Lists of heads of state of Iceland
King ofIceland | |
---|---|
Konungur Íslands | |
Details | |
Style | His Majesty |
First monarch | Haakon IV |
Last monarch | Kristján X |
Formation | 1262 |
Abolition | 17 June 1944 |
This is alist of heads of state of Iceland.
Overview[edit]
Iceland was settled in the late 9th and early 10th centuries, principally by people ofNorwegianand otherScandinavianorigin. In 930, the ruling chiefs established a republicanconstitutionand an assembly called theAlthing—the oldest parliament in the world.Iceland remained independentuntil 1262, when it entered into atreaty which established a unionwith theNorwegian monarchy.In the late 14th centuryNorwayandDenmarkentered into a union. The union between Denmark and Norway, ignoring some shorter periods, lasted until 1814, when Norway brieflygained independence,and Iceland became an integral part of Denmark until 1918, when Iceland was recognised as a fullysovereign statein personal union with Denmark under acommon monarch,on 1 December that same year.[citation needed]
Following aconstitutional referendumbetween 20 and 23 May 1944, Iceland formally became anindependent republicon 17 June 1944. Since Denmark was still occupied byGermany,many Danes felt offended that the step should have been taken at the time[citation needed].Still, the last King of Iceland,Kristján X,sent a message of congratulations to the Icelandic people.[citation needed]
Kings of Norway (1262–1814)[edit]
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haakon IV
| 1 April 1204 – 16 December 1263 (aged 59) | 1262 | 16 December 1263 | Son ofHaakon III | Fairhair | |
Magnus VI
| 1 May 1238 – 9 May 1280 (aged 42) | 16 December 1263 | 9 May 1280 | Son of Haakon IV | Fairhair | |
Eric II | 1268 – | 15 July 12999 May 1280 | 15 July 1299 | Son of Magnus VI | Fairhair | |
Haakon V | 1270 – | 8 May 131915 July 1299 | 8 May 1319 | Son of Magnus VI | Fairhair | |
Magnus VII | 1316 – | 1 December 13741319 | 1 December 1374[1] | Grandson of Haakon V | Bjelbo | |
Haakon VI | 1340 – | 11 September 138015 August 1343 | 11 September 1380 | Son of Magnus VII | Bjelbo | |
Olaf IV | 1370 – | 3 August 138729 July 1380 | 3 August 1387 | Son of Haakon VI | Bjelbo | |
Margaret I | c. 1353 – | 28 October 14122 February 1388 | 28 October 1412 | Mother of Olaf IV | Estridsen | |
Eric III | c. 1381 – | 3 May 145928 October 1412 | 1442 | Son ofWartislaw VII, Duke of Pomerania | Griffins | |
Christopher I | 26 February 1416 – 5 January 1448 (aged 31) | 1442 | 5 January 1448 | Son ofJohn, Count Palatine of Neumarkt | Palatinate-Neumarkt | |
Charles I | 5 October 1409 – 14 May 1470 (aged 60) | 20 November 1449 | 1450 | Son of Knut Tordsson Bonde | Bonde | |
Christian I | 1426 – | 21 May 14811450 | 21 May 1481 | Son ofDietrich, Count of Oldenburg | Oldenburg | |
John I | 2 February 1455 – 20 February 1513 (aged 58) | 1483 | 20 February 1513 | Son of Christian I | Oldenburg | |
Christian II | 1 July 1481 – 25 January 1559 (aged 77) | 22 July 1513 | 20 January 1523 | Son of John I | Oldenburg | |
Frederick I | 7 October 1471 – 10 April 1533 (aged 61) | 1523 | 10 April 1533 | Son of Christian I | Oldenburg | |
Christian III | 12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559 (aged 55) | 1537 | 1 January 1559 | Son of Frederick I | Oldenburg | |
Frederick II | 1 July 1534 – 4 April 1588 (aged 53) | 1 January 1559 | 4 April 1588 | Son of Christian III | Oldenburg | |
Christian IV | 12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648 (aged 70) | 4 April 1588 | 28 February 1648 | Son of Frederick II | Oldenburg | |
Frederick III | 18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670 (aged 60) | 6 July 1648 | 9 February 1670 | Son of Christian IV | Oldenburg | |
Christian V | 15 April 1646 – 25 August 1699 (aged 53) | 9 February 1670 | 25 August 1699 | Son of Frederick III | Oldenburg | |
Frederick IV | 11 October 1671 – 12 October 1730 (aged 59) | 25 August 1699 | 12 October 1730 | Son of Christian V | Oldenburg | |
Christian VI | 30 November 1699 – 6 August 1746 (aged 46) | 12 October 1730 | 6 August 1746 | Son of Frederick IV | Oldenburg | |
Frederick V | 31 March 1723 – 14 January 1766 (aged 42) | 6 August 1746 | 14 January 1766 | Son of Christian VI | Oldenburg | |
Christian VII | 29 January 1749 – 13 March 1808 (aged 59) | 14 January 1766 | 13 March 1808 | Son of Frederick V | Oldenburg | |
Frederick VI | 28 January 1768 – 3 December 1839 (aged 71) | 13 March 1808 | 7 February 1814 | Son of Christian VII | Oldenburg |
Kings of Denmark (1814–1918)[edit]
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frederick VI | 28 January 1768 – 3 December 1839 (aged 71) | 7 February 1814 | 3 December 1839 | Son of Christian VII | Oldenburg | |
Christian VIII | 18 September 1786 – 20 January 1848 (aged 61) | 3 December 1839 | 20 January 1848 | Son ofFrederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmarkand grandson of Frederick V | Oldenburg | |
Frederick VII | 6 October 1808 – 15 November 1863 (aged 55) | 20 January 1848 | 15 November 1863 | Son of Christian VIII | Oldenburg | |
Christian IX | 8 April 1818 – 29 January 1906 (aged 87) | 15 November 1863 | 29 January 1906 | Son ofFriedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburgand great-grandson of Frederick V | Glücksburg | |
Frederik VIII | 3 June 1843 – 14 May 1912 (aged 68) | 29 January 1906 | 14 May 1912 | Son of Christian IX | Glücksburg | |
Christian X | 26 September 1870 – 20 April 1947 (aged 76) | 14 May 1912 | 1 December 1918 | Son of Frederik VIII | Glücksburg |
Kings of Iceland(1918–1944)[edit]
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kristján X [2] | 26 September 1870 – 20 April 1947 (aged 76) | 1 December 1918 | 17 June 1944 | Son of Frederik VIII | Glücksburg |
Presidents of Iceland (1944–present)[edit]
See also[edit]
- Jørgen Jørgensen,Jörundur hundadagakonungur( "Jørgen thedog-daysKing "in Icelandic), a Danish adventurer that proclaimed himself temporary king during some months of 1809.
- List of Norwegian monarchs
- List of Danish monarchs
- List of Swedish monarchs
- List of Finnish monarchs
- List of Greenlandic rulers
Notes[edit]
- ^Lars O. Lagerqvist & Nils Åberg inKings & Rulers of SwedenISBN91-87064-35-9p. 22
- ^Sveinn Björnsson,ruled asRegentfrom 1941 to 1944.