุดท้ายกรุงธนบุรีศิลปวัฒนธรรม ฉบับสิงหาคม 2552
- ^Handley, Paul M. (1 January 2006).The King Never Smiles: A Biography of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej.Yale University Press. p. 95.ISBN978-0-300-13059-1.
- ^"Thai king to be crowned in coronation ceremonies May 4–6 - palace".euronews.1 January 2019.Retrieved12 November2019.
Bibliography
[edit]- PrinceChula Chakrabongse,HRH (1967).Lords of Life: A History of the Kings of Thailand.United Kingdom: Alvin Redman Limited.
- PrinceDamrong Rajanubhab,Disuankumaan (2001).Our Wars With The Burmese: Thai-Burmese Conflict 1539-1767.Thailand: White Lotus Co. Ltd.ISBN974-7534-58-4.
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation(2011).Directory of Thai kings (Thai: นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย)(PDF).Thailand: www.nanmeebooks.com.ISBN978-616-7308-25-8.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 4 March 2012.Retrieved8 January2012.
- Royal Institute of Thailand(2002)."Chronology of the Kings of Ayutthaya".Archived fromthe originalon 3 December 2013.Retrieved8 January2012.
- Wood, William A. R. (1924).History of Siam.Thailand: Chalermit Press.ISBN1-931541-10-8.