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Maxime Faget

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Maxime Faget
Born
Maxime Allen Faget

(1921-08-26)August 26, 1921
Stann Creek Town,British Honduras
(nowDangriga,Belize)
DiedOctober 9, 2004(2004-10-09)(aged 83)
Houston,Texas,United States
Other namesMax Faget
Alma materCity College of San Francisco
Louisiana State University,B.S. 1943
OccupationEngineer
Known forDesigner of theMercurycapsule
AwardsASME Medal(1975)
Space shuttle model, created by Faget, April 1, 1969

Maxime Allen "Max" Faget[1][2](pronouncedfah-ZHAY;August 26, 1921 – October 9, 2004) was an Americanmechanical engineer.Faget was the designer of theMercuryspacecraft,and contributed to the laterGeminiandApollospacecraft as well as theSpace Shuttle.

Life

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Faget was the son of American doctorGuy Henry Faget,and great-grandson of another prominent physician,Jean Charles Faget.Born in Stann Creek Town,British Honduras(todayDangriga,Belize), he attendedCity College of San FranciscoinSan Francisco, California,and he received aBachelor of Sciencedegree inmechanical engineeringfromLouisiana State Universityin 1943.[3]

After three years as asubmarineraboardUSSGuavinain theU.S. Navy,Faget joined theLangley Research CenterinHampton, Virginiaas a research scientist. While working forNACAat Langley, he worked on the design of theX-15hypersonic spacecraft.[4]

In 1958, Faget became one of the 35 engineers who formed theSpace Task Group,creating the Mercury spacecraft. He based his designs on the aerodynamic work ofHarvey Allenfrom the mid-1950s, and was instrumental in selecting the blunt-body shape that won theMercurycompetition over numerous contenders.[5]He led the development of the escape tower system used on Mercury, which was used in various forms on almost all following crewed spacecraft. He also worked on theGeminiandApollovehicles, which shared many design points with the Mercury.[6]

Faget filed a patent for a space shuttle vehicle design in 1972. His design, which he named "DC-3"in homage to the famedDouglas DC-3airliner, was a small two-stage fully reusable shuttle with a payload capacity around 15,000 pounds (6,800 kg). DC-3 was officially studied byNorth American Aviationand shown in the press as a baseline contender for theSpace Transportation System(STS). North American also studied a version of the same basic system with a much larger 50,000 pounds (23,000 kg) payload. However, the DC-3's nose-high re-entry profile was controversial, and eventually doomed it when theU.S. Air Forcejoined the Shuttle program and demanded cross-range performance that the DC-3 could not meet. In the end, its most lasting contribution was to clearly identify the trade-offs inherent in any reusable design.[7]

In 1962 Faget became the Director of Engineering and Development at theManned Spacecraft Center[3]and continued to work for NASA until his retirement in 1981, shortly after the second Space Shuttle flight (STS-2). After his retirement, he was among the founders ofSpace Industries Inc.,established in 1982. One of the projects of the company was theWake Shield Facility,a device to create near-perfectvacuumin thethermosphere.The WSF flew three times with a Space Shuttle in 1994–96 (STS-60,STS-69,STS-80).

In 1962, Faget received the Golden Plate Award of theAmerican Academy of Achievement.[8]Faget was inducted into the 1969 National Inventors Hall of Fame, and received theNASA Outstanding Leadership MedalandJohn J. Montgomery Award.He was inducted into the HoustonNational Space Hall of Famein 1969.[9]He was inducted into theInternational Space Hall of Famein 1990.[10]Faget was inducted into theNational Aviation Hall of Famein 2020.[11]

Faget died ofbladder canceron October 9, 2004, aged 83.

Patents

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Faget was co-inventor on five United States patents issued to Space Industries, Inc. between 1988 and 1992:

Patent No. Title
U.S. patent 4,728,061 Spacecraft operable in two alternative flight modes
U.S. patent 4,747,567 Spacecraft with articulated solar array
U.S. patent 4,834,325 Modular spacecraft system
U.S. patent 4,903,919 Apparatus and method for docking spacecraft
U.S. patent 5,104,070 Structural latch for vehicle coupling mechanisms

MAX-1 spacecraft

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Theprivate spaceflightorganizationCopenhagen Suborbitalswas developing a piloted spacecraft named after Faget, theMAX-1,but the project was halted due to issues around the effects of rapid acceleration of humans in a standing position.[12]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Max Faget".
  2. ^"Maxime Faget, 83; Pioneering Aerospace Engineer Designed Mercury Capsule".The New York Times.12 October 2004.
  3. ^abGarber, Steve."Biographical Data Dr. Maxime A. Faget".History.NASA.gov.Updated October 15, 2004 by Steve Garber, NASA History Web Curator.Retrieved3 April2015.
  4. ^Allen, Bob (2015-08-03)."Maxime A. Faget".NASA.Retrieved2018-08-13.
  5. ^Chaikin, Andrew (November 2009)."How the Spaceship Got Its Shape: In the 1950s: Harvey Allen solved the problem of atmospheric entry but first he had to convince his colleagues".Smithsonian.Washington DC:Smithsonian Institution.
  6. ^Oberg, James."Max Faget: Master Builder".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-02-02.Retrieved2007-01-12.
  7. ^Marcus Lindroos,MSC/North American Concept-A "DC-3"Archived2012-03-16 at theWayback Machine
  8. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement".www.achievement.org.American Academy of Achievement.
  9. ^Harbert, Nancy (September 27, 1981)."Hall to Induct Seven Space Pioneers".Albuquerque Journal.Albuquerque, New Mexico. p. 53 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^Sheppard, David (September 27, 1990)."Slayton to Join Space Hall of Fame".El Paso Times.El Paso, Texas. p. 9 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^"Enshrinee Maxime Faget".nationalaviation.org.National Aviation Hall of Fame.Retrieved3 February2023.
  12. ^Madsen Peter (August 18, 2012)."Store nyheder om store raketter".Ingeniøren.Archived fromthe originalon August 21, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
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