Merauke
Merauke | |
|---|---|
 Lingkaran Brawijaya (Libra) 969monument in Merauke | |
OpenStreetMap  | |
  Merauke Location inWestern New GuineaandIndonesia  Merauke Merauke (Indonesia) | |
| Coordinates:8°28′S140°20′E/ 8.467°S 140.333°E | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Province | South Papua |
| Regency | Merauke Regency |
| Government | |
| • Head of district | Kristian Ndiken |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,445.63 km2(558.16 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 Census) | |
| • Total | 102,351 |
| • Density | 71/km2(180/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Demographics | |
| • Languages | Auyu,Kolopom,Mandobo,Marind,Muyu,Mombum(natives)Javanese(dominant), and others |
| Time zone | UTC+9(Indonesia Eastern Time) |
| Area code | (+62) 975 |
| Climate | Aw |
| Website | http://www.merauke.go.id |
Merauke,also known as theDistrict of Merauke,is a large town inSouth Papua,Indonesia.It is also the administrative centre ofMerauke Regency.It is considered the easternmost city in Indonesia. The town was originally calledErmasoe.[2]It is next to theMaro Riverwhere the Port of Merauke is located.[3]As of the2010 census,Merauke had a population of 87,634[4]which at the 2020 Census had increased to 102,351.[5]
History[edit]
Merauke was established in February 1902 as a military post by theDutch,to prevent raids by theMarind-animinto neighbouringBritish New Guineaand the northwestTorres Strait Islands(Boigu,DauanandSaibai). The Dutch also tried to establish a rice colony there to no avail.
The Cathedral of St. Francis Xavier in Merauke is the seat of theRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Merauke.
Merauke was the site of anAlliedair and naval base,Naval Base Merauke,duringWorld War IIand there was ground fighting betweenAustralianandJapanesepatrols in the area.[6]
In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Merauke was used as a transit point between Java, and theBoven-Digoelinternment camp where manyIndonesian Communist Partymembers were being sent.
The expression "Sabangto Merauke "is used as shorthand for the territorial extent of Indonesia from west to east, for instance in the name ofSabang Merauke Raya Air Charter.For instance, PresidentSuhartostated in 1968 that "independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity from Sabang to Merauke are for the Indonesian people matters of principle".[7]
Climate[edit]
Merauke has atropical savanna climate(KöppenAw) with moderate to little rainfall from May to November and heavy rainfall from December to April.
| Climate data for Merauke (2000–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.9 (93.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
35.6 (96.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
36.1 (97.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.4 (88.5) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.6 (87.1) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.5 (86.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
30.8 (87.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
23.2 (73.8) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.9 (76.8) |
23.8 (74.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 20.0 (68.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.9 (66.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
17.2 (63.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
17.2 (63.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.4 (57.9) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 279.0 (10.98) |
278.0 (10.94) |
329.2 (12.96) |
230.4 (9.07) |
170.3 (6.70) |
58.7 (2.31) |
35.4 (1.39) |
66.3 (2.61) |
21.6 (0.85) |
53.0 (2.09) |
96.5 (3.80) |
165.5 (6.52) |
1,783.9 (70.22) |
| Average precipitation days | 14.7 | 14.7 | 15.7 | 12.9 | 9.8 | 8.3 | 6.8 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 10.3 | 109 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 84 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 83 |
| Source 1: Meteomanz[8] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:Deutscher Wetterdienst(extremes)[9]Danish Meteorological Institute(humidity)[10] | |||||||||||||
Education[edit]
Merauke hosts theMusamus Merauke University,a state-run public university. It was founded as an academy in 2001 and officially became university in 2006.
Merauke as the name[edit]
Merauke is used for the name ofUnited Statesnavy ship,USS Merauke (ID-2498).
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^A Dictionary of the Aneityumese Language: In Two Parts, I. Aneityumese and English, II. English and Aneityumese; Also, Outlines of Aneityumese Grammar, and an IntroductionbyJohn Inglis,Williams & Norgate,1882
- ^Port of Merauke
- ^Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ^Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^Klemen, L."The last Dutch fortress in the East Indies - Merauke, Dutch New Guinea, 1942".The Netherlands East Indies 1941-1942.
- ^"Transcript: Speech given by President Suharto at state dinner in honour of the Australian prime minister, Mr. John Gorton"(PDF).Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 13 June 1968.
- ^"SYNOP/BUFR observations. Data by months".Meteomanz.Retrieved21 March2024.
- ^"Klimatafel von Merauke"(PDF)(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst.Retrieved23 July2020.
- ^"STATION NUMMER 97980"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 27 April 2013.Retrieved23 July2020.
Regencies and cities ofSouth Papua | ||
|---|---|---|
Capital:Salor | ||
| Regencies |  | |
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
8°28′S140°20′E/ 8.467°S 140.333°E
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