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Marion Maréchal

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"Marion Le Pen" redirects here. For her aunt Marion Anne Perrine "Marine" Le Pen, seeMarine Le Pen.

Marion Maréchal
Marion Maréchal in 2022
Member of the European Parliament
forFrance
Assumed office
16 July 2024
Member of theNational AssemblyforVaucluse's3rd constituency
In office
20 June 2012 – 20 June 2017
Preceded byJean-Michel Ferrand
Succeeded byBrune Poirson
Executive President ofReconquête
In office
19 April 2022 – 12 June 2024
PresidentÉric Zemmour
Personal details
Born
Marion Jeanne Caroline Le Pen

(1989-12-10)10 December 1989(age 34)
Saint-Germain-en-Laye,France
Political partyIndependentmember ofEuropean Conservatives and Reformists(since 2024)
Other political
affiliations		National Rally(2008–2019)
Reconquête(2022–2024)
Spouse(s)
Matthieu Decosse
​
​
(m.2014;div.2016)​

​
(m.2021)​
Children2
Parents
RelativesJean-Marie Le Pen(grandfather)
Pierrette Le Pen(grandmother)
Marine Le Pen(aunt)
Marie-Caroline Le Pen(aunt)
Philippe Olivier(uncle)
Jordan Bardella(cousin-in-law)
ResidenceSaint-Cloud
Alma materParis 2 Panthéon-Assas University
OccupationEducator•Politician

Marion Jeanne Caroline Maréchal(French:[maʁjɔ̃maʁeʃal];néeLe Pen,born 10 December 1989), known asMarion Maréchal-Le Penfrom 2010 to 2018, is a Frenchfar-rightpolitician and member of theEuropean Parliament.She is part of theLe Pen family,as the granddaughter ofNational Front(renamed National Rally in 2018) founderJean-Marie Le Penand niece of its later leaderMarine Le Pen.

Maréchal is a former member of the National Front (FN) and served as the member of theNational Assemblyfor the3rd constituencyofVauclusefrom 2012 to 2017. Aged 22 years at the time of her election, she became France's youngest parliamentarian in modern political history. After the2015 regional election,for which she received the best result for an FN candidate, she became the Leader of the Opposition in theRegional CouncilofProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

In 2017, Maréchal did not seek reelection as a member of the National Assembly and resigned as a regional councillor. She founded theInstitut des sciences sociales, économiques et politiques[fr](ISSEP), a private school, in 2018. In 2022, she joinedÉric Zemmour'sReconquêteparty. She headed the party's list for theEuropean Parliamentin the2024 election,before being expelled from the party by Zemmour on 12 June 2024 due to calling on voters to support RN candidates in the2024 snap legislative election.

Family background

[edit]

Maréchal was born on 10 December 1989 inSaint-Germain-en-Laye,Yvelines,Île-de-France.[1]

Her grandfather, Jean-Marie Le Pen, founded the Front National party on 5 October 1972. Her auntMarine Le Penhas been FN president since 16 January 2011, with Jean-Marie Le Pen first becoming honorary chairman and later excluded in August 2015.[2]Her mother Yann Le Pen, Jean-Marie Le Pen's second daughter, does not carry out any official duties within the FN. Her fatherSamuel Maréchal[fr]was the leader of the Front National Youth movement (FNJ) for seven years (1992–1999).[3]She featured with her grandfather in a campaign poster at the age of two.[4]

In a book entitledThe Conquerors(Les Conquérantes) launched on 18 November 2013, the French journalistChristine Clercrevealed that Samuel Maréchal is not her biological father.[5]On 7 November 2013, the French weeklynews magazineL'Expressdisclosed that her biological father wasRoger Auque,a French diplomat and investigative journalist.[5]On 8 November, Marion Maréchal announced that she was suingL'Expressfor a "serious invasion of her privacy".[6][7]She won her case in April 2015.[8]

Maréchal married businessman Matthieu Decosse on 29 July 2014, at theSaint-Cloudtown hall.[9]Their daughter was born that September.[10]They divorced in 2016.[11]

Maréchal became engaged to Italian politicianVincenzo Sofoin 2018. The couple married on 11 September 2021.[12]Maréchal gave birth to a second child, her daughter Clotilde, on 10 June 2022.[13]

Academic studies

[edit]

Until 2012, Maréchal was enrolled inPanthéon-Assas University's masters of public business law.[14]On 14 November 2012, she wrote in an official statement that she had decided to put aside her studies in order to dedicate herself to her office.[15]

After retiring from politics in 2017, Marion Marechal enrolled in aMaster of Business Administration(MBA) atEmlyon Business School.[16]

Initial political career

[edit]

About her early interest in politics, Maréchal explained: "Contrary to what everyone thinks, in my family we didn’t talk about politics at home and we were free to make our own choices. I became interested in politics around 15 or 16 and in various approaches, not necessarily FN". As a teenager she once attended a meeting addressed byNicolas Sarkozy,"out of curiosity" because he "intrigued" her. She added: "I very quickly came down to earth." At the age of 18, she became a member of the FN.[17]

Early career (2008–2010)

[edit]
Main article:2008 French municipal elections

She was a candidate in seventh position on the FN list inSaint-Cloud,Hauts-de-Seine, in the 2008 municipal elections.[18]She was not elected, for the FN list only got 6.29% with one municipal councillor elected from the first round.[19]

Main article:2010 French regional elections

In the 2010 regional elections, she figured in second position on the FN departmental list in theYvelines,Île-de-France.[20]Marie-Christine Arnautu's FN list, which polled 9.29% in the whole of Île-de-France in the first round,[21]could not take part in the run-off, given that a list must cross a threshold of 10% of the valid votes at a regional level. Because of the process of elimination, she was not elected in the Île-de-France's regional council.[22]

National Assembly (2012–2017)

[edit]
Vaucluse's 3rd constituencyhighlighted in green

Maréchal's parliamentary candidacy in Vaucluse's 3rd constituency was publicly confirmed on 25 April 2012, between the first round of thepresidential electionand its run-off.[23][24]After her candidacy was made official by the FN nomination committee, she then campaigned in this constituency which includes the southern part ofCarpentras.[3][17][22][25]In the first round of the presidential elections, Marine Le Pen had achieved her highest national performance in Vaucluse (27.03%)[26]and most notably in this constituency (31.50%) where she outdistanced the UMP incumbent president Nicolas Sarkozy (27.60%).[3][22][25]

In therun-offon 17 June 2012, she defeated the incumbent MPJean-Michel Ferrand,who had continuously sat in the National Assembly for twenty-six years (Rally for the Republic:1986–2002,Union for a Popular Movement:2002–2012).[27]At the age of 22, she became the youngest person to enter the French Parliament in modern political history (Louis Antoine de Saint-Just,at 24 years old in 1791, was the previous youngest MP).[3][28]

She andGilbert Collardbecame the first members of the National Front to win seats in the National Assembly since 1997.[29][30][31]

Rise within the FN (2012)

[edit]
Marion Maréchal in 2012

In early July 2012 Maréchal became a member of the National Front's executive board.[32]On 23 September 2012, she made her first public speech in front of 1,000 participants at the FN summer school inLa Baule-Escoublac.[33]

Local politics: Sorgues (2013–2014)

[edit]
Main article:2014 French municipal elections

During a press conference held on 30 October 2013, she officially announced her appearance as a fellow candidate on a municipal list atSorgues,a town of 18,000 inhabitants located to the north ofAvignonin the western part of her constituency.[34][35]She decided to figure in tenth position on this local list led by Gérard Gérent, then an independent councillor belonging to the UMP municipal majority and a former deputy mayor of Sorgues.[36][37]

In the first round of the 2012 presidential elections, Marine Le Pen had polled 36.02% at Sorgues[38]whereas Marion Maréchal got there 37.65% in the first round and 44.36% in the run-off of the following legislative elections.[39]

In the first round on 23 March 2014, the FN list led by Gérard Gérent, which was defeated by the one of the UMP incumbent mayor Thierry Lagneau, came second with 33.80% (2,861 votes) with the election of five municipal councillors and two community councillors.[40]Consequently, she was not elected as a municipal councillor at Sorgues.

Regional candidacy in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (2015)

[edit]
Main article:2015 French regional elections
Electoral posters inSaint-Didier, Vaucluse

In April 2015, Marion Maréchal was chosen by her party to be the leading FN candidate in the southeastern region ofProvence-Alpes-Côte d’Azurin that year's regional elections, after her grandfather was expelled for his remarks on the Holocaust.[41]She did not support his expulsion.[42]The elections came a month afteran Islamist terror attackwhich killed 130 people in Paris. Maréchal reacted on television by declaring that "Today, we can see that immigration has become favorable terrain for the development of Islamism".[43]

In the first round of voting, she won 40.55% of the vote, becoming one of six FN candidates to lead a region.[44]Socialist candidate Christophe Castaner then withdrew, to avoid splitting the vote forThe Republicans' mayor ofNice,Christian Estrosi.[45]In the second round of voting, no FN candidate won a region, with Maréchal losing to Estrosi by 54.78% to 45.22%.[46]She received the best result for a National Front candidate, Marine Le Pen in comparison obtaining 42% in theNord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardieregion.[47][48]

Political hiatus

[edit]
Maréchal speaking at the 2018Conservative Political Action Conference

In 2018, she founded theInstitut des sciences sociales, économiques et politiques[fr](ISSEP) inLyon.[49]

Between 2017 and 2019, she was seen as a potential candidate for the2022 presidential election.[50]

After a hiatus of two years from political life,[51]Marion Maréchal appeared at a political convention in Paris on 28 September 2019 with right-wing political writerÉric Zemmour.[52]The convention was part of an effort by members of the French far-right to unite the extreme and moderate wings of right-wing politics in France and develop a viable conservative candidacy for the 2022 French presidential election.[53]Marion Maréchal has since become a leading figure of the Union of the Right (l’Union des droites) project to form a unified conservative front in France.[54]

Maréchal signed theMadrid Charter,a document drafted by thefar-rightSpanish partyVoxthat describes left-wing groups as enemies ofIbero-Americainvolved in a "criminal project" that are "under the umbrella of the Cuban regime".[55]

Re-entering politics

[edit]

Maréchal re-entered the political scene in March 2022, supporting the candidacy of Éric Zemmour in the 2022 French presidential election. She formalised her support for Zemmour at a large rally inToulonon 6 March 2022, after a long period of speculation about her political future.[56]

She was elected to the European Parliament as the head of the party list forReconquêteon 9 June 2024. On 12 June 2024, she was expelled fromReconquêteby Zemmour after she called on French citizens to vote for National Rally candidates in the upcoming2024 legislative election.[57][58]She has since joined theEuropean Conservatives and Reformistsparliamentary group.[59]

Political views

[edit]

As of 2013Maréchal's political, cultural and foreign policy views reflected the then consensus of the FN.[60]

Maréchal is more on the right than theFN's political line.[61]When she was the vice-president of the party, she embodied itsidentitarian-liberalline.[62]Moreover, she believes in thegreat replacement theory.[63]

According to the Frenchpolitical scientistJoël Gombin, Marion Maréchal would be more the actual heiress ofJean-Marie Le PenthanMarine Le Penat the strategic level.[64]

Social positions

[edit]

Maréchal has stated that her party has supported the 'defense of the family' for a very long time.[65]Along withGilbert Collardand other FN senior executives, she took part in the mass demonstrations againstsame-sex marriageorganized inParisbyLa Manif pour tousmovement in the first half of the year 2013.[60][65]

Maréchal believes that Muslims can be French only if they follow the Christianity-shaped culture, saying that "In our country, we don't weardjellabaclothing, we don't wear a veil, and we don't impose cathedral-sized mosques. "[42]

She is opposed to the reinstatement ofcapital punishment:"In a private capacity, I am against the reinstatement of capital punishment, since this would impose an extremely difficult choice on judges. And whatever happens, the horrifying possibility of amiscarriage of justiceis ever-present, no matter how minimally. I prefer the alternative oflife imprisonmentwithout the possibility ofparole."[66]

Academic Cécile Alduy described Maréchal as a "paradoxical character" who dresses and speaks in a modern way while promoting social conservatism.[42]Conservative American former vice presidential candidateSarah Palinpraised Maréchal-Le Pen for her societal beliefs, and compared her toJoan of Arc.[67]FormerCounselor to the Presidentand former executive chair ofBreitbart NewsSteve Bannonalso praised her, referring to her as "the new rising star"; afterwards Maréchal Le-Pen said onTwitterthat she was willing to work with him.[68]

Foreign policy and EU issues

[edit]

Maréchal was a member of the France–Russia[69]and France−Ivory Coast[70]parliamentary friendship groups.

On 10 December 2012, Maréchal took part in an international parliamentary forum organized inMoscowby theState Duma.[71]On 22 January 2013, she was present in theReichstagat the commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the signing of theÉlysée Treatyby French PresidentCharles de Gaulleand German ChancellorKonrad Adenauer.[72]In a written statement, she said that the treaty was originally based on the cooperation and partnership between two sovereign states and denounced the "forced march towards a German federal Europe".[73]

On 29 September 2013, Maréchal attended a political event organized by theVlaams BelanginBoom,nearAntwerp.[74]On this occasion, she explained: "It is important that a front of patriotic and euro-critical parties form in sight ofEuropean elections,which is the case, and get some good results in order to lead resistance toEuroandglobalism."[75]

Initially, Maréchal supported recognition ofPalestinian statehood,but agreed to abstain from a vote on the issue in 2014, following discussions with the FN's executive board.[76][77]However, by 2024, she described recognition of a Palestinian state as tantamount to creating an "Islamist state" that would pose a danger toIsraeland to the West.[78]

On 12 November 2023, she took part in theMarch for the Republic and Against Antisemitismin Paris in response to therise of anti-Semitism in Francesince the start of theIsrael–Hamas war.[79]

Parliamentary career

[edit]

Along with Gilbert Collard, Maréchal introduced on 7 December 2012 a constitutionalprivate member's billconcerning the appointment of the members of theConstitutional Council of France.[80]

For the beginning of the fourteenth legislature, Maréchal cosigned four private member's bills[1]including one constitutional forbidding marriage between same-sex persons[81]and one organic which aims at enforcing the article 68 of theConstitution of Franceestablishing a process ofimpeachmentfor thePresident of the Republic.[82]

According to the rules of the National Assembly, an unregistered person sitting in Parliament can question the government orally every eight sessions.[83][84]Maréchal asked three oral questions for the beginning of the legislature: in 2013, toManuel Valls,Minister of the Interiorabout the policy regardingRomani people[85]and toMarisol Touraine,Minister of HealthandSocial Affairsabout the fight againstwelfare fraud;[86]in 2014, toNicole Bricq,Minister for Foreign Trade about theTransatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.[87]

In a written parliamentary question addressed in May 2013 toValérie Fourneyron,Minister of Sports, Youth Affairs, Popular Education and Community Life,Maréchal drew her attention to the poor treatmentrugby leaguereceives in France from the government and the media, regretting the banning of this sport during the Vichy regime.[88][89]

In April 2015, because of his intense anti-FN campaign in thedepartmental elections,Maréchal criticized the "cretinous contempt" ( "mépris crétin" ) of Socialist Prime MinisterManuel Vallsin parliament, which appeared to fluster Valls.[4][90][91]After it had become a viral video,[4]Maréchal explained it was a reference toMichel Onfray,who had called Valls a "crétin" when the Prime Minister accused him of "losing his bearings."[92][93]

Political committees

[edit]
  • Member of the National Assembly for Vaucluse's 3rd constituency, 20 June 2012 – 20 June 2017 (14th legislature)[1]
    • Member of the standing committee for cultural affairs and education, 28 June 2012 – 30 September 2013[1]— Member of the standing committee on Foreign Affairs, 1 October 2013 – 20 June 2017[94]
    • Member of the study groupsHeritage[95]— Policies on rurality[96]—Shale gas[97]
    • Member of the friendship groups France–Russiaand France−Ivory Coast

One of the six youngest members of the new Assembly, Maréchal served on 26 June 2012 as a secretary during the opening of the fourteenth legislature presided over by the most senior memberFrançois Scellier.[98]

Maréchal was an independent member of the National Assembly. Her seat (number 67) was located between the ones ofGilbert Collard(number 66, on her right) andJacques Bompard(number 68, on her left).[99]The National Assembly has included eight unregistered MPs since 30 August 2013.[100][101]

References

[edit]
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  81. ^Collard, Gilbert (6 November 2012)."Constitutional private member's bill forbidding the marriage between same-sex persons (n°341, cosignatories: Jacques Bompard & MMLP)"(in French). National Assembly (France).Retrieved25 December2012.
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