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List of birds of Palau

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This is alist of the bird species recorded in Palau.The avifauna ofPalauinclude a total of 186 species, of which 12 areendemic,and 5 have beenintroducedby humans. 9 species are globally threatened.

This list'staxonomictreatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions ofThe Clements Checklist of Birds of the World,2022 edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Palau.

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories.

  • (A)Accidental- a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Palau
  • (E)Endemic- a species endemic to Palau
  • (I)Introduced- a species introduced to Palau as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions
  • (Ex)Extirpated- a species that no longer occurs in Palau although populations exist elsewhere


Ducks, geese, and waterfowl[edit]

Order:AnseriformesFamily:Anatidae

Anatidae includes theducksand most duck-like waterfowl, such asgeeseandswans.These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

Megapodes[edit]

Order:GalliformesFamily:Megapodiidae

The Megapodiidae are stocky, medium-large chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet. All but themalleefowloccupy jungle habitats and most have brown or black colouring.

Pheasants, grouse, and allies[edit]

Order:GalliformesFamily:Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists ofquails,partridges,snowcocks,francolins,spurfowls,tragopans,monals,pheasants,peafowlsandjungle fowls.In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.

Pigeons and doves[edit]

Palau fruit-dove

Order:ColumbiformesFamily:Columbidae

Pigeonsanddovesare stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshycere.

Cuckoos[edit]

Order:CuculiformesFamily:Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includescuckoos,roadrunnersandanis.These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos arebrood parasites.

Nightjars and allies[edit]

Order:CaprimulgiformesFamily:Caprimulgidae

Nightjarsare medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Swifts[edit]

Order:CaprimulgiformesFamily:Apodidae

Swiftsare small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Rails, gallinules, and coots[edit]

Order:GruiformesFamily:Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes therails,crakes,cootsandgallinules.Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Stilts and avocets[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes theavocetsandstilts.The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Plovers and lapwings[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes theplovers,dotterelsandlapwings.They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Sandpipers and allies[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including thesandpipers,curlews,godwits,shanks,tattlers,woodcocks,snipes,dowitchersandphalaropes.The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Pratincoles and coursers[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising thepratincoles,which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and thecoursers,which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards.

Skuas and jaegers[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Gulls, terns, and skimmers[edit]

Order:CharadriiformesFamily:Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, thegulls,terns,andskimmers.Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Tropicbirds[edit]

Order:PhaethontiformesFamily:Phaethontidae

Tropicbirdsare slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

Northern storm-petrels[edit]

Order:ProcellariiformesFamily:Hydrobatidae

The northern storm-petrels are relatives of thepetrelsand are the smallest seabirds. They feed onplanktoniccrustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimesbat-like.

Shearwaters and petrels[edit]

Order:ProcellariiformesFamily:Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Frigatebirds[edit]

Order:SuliformesFamily:Fregatidae

Frigatebirdsare large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Boobies and gannets[edit]

Order:SuliformesFamily:Sulidae

The sulids comprise thegannetsandboobies.Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Cormorants and shags[edit]

Order:SuliformesFamily:Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.

Pelicans[edit]

Order:PelecaniformesFamily:Pelecanidae

Pelicansare large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

Herons, egrets, and bitterns[edit]

Order:PelecaniformesFamily:Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains thebitterns,herons,andegrets.Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

Ibises and spoonbills[edit]

Order:PelecaniformesFamily:Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes theibisesandspoonbills.They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Osprey[edit]

Order:AccipitriformesFamily:Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-largeraptorwhich is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Hawks, eagles, and kites[edit]

Order:AccipitriformesFamily:Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includeshawks,eagles,kites,harriersandOld World vultures.These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Owls[edit]

Order:StrigiformesFamily:Strigidae

Thetypical owlsare small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Kingfishers[edit]

Order:CoraciiformesFamily:Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

Bee-eaters[edit]

Order:CoraciiformesFamily:Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group ofnear passerinebirds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Rollers[edit]

Order:CoraciiformesFamily:Coraciidae

Rollers resemblecrowsin size and build, but are more closely related to thekingfishersandbee-eaters.They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Falcons and caracaras[edit]

Order:FalconiformesFamily:Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Cockatoos[edit]

Order:PsittaciformesFamily:Cacatuidae

The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and azygodactylfoot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movableheadcrest..

Old World parrots[edit]

Order:PsittaciformesFamily:Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawedzygodactylfeet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Honeyeaters[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Meliphagidae

The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family of small to medium-sized birds most common in Australia and New Guinea. They are nectar feeders and closely resemble other nectar-feeding passerines.

Cuckooshrikes[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.

Whistlers and allies[edit]

Morningbird

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Pachycephalidae

The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and some of the pitohuis.

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Fantails[edit]

Palau fantail

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Rhipiduridae

The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.

Monarch flycatchers[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.

Shrikes[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

Reed warblers and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Grassbirds and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Swallows[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Bush warblers and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Scotocercidae

The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.[1]

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and mostly undistinguished, their plumage above being generally some dull colour like greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Starlings[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Thrushes and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Turdidae

Thethrushesare a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Old World flycatchers[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Waxbills and allies[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Estrildidae

Theestrildid finchesare small passerine birds of the Old World tropics andAustralasia.They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Old World sparrows[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Wagtails and pipits[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

Old World buntings[edit]

Order:PasseriformesFamily:Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2).doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2http://www.worldbirdnames.org/retrieved 22 June 2019.
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