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Mad Max 2

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Mad Max 2
Theatrical release poster
Directed byGeorge Miller
Written by
Based on
Characters
by
Produced byByron Kennedy
StarringMel Gibson
CinematographyDean Semler
Edited by
  • David Stiven
  • Tim Wellburn
  • Michael Balson
Music byBrian May
Production
company
Distributed byRoadshow Film Distributors
Release date
  • 24 December 1981(1981-12-24)
Running time
96 minutes[1]
CountryAustralia
LanguageEnglish
BudgetA$4.5 million[2]
Box officeUS$36 million (rentals)[3]

Mad Max 2(released asThe Road Warriorin the United States) is a 1981 Australianpost-apocalypticdystopianaction filmdirected byGeorge Miller,who co-wrote it withTerry HayesandBrian Hannant.It is the second installment in theMad Maxfranchise. The film starsMel Gibsonreprising his role as"Mad Max" Rockatanskyand follows a hardened man who helps a community of settlers to defend themselves against a roving band ofmarauders.[4]Filming took place in locations aroundBroken Hill,in theOutbackofNew South Wales.[5]

Mad Max 2was released in Australia on 24 December 1981 to widespread critical acclaim, with particular praise given to Gibson's performance, the musical score, cinematography, action sequences, costume design and sparing use of dialogue. It was also a box office success, and the film's post-apocalyptic and punk aesthetics helped popularise the genre in film andfictionwriting. At the10th Saturn Awards,the film wonBest International Filmand was nominated for five more awards:Best Director,Best Actorfor Gibson,Best Supporting ActorforBruce Spence,Best Writing,andBest CostumesforNorma Moriceau.Mad Max 2is widely hailed as bothone of the greatest action movies of all timeand one of the greatest sequels ever made,[6]and fan clubs for the film and "road warrior" -themed activities continue into the 21st century.

Preceded byMad Maxin 1979, the film was followed byMad Max Beyond Thunderdomein 1985,Mad Max: Fury Roadin 2015 andFuriosa: A Mad Max Sagain 2024.

Plot[edit]

After aglobal warresults in widespread oil shortages andecocide,civilization collapses, and the world descends into barbarism.[7]Former policeman Max Rockatansky, haunted by the death of his family,[a]drives around the desert wilderness of Australia, scavenging for food and petrol with his dog. He outmaneuvers a group of marauders led by biker Wez using his driving skills and a shotgun. He steals gasoline from the wrecked vehicles of one of his pursuers and inspects a wrecked semi-trailer andprime mover.

Later, Max tries collecting an apparently abandonedgyrocopter's fuel, but is ambushed by the pilot. Max overpowers the man with his dog's help, sparing his life in return for being led to a working oil refinery the pilot has discovered. They arrive during the daily attack on the facility by a motorised gang, of which Wez is a member.

The next day, Max witnesses cars leave the besieged compound and get chased down by marauders. He rescues Nathan, the sole survivor of one car, and strikes a deal to return him to the complex in exchange for fuel, but the man dies after Max gets him back, and the leader of the settlers, Pappagallo, says the deal died with Nathan. The settlers are about to confiscate Max's car and cast him out of their compound when the marauders return to negotiate. A feral child who lives in the refinery compound kills Wez's partner with a metal boomerang and Wez wants revenge, but the gang's leader, a masked man called "Lord Humungus", offers to spare the settlers' lives in exchange for their fuel supply and leaves for the day. However, the settlers are divided over whether or not they can trust Humungus.

Max offers his own deal: he will bring them the semi-truck he saw earlier so they can try to haul away theirtankerfull of oil, if they return his car and give him as much fuel as he can carry. The settlers agree, and that night Max sneaks past the marauders on foot carrying fuel for the truck. He encounters the Gyro Captain and forces him to fly him to the truck, which he gets started. It is somewhat damaged as Max passes through the marauders' encampment en route to the refinery, but he makes it, followed by the gyrocopter.

Max refuses Pappagallo's entreaty to accompany the settlers to a fabled northern paradise,[b]opting instead to collect his fuel and leave. Wez catches him using Humungus'snitrous oxide-equipped vehicle and causes him to crash. A Marauder kills Max's dog and is about to kill the seriously-injured Max when Marauder Toadie attempts to siphon the fuel from the tanks of Max's car, triggering the vehicle to self-destruct. Left for dead, Max is rescued by the Gyro Captain and returned to the compound.

Despite his injuries, Max insists on driving the repaired truck during the escape. His support consists of the Gyro Captain, Pappagallo in a separate vehicle, three of the settlers on the outside of the armoured tanker, and the Feral Kid, who jumps on the truck as it is leaving. The marauders pursue the tanker, allowing the remaining settlers to flee their compound in a caravan of smaller vehicles after rigging the refinery to explode.

Pappagallo and the three settlers are killed and the Gyro Captain is shot down. Max turns the truck around and, as he is fighting with Wez, Humungus collides with the truck head on, killing Wez and himself. The truck rolls off the road and the surviving marauders survey the scene, only to abandon their chase when they see the tanker leaking sand and not gas. As Max carries the Feral Kid from the wrecked tanker, he inspects the sand pouring out. The Gyro Captain drives up and the two share a grin as Max realizes the tanker had been a diversion the whole time. They rendezvous with the settlers, who transported the fuel in oil drums inside their vehicles.

The Gyro Captain succeeds Pappagallo as leader of the settlers and takes them north. The Feral Kid becomes "Chief of the Great Northern Tribe" when he grows up. He, however, never sees "the Road Warrior" again.

Cast[edit]

  • Mel Gibsonas"Mad Max" Rockatansky,a former member of the Australian highway patrol (the Main Force Patrol, MFP) who, after a biker gang killed his family, left the force and hunted down and killed all of the gang members. The trauma of the events ofMad Maxtransformed him into an embittered "shell of a man", but he still elects to assist the settlers with their plan in this film.
  • Bruce Spenceas The Gyro Captain, a wanderer who searches for fuel and supplies using a ramshackle oldgyrocopter.He, too, decides to throw in his lot with the settlers and help defend their compound. Writing forTime,Richard Corlisscalled the Captain "a deranged parody of the World War Iaerial ace:scarecrow skinny, gaily clad, sporting aJames Coburnsmile with advancedcaries".[8]
  • Mike Prestonas Pappagallo, the idealistic leader of a group of settlers barricaded in an oil refinery. Even though the settlers' compound is besieged by a violent gang, Pappagallo "carries the weight of his predicament with swaggering dignity."[8]The novelization of the film expanded on Pappagallo's history, describing him as a top executive for one of the "7 Sisters" major petroleum firms who lost his family in the war and escaped to the wastelands, where he would join up with other refugees and become a leader of their efforts to establish a new civilization.
  • Max Phippsas The Toadie, thecrierof Humungus's gang and a classicsycophant.
  • Vernon Wellsas Wez, a mohawked, leather-clad biker who serves as Humungus's lieutenant.Vincent Canby,writing forThe New York Times,called Wez the "most evil of The Humungus's followers...[a] huge brute who rides around on his bike, snarling psychotically."[9]In a 1985 interview withDanny Peary,Miller said the characters of Wez and Max are near mirror images of each other.[10]In 2011,Empiremagazine listed Wez as the greatest movie henchman of all time.[11]
  • Kjell Nilssonas Lord Humungus, the violent, yet charismatic and articulate, leader of a "vicious gang of post-holocaust, motorcycle-riding vandals"[9]who loot, rape, and kill the few remaining wasteland-dwellers. In the interview withDanny Peary,Miller posited that he thought the character "was a former military officer who suffered severe facial burns", and that he "might have served in the same outfit as his counterpart, Pappagallo."[10]
  • Emil Mintyas TheFeral Kid,an eight-year-old boy[8]who lives in the wasteland near the oil refinery. He speaks only in growls and grunts, wears shorts and boots made from hide, and defends himself with a metal boomerang that he can catch using an improvised mail glove.
  • Virginia Heyas Warrior Woman, a settler who initially distrusts Max.
  • William Zappa as Zetta, a settler.
  • Arkie Whiteleyas The Captain's Girl, a beautiful young settler who chooses to stay with her compatriots rather than escape with the Gyro Captain, prompting him to stay as well.
  • Steven J. Spearsas The Mechanic, a settler who isparaplegic.
  • Syd Heylenas Curmudgeon, an elderly settler who wears a military helmet and decorations.
  • Moira Claux as "Big" Rebecca, a settler who wields a bow and arrow and initially wants to take Humungus's offer of safe passage if they abandon their compound.
  • David Downer as Nathan, one of the settlers who leaves the compound to look for a truck to tow the oil tanker. He is wounded by some of Humungus's bikers and dies shortly after Max brings him back to the refinery.
  • David Slingsby as Quiet Man, a settler.
  • Kristoffer Greaves as Mechanic's Assistant, a settler.
  • Max Fairchild as Broken Victim, a settler who is caught and tied to the front of Humungus's car. Gibson and Fairchild are the only two actors who appear in bothMad MaxandMad Max 2,though Fairchild portrays a different character in each film.
  • Tyler Coppinas Defiant Victim, a settler who is caught and tied to the front of Humungus's car.
  • Jerry O'Sullivan (credited as Jimmy Brown) as The Golden Youth, Wez's companion, who is killed by the Feral Kid's boomerang.

Production[edit]

Development[edit]

Following the release ofMad Max,directorGeorge Millertried to develop arock and rollmovie, the working title of which wasRoxanne.After working together on thenovelizationofMad Max,Miller andTerry Hayesteamed up inLos Angelesto writeRoxanne,but the script was ultimately shelved.[12]Miller then became intrigued with the idea of returning to the world ofMad Max,as a larger budget would allow him to be more ambitious. He said: "MakingMad Maxwas a very unhappy experience for me. I had absolutely no control over the final product ", but" There was strong pressure to make a sequel, and I felt we could do a better job with a second movie. "[13]Inspired byJoseph Campbell'sThe Hero with a Thousand Facesand the work ofCarl Jung,[14]as well as the films ofAkira Kurosawa,[2]Miller recruited Hayes to join the production as a scriptwriter.[15]Brian Hannantalso came on board as co-writer, first assistant director, and second unit director.

Filming[edit]

Filming took place in the desert surrounding the remote mining town ofBroken Hill,New South Wales.

Principal photographytook place over the course of twelve weeks in the winter of 1981 nearBroken Hill,New South Wales.[16]The scene where the Pursuit Special rolls over and explodes was shot at Wilangee Road near the Mundi Mundi Plains lookout, just outside ofSilverton.[17][18]Filming also took place at the Pinnacles, which is where the set of the oil refinery compound was constructed.[19]

In one scene, stunt coordinator Guy Norris broke his femur when he flew off his motorcycle and his leg hit the car. His injury is visible in the released film.[20]

Music[edit]

Themusical scoreforMad Max 2was composed and conducted by Australian composerBrian May,who had also composed the music forMad Max.A soundtrack album was released byVarèse Sarabandein 1982.[21]

Censorship[edit]

The original cut of the film was more bloody and violent, but it was cut down heavily to receive an "M" rating fromAustralian censors.Entire scenes and sequences were deleted completely, and others were edited. When the film was submitted to theMPAAin the United States, two additional scenes were shortened (the scene in which Wez pulls an arrow out of his arm and the one in which he pulls the boomerang out of the Golden Youth's head). Although the version of the film that includes those scenes before they were trimmed down for the MPAA survives, no version without the previous deletions exists.[2][22]

Reception[edit]

Box office[edit]

Mad Max 2was a commercial success, grossing A$10.8 million in Australia alone, which was double whatMad Maxhad earned in the country to become thehighest-grossing Australian film at the Australian box office.[23]Despite making more than its predecessor, however,Mad Max 2never held that record, becauseGallipoliwas released earlier in 1981 and grossed A$11.7 million in Australia.[23]

In the United States, with a gross of US$23.6 million[24][2]andtheatrical rentalsof $11 million,[3]the film also outperformedMad Max.When that film was released in the U.S. in 1980, it did not receive a proper release from its distributor,American International Pictures,as AIP was in the final stages of a change of ownership after being bought byFilmways, Inc.a year earlier, and its box office was affected.[25]Warner Bros.decided to releaseMad Max 2in the United States, but, recognising the first film was not well-known in North America (although it was becoming more popular through cable channel showings), they decided to change the name of the sequel toThe Road Warrior.The advertising for the film, including print ads, trailers, and TV commercials, did not refer to the Max character at all and shied away from the fact that the film was a sequel. For the majority of American viewers, their first inkling ofThe Road Warriorbeing a sequel toMad Maxwas when they saw the black and white, archival footage from the first film during the prologue of the second. WhenVestron Videolater releasedMad Maxon home video, they capitalized by labeling it "the thrilling predecessor toThe Road Warrior".

Outside of the U.S., the film earned rentals of $25 million (including Australia), for a worldwide total of $36 million,[3]making it thehighest-grossing Australian filmworldwide.[26]

Critical response[edit]

The film received positive reviews and is regarded by many critics as one of the best films of 1981.[27][28]Onreview aggregatorwebsiteRotten Tomatoes,the film holds an approval rating of 94% based on reviews from 62 critics, with an average rating of 8.40/10; the site's "critics consensus" reads: "The Road Warrioris everything a bigger-budgetedMad Maxsequel should be: bigger, faster, louder, but definitely not dumber. "[29]OnMetacritic,the film has a rating of 77 out of 100 based on 15 reviews, indicating "generally favourable reviews".[30]

Film criticRoger Ebertof theChicago Sun-Timesgave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, praised its "skillful filmmaking", and called it "a film of pure action, of kinetic energy", which is "one of the most relentlessly aggressive movies ever made". While Ebert pointed out the film does not develop its "vision of a violent future world... with characters and dialogue", and uses only the "barest possible bones of a plot", he praised its action sequences. Ebert called the climactic chase sequence "unbelievably well-sustained" and stated that the "special effects and stunts... are spectacular", creating a "frightening, sometimes disgusting, and (if the truth be told) exhilarating" effect.[31]

In his review forThe New York Times,Vincent Canbywrote: "Never has a film's vision of thepost-nuclear-holocaustworld seemed quite as desolate and as brutal, or as action-packed and sometimes as funny as in George Miller's apocalypticThe Road Warrior,an extravagant film fantasy that looks like a sadomasochistic comic book come to life ".[9]Writing forNewsweek,Charles Michener praised Mel Gibson's "easy, unswaggering masculinity", saying that "[his] hint of Down Under humor may be quintessentially Australian but is also the stuff of an international male star".[32]

Gary Arnold, in his review forThe Washington Post,wrote: "While he seems to let triumph slip out of his grasp, Miller is still a prodigious talent, capable of a scenic and emotional amplitude that recalls the most stirring attributes in great action directors likeKurosawa,PeckinpahandLeone".[33]Pauline KaelcalledMad Max 2a "mutant" film that was "sprung from virtually all action genres", creating "one continuous spurt of energy" by using "jangly, fast editing", but criticised Miller's "attempt to tap into the universal concept of the hero", stating that this attempt "makes the film joyless", "sappy", and "sentimental".[34]

Richard Scheib calledMad Max 2"one of the few occasions where a sequel makes a dramatic improvement in quality over its predecessor." He called it a "kinetic comic-book of a film" and an "exhilarating non-stop rollercoaster ride of a film that contains some of the most exciting stunts and car crashes ever put on screen." Scheib stated that the film transforms the "post-holocaust landscape into the equivalent of a Western frontier", such that "Mel Gibson's Max could just as easily beClint Eastwood's tight-lippedMan With No Name"helping protect" decent frightened folk "from the" marauding Redskins ".[4]

Christopher John reviewedThe Road WarriorinAres Magazine#13 and commented that "Its taut scripting, exceptional performances, and pulse-pounding pacing, which leaves an audience breathless, combined to make it one of the best SF films of the year. It also has the courage to show what the face of deathreallylooks like. Mel Gibson's portrayal of Max is hard, bitter and realistic; he is neither hero nor coward, but a man caught up in a mad future which he confronts unafraid. "[35]The Encyclopedia of Science FictionsaysMad Max 2,"with all its comic-strip energy and vividness... isexploitation cinemaat its most inventive. "[36]

Accolades[edit]

At the24th Australian Film Institute Awards,the film wonBest Direction,Best Editing,Best Production Design,Best Sound,andBest Costume Design,and it was nominated forBest CinematographyandBest Original Music Score;it received the most nominations and wins of any film at the ceremony, but it was not nominated forBest Film.At theAcademy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films'10th Saturn Awards,the film won the award forBest International Filmand generated nominations forBest Director,Best Actor(Mel Gibson),Best Supporting Actor(Bruce Spence),Best Writing,andBest Costumes.Additionally, the film won theLos Angeles Film Critics AssociationAward forBest Foreign Filmand was nominated for theHugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation,andGeorge Millerwon the Grand Prize at the Avoriaz Fantastic Film Festival for his work on the film.[37]

Legacy[edit]

The film's depiction of a post-apocalyptic future has so widely influenced other filmmakers and science fiction writers that its gritty "junkyard society of the future look... is almost taken for granted in the modern science-fiction action film."[4]Thedystopian,apocalyptic,andpost-apocalypticthemes and imagery in theMad Maxseries of films have inspired some artists to recreate the look and feel of some aspects of the series in their work, and fan clubs and "road warrior" -themed activities continue into the 21st century.

In 2008,Mad Max 2was selected byEmpiremagazine as one of "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time".[38]Similarly,The New York Timesplaced the film on its "Best 1000 Movies Ever" list.[39]Entertainment WeeklyrankedMad Max 293rd on its list of the "100 Greatest Movies of All Time" in 1999 and 41st on its updated list of the "All-Time 100 Greatest Films" in 2013, and the publication ranked the character of Mad Max 11th on its list of "The All Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture".[40]In 2016, James Charisma ofPlayboyranked the film 11th on a list of "15 Sequels That Are Way Better Than the Originals".[41]

A museum dedicated toMad Max 2was established in 2010 in the small town ofSilverton(which is 25 kilometres fromBroken HillinNew South Wales) by Adrian and Linda Bennett, who had built a collection ofMad Maxprops and memorabilia after moving to Silverton.[42]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^As depicted inMad Max(1979).
  2. ^Revealed by a set of postcards to be theSunshine Coast.

References[edit]

  1. ^"Mad Max 2(18) ".British Board of Film Classification.19 January 1982.Retrieved19 March2015.
  2. ^abcdStratton, David (1990).The Avocado Plantation: Boom and Bust in the Australian Film Industry.Pan MacMillan. pp. 81–84.
  3. ^abc"Foreign Vs. Domestic Rentals".Variety.11 January 1989. p. 24.
  4. ^abcScheib, Richard (1990)."Mad Max 2 aka The Road Warrior".Moria. Archived fromthe originalon 20 May 2010.Retrieved24 May2010.
  5. ^Mad Max 2 / The Road Warrior Filming Locations.Madmaxmovies.com. Retrieved on 18 November 2011.
  6. ^"Readers polls".Rolling Stone.Archived fromthe originalon 19 June 2018.Retrieved4 September2017.
  7. ^Valls Oyarzun, Eduardo; Gualberto Valverde, Rebeca; Malla García, Noelia; Colom Jiménez, María; Cordero Sánchez, Rebeca, eds. (2020). "17".Avenging nature: the role of nature in modern and contemporary art and literature.Ecocritical theory and practice. Lanham Boulder NewYork London: Lexington Books.ISBN978-1-7936-2144-3.
  8. ^abcCorliss, Richard (10 May 1982)."Apocalypse... Pow!".Time.Archived fromthe originalon 13 January 2009.Retrieved24 May2010.
  9. ^abcCanby, Vincent(28 April 1982)."Road Warrior".The New York Times.Retrieved24 May2010.has a film's vision of the post-nuclear-holocaust world seemed quite as desolate and as brutal, or as action-packed and sometimes as funny as in George Miller's apocalypticThe Road Warrior,an extravagant film fantasy that looks like a sadomasochistic comic book come to life.
  10. ^abDanny Peary on "Mad Max 2/The Road Warrior.".Thefilmist.wordpress.com. Retrieved on 18 November 2011.
  11. ^Top 10 Movie Henchmen.Empireonline.com. Retrieved on 18 November 2011.
  12. ^Loder, Kurt (29 August 1985)."Mad Max: The Heroes of 'Thunderdome'".Rolling Stone.No. 455. Archived fromthe originalon 2 May 2015.Retrieved17 May2015.
  13. ^Specter, Michael (15 August 1982)."Myths Shape a Movie From Australia".The New York Times.Archived fromthe originalon 17 May 2015.Retrieved17 May2015.
  14. ^Barra, Allen (15 August 1999)."FILM; A Road Warrior Is Still on a Roll".The New York Times.Archived fromthe originalon 6 December 2014.Retrieved17 May2015.
  15. ^Moran, Albert; Vieth, Errol (21 July 2009).The A to Z of Australian and New Zealand Cinema(PDF).Lanham, Maryland:The Scarecrow Press.p. 174.ISBN978-0810868311.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 17 May 2015.Retrieved17 May2015.
  16. ^Das, Abhimanyu (8 May 2015)."The Craziest Stories About The Making of Mad Max and the Road Warrior".io9.Gawker Media.Archived fromthe originalon 9 May 2015.Retrieved17 May2015.
  17. ^"Silverton Sights".Discover Silverton.Silverton Village Committee. Archived fromthe originalon 12 April 2015.Retrieved18 May2015.
  18. ^Bennett, Adrian (21 May 2012)."Directions from George, Menindee Rd".ABC Online.Australian Broadcasting Corporation.Archived fromthe originalon 18 May 2015.Retrieved18 May2015.
  19. ^Ratcliffe, Jenia (27 July 2012)."A step back in time with Mad Max 2".ABC Online.Australian Broadcasting Corporation.Archived fromthe originalon 18 May 2015.Retrieved18 May2015.
  20. ^Austin, Henry (20 August 2022)."Mad Max 2's Coolest Stunt Was A Total Accident".ScreenRant.Retrieved28 January2024.
  21. ^Osborne, Jerry (2010).Movie/TV Soundtracks and Original Cast Recordings Price and Reference Guide.Port Townsend, Washington:Osborne Enterprises Publishing. p. 489.ISBN978-0932117373.
  22. ^"Mad Max II / The Road Warrior (1982)".TPG Telecom.2 December 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 4 March 2015.Retrieved14 May2015.
  23. ^abFilm Victoria – Australian Films at the Australian Box OfficeRetrieved 19 March 2012
  24. ^"Box Office Information forMad Max 2".Box Office Mojo.Retrieved10 April2020.
  25. ^"Mad Max - Box Office Data".The Numbers.com.2015.Retrieved31 January2015.
  26. ^Groves, Don (5 November 1986). "Aussie Gator Grappler Kayos Mad Max".Variety.p. 3.
  27. ^"The Greatest Films of 1981".Filmsite.org.Retrieved21 May2010.
  28. ^"The Best Movies of 1981 by Rank".Films101.com. Archived fromthe originalon 16 June 2010.Retrieved21 May2010.
  29. ^"The Road WarriorMovie Reviews, Pictures ".Rotten Tomatoes.Flixster.Retrieved21 September2023.
  30. ^Mad Max 2atMetacriticEdit this at Wikidata
  31. ^Ebert, Roger (1 January 1981)."Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior".RogerEbert.com.
  32. ^Michener, Charles (31 May 1982). "Shanein Black Leather ".Newsweek.
  33. ^Arnold, Gary (20 August 1982). "TheWarriorWestern Back on the Road Again ".The Washington Post.
  34. ^Kael, Pauline."Mad Max 2/The Road Warrior".Geocities.ws.Archived fromthe originalon 28 March 2012.Retrieved18 May2015.
  35. ^John, Christopher (Winter 1983). "Film & Television".Ares Magazine(13).TSR, Inc.:40, 43.
  36. ^Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (November 1995).The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.London:St. Martin's Press.ISBN031213486X.
  37. ^"Mad Max 2:Award Wins and Nominations ".IMDb.com.Retrieved21 May2010.
  38. ^"Empire'sThe 500 Greatest Movies of All Time ".Empire.Retrieved21 May2010.
  39. ^"The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made".The New York Times.29 April 2003.Retrieved21 May2010.
  40. ^"Entertainment Weekly's20 All Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture ".Entertainment Weekly.Archived fromthe originalon 6 January 2010.Retrieved24 May2010.
  41. ^Charisma, James (15 March 2016)."Revenge of the Movie: 15 Sequels That Are Way Better Than The Originals".Playboy.Archived fromthe originalon 26 July 2016.Retrieved19 July2016.
  42. ^"Mad Max Museum".Discover SIlverton.SIlverton Village Committee. Archived fromthe originalon 6 April 2019.Retrieved6 August2019.

External links[edit]