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Midnight Oil

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Midnight Oil
Midnight Oil at Vieilles Charrues Festival, 2022
Midnight Oil atVieilles Charrues Festival,2022
Background information
Also known asFarm (1972–1976)
OriginSydney,New South Wales,Australia
Genres
Years active1972–2002, 2016–present
(reunions: 2005, 2009)
Labels
Members
Past members
Websitewww.midnightoil.com

Midnight Oil(known informally as "The Oils") are an Australian rock band composed ofPeter Garrett(vocals, harmonica),Rob Hirst(drums),Jim Moginie(guitar, keyboard) andMartin Rotsey(guitar). The group was formed inSydneyin 1972 by Hirst, Moginie and original bassist Andrew James asFarm:they enlisted Garrett the following year, changed their name in 1976, and hired Rotsey a year later.Peter Giffordserved as bass player from 1980 to 1987, withBones Hillmanthen assuming the role until his death in 2020. Midnight Oil have sold over 20 million albums worldwide as of 2021.

Midnight Oil issued theirself-titled debut albumin 1978 and gained a cult following in their homeland despite a lack ofmainstream mediaacceptance. The band achieved greater popularity throughoutAustralasiawith the release of10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1(1982) – which spawned the singles "Power and the Passion"and"US Forces"– and also began to attract an audience in the United States. They achieved their first Australian number one album in 1984 withRed Sails in the Sunset,and topped their native country's singles chart for six weeks with theEPSpecies Deceases(1985).

The group garnered worldwide attention with 1987 albumDiesel and Dust.Its singles "The Dead Heart"and"Beds Are Burning"illuminated the plight ofindigenous Australians,with the latter charting at number one in multiple countries. Midnight Oil had continued global success withBlue Sky Mining(1990) andEarth and Sun and Moon(1993) – each buoyed by an international hit single in "Blue Sky Mine"and"Truganini",respectively – and remained a formidable album chart presence in Australia until their 2002 disbandment. The group held concerts sporadically during the remainder of the 2000s and announced a full-scale reformation in 2016. The band released their 15th and final studio album,Resist,on 18 February 2022,[2]and announced an accompanying tour.[3]

The band's music often broaches political subjects, and they have lent their support to multiple causes. They have won elevenARIA Awardsand were inducted into theARIA Hall of Famein 2006.Midnight Oil's legacyhas grown since the late 1970s, with the outfit being cited as an influence, and their songscovered,by numerous popular artists. Aside from their studio output, the group are celebrated for their energetic live performances, which showcase the frenetic dancing of Garrett.Guardianwriter Andrew Street described Midnight Oil as "one of Australia's most beloved bands".

Overview

[edit]

While studying atAustralian National Universityin Canberra, vocalistPeter Garrett[4]answered an advertisement for a spot in Farm,[5][6]and by 1975 the band had started touring the east coast of Australia.[4]By late 1976 Garrett had moved to Sydney to complete his law degree,[4][6]and Farm changed its name toMidnight Oilby drawing the name out of a hat.[7]The name was coined by Peter Watson, a short-term keyboard player with Farm.[8]

Important to their development was manager Gary Morris, who successfully negotiated favourable contracts with tour promoters and record companies and frustrated rock journalists.[4][6][need quotation to verify]GuitaristMartin Rotseyjoined in 1977[9]and Midnight Oil, with Morris, established their own record label, Powderworks,[9]which released their debuteponymous albumin November 1978. Their first single "Run by Night" followed in December.[4][6]Founding bass-guitarist James, forced to leave due to illness in 1980, was replaced byPeter Gifford.Gifford was himself replaced byBones Hillmanin 1987.[4][9][6]Through a long and distinguished career, the band became known for its driving hard-rock sound, intense live performances and political activism, particularly in aid ofanti-nuclear,environmentalist andindigenouscauses.[10]

The following Midnight Oil albums peaked in the Australian Top Ten:[11][12]

The following Midnight Oil releases peaked in the Top Ten of the Australian singles chart:[11][12]

Aside from chart success, theAustralasian Performing Right Association(APRA) in 2001 listed both "Power and the Passion" and "Beds Are Burning" in theTop 30 best Australian songsof all time,[16] a chart in which Midnight Oil are the only artists to feature twice. In December 2002 Garrett announced that he would seek to further his political career and Midnight Oil disbanded, but they reformed for two warm-up shows in Canberra leading up to their performance, at one of the "Sound Relief"charity concerts, in honour of the victims of the 2009"Black Saturday"fires in Victoria and floods in Queensland.

In 2010 their albumDiesel and Dustranked no. 1 in the bookThe 100 Best Australian AlbumsbyToby Creswell,Craig MathiesonandJohn O'Donnell.[17]

History

[edit]

Farm: 1972–1976

[edit]

In 1971 drummerRob Hirst,bass guitarist Andrew James, andkeyboard player/lead guitaristJim Moginiewere performing together. They adopted the name "Farm" in 1972,[9]and played covers ofCream,Creedence Clearwater RevivalandLed Zeppelinsongs.[6]They placed an advert for a band member;[5]Peter Garrett(ex-Rock Island Line) became their new vocalist and synthesizer player and began introducingprogressive rockelements ofFocus,Jethro TullandYes,as well as their own material.[4][6]Garrett was studying at theAustralian National UniversityinCanberra,so Farm was only a part-time band.[4][6]They played for the northern-Sydney surfing community and, by 1975, were touring the east coast.[4]In late 1976 Garrett moved to Sydney to complete his law degree.[4][6]Farm then became a full-time group and changed its name to "Midnight Oil" by drawing a name out of a hat, leaving behind "Television", "Sparta", and "Southern Cross".[7]

The name "Midnight Oil" was inspired by theJimi Hendrixsong "Burning of the Midnight Lamp",[6]although the word "oil" appears nowhere in the lyrics. The expression "midnight oil" first appeared in a 1635 poem byFrancis Quarles(1592-1644):[18]

To heaven's high city I direct my journey,
Whose spangled suburbs entertain mine eye.
We spend our midday sweat, ourmidnight oil;
We tire the night in thought, the day in toil.

— Emblems,1635

1976–1981

[edit]
Martin Rotsey, Midnight Oil guitarist, at the Souths Leagues Club in Brisbane, 2007

After changing its name to Midnight Oil, the group began to develop an aggressive, punk-hard rock sound for theirpub rockaudiences.[6]GuitaristMartin Rotseyjoined in 1977[9]and Midnight Oil, with their manager Gary Morris, established their own record label Powderworks.[9]In June 1978 they entered theAlberts Studioin Sydney with producer Keith Walker, from local radio station2JJ,to record their debuteponymousalbum,Midnight Oil,which was released by Powderworks in November 1978 and peaked at No. 43 on the Australian albums charts.[11]Midnight Oil's first single "Run by Night" followed in December,[4][6]but had very little chart success, peaking at No. 100 on the singles charts.[11]

The band built a dedicated fan base, initially restricted to Sydney, which was extended to other Australian cities through constant touring – performing some 200 gigs in their first year.[6]They became known for their furious live performances, which featured the two guitarists Moginie and Rotsey, the drumming and vocals of Hirst and the presence of the towering, bald Garrett as lead singer.[4][6][10]

TheMidnight OilLPdisappointed some critics as it did not capture their powerful live performances, with undemanding playing and Garrett's vocals sounding stilted.[4]Their second albumHead Injuries,released on Powderworks in October 1979, was produced by formerSuperchargemember Leszek Karski.[9]It mixed solid guitar rock with progressive flourishes and was an improvement by highlighting the group's strengths and growth.[4][6]It peaked at No. 36 and by mid-1980 had achieved gold status.[4][11]In April 1980 founding bass guitarist Andrew James left because of ill-health and was replaced byPeter Gifford(ex-Huntress, Ross Ryan Band).[9]

Further interest in Midnight Oil was generated by the popularBird NoisesEP,also produced by Karski, which peaked at No. 28 on the Australian singles charts.[11]One of its four tracks was the surf-instrumental "Wedding Cake Island" named after therock outcropin the ocean off Sydney'sCoogee Beach.The band's third LPPlace without a Postcard,released byCBS Recordsin November 1981, was recorded inSussexwith English producerGlyn Johns(The Rolling Stones,The Who).[9][6]Creative tensions between the band and Johns plagued the recording and the group were not totally happy with the outcome. Johns had an arrangement withA&M Recordsand they asked Midnight Oil to return to the studio to record material suitable for an American single release – they refused and returned to Australia.[6]Place without a Postcardpeaked at No. 12 on the albums charts and related singles "Don't Wanna be the One" and "Armistice Day" reached the Top 40 in Australia.[11]

Fans, music industry, media

[edit]

Driven largely by commercial pressures to stay with reliable chart-toppers and teenage pop sensations, the Australian music industry in the mid-1970s cast a dismissive eye toward most bands with analternativeoutlook. Although consistently championed by Sydney alternative rock stationDouble Jayand its FM band successor Triple J, Midnight Oil was almost totally ignored by Australia's mainstream commercial radio stations in their early career. Manager Morris developed a reputation as one of the toughest managers and became notorious for banning critics or journalists, who were usually given free admission to concerts, for writing unfavourable reviews. Writer and criticBruce Elder,in a mid-1980s newspaper review described their music as "narrow and xenophobic" and declared Midnight Oil were:

"a kind ofantipodeanpub rock version ofQueen[...] life-denying, sexist, secular and bigoted [...] endless touting of Australia and all things Australian "[19]

— Bruce Elder quoted inCrème de la Phlegm: Unforgettable Australian Reviews(2006), ed.:Angela Bennie.ISBN0-522-85241-6

In retaliation, Morris banned Elder from Oils shows permanently. Elder later recanted, describing them as the only Australian band to have developed a truly Australian sound.[citation needed]

The frostiness of Midnight Oil's relationship with the traditional music media quickly saw the band develop a strong "street cred" and a reputation for making no compromises with the music industry. In the early 1980s the band was scheduled to appear on an episode of the all-powerfulAustralian Broadcasting Corporation(ABC) TV pop showCountdownbut on the day of the show they were "bumped" from the line-up.Countdownrequired artists to mime their songs during 'live' performances, Midnight Oil and Morris insisted they perform completely live and have their sound engineer supervising – neither side backed down.[20]According toCountdownproducer Michael Shrimpton, the band had arrived late for rehearsal and, due to the show's very tight schedule and budget, there was a strict policy that latecomers were not allowed to appear; and, as such, they were told they could not perform that day. In response, the group declared that they would never appear on the show, a promise they faithfully kept.[21]CountdownpresenterMolly Meldrumshaved his head bald, imitating Garrett, for its final show on 19 July 1987 and expressed regret that Midnight Oil had never appeared on the show.[7][21][22]

Fans of the group were drawn to the band's "us and them" mindset, and fan loyalty to the Oils' ideas and music was fierce. Two venues at which they built significant fan bases from their early live performances were the Sydney northern beachespubThe Royal Antler atNarrabeenand the Bondi Lifesaver club near Sydney'sBondi Beach.Politically oriented rock of the style produced by the band was something of a new concept for the Australian music scene, and Peter Garrett quickly earned a reputation as one of the most charismatic and outspoken musicians in the country. He recalled that there were dangers in playing the pub scene:

You get booked into a pub or hotel, say in the western suburbs of Sydney. Halfway through your set, two large, drunk truck drivers decide to have a fight. They're beating each other up and careening towards the corner where the band is set up. Meanwhile, everyone else is going, 'Aaah, turn it down, I'm trying to watch TV.' Try to contemplate that as an environment to play music in every night for three years.[23]

— Peter Garrett quoted inThe Big Australian Rock Book(1985) published byRolling StoneMagazine, ed.:Ed St John,ISBN0-9590615-0-9

Rise to fame: 1982–1985

[edit]

10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

[edit]

Their Australian breakthrough and first international recognition came in 1982, with the release of10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1,which included the singles "Power and the Passion"and"Read about It".The album peaked at No. 3 and" Power and the Passion "peaked at No. 8.[11]The album also includes their denunciation of American military interference in foreign affairs in "US Forces"and their critique of imperialist repression in"Short Memory".10 to 1was recorded in London during September and produced by EnglishmanNick Launay,[4][9]who had previously worked with acts includingThe Jam,XTC,Peter Gabriel,PiL,Gang of FourandThe Birthday Party.[4]Launay worked on several other major Australian recordings in this period includingINXS'The Swing,Models'The Pleasure of Your CompanyandThe Church'sSeance.

The album remained in the Australian charts for 171 weeks.[11]It retained their live energy but was more adventurous and radical than previous work.[4][6]Their ascendancy was signalled by a series of concerts on the release of the album at Sydney's Capitol Theatre, one of which was filmed and recorded and later released on their 2004Best of Both WorldsDVD. The band also played their first shows outside Australia during this time, with the album being released in the US onColumbia Records,where it charted in 1984 on theBillboard200;[24]in the UK it was released onCBS.[4]

Red Sails in the Sunset

[edit]

Midnight Oil undertook more politically motivated benefit concerts,[6]including organising theStop The Dropnuclear disarmament concert in 1983, which received aUnited Nations Association of Australia Media Peace Prize.[4]10 to 1was followed byRed Sails in the Sunsetin October 1984, which was recorded in Japan, produced by Launay again.[4][9]It peaked at No. 1 for four weeks on the Australian charts,[11]and charted on theBillboard200.[24]Singles from the album were released in US and UK but had no chart success.[4]Whilst the album showed an overreliance on technical wizardry, their lyrical stance was positive.[4]The band continued to expand their sound and explore themes of politics, consumerism, militarism, the threat of nuclear war and environmental issues.[6]The album cover by Japanese artistTsunehisa Kimurafeatured aphotomontageof Sydney – both city and harbour – cratered and devastated after a hypothetical nuclear attack.[25]Live concert footage of "Short Memory" was used in the Australian independent anti-nuclear war movieOne Night Stand.[26]A promotional video for "Best of Both Worlds", later onBest of Both Worlds,received airplay worldwide on cable music TV station MTV.[27]

Garrett ran as aNuclear Disarmament Party(NDP) candidate for a NSW seat in theAustralian Senateduring the December1984 federal election,Garrett obtained 9.6% of votes but was unable to obtain the required quota of 12.5%.[28]In April 1985, Garrett, with some 30 other members, walked out of the national conference and resigned from the NDP claiming it had been infiltrated by aTrotskyistgroup.[29][30]Although unsuccessful in that federal election, Garrett was now a recognised public figure.[4]

Goat Island Triple J concert

[edit]

In January 1985, Midnight Oil performedOils on the Water,a concert onGoat IslandinSydney Harbourto celebrateTriple J's tenth birthday,[4]before a select audience of fans who had won tickets in a radio competition. The concert was filmed, simulcast on ABC-TV and Triple J, and released on video,[4]which was remastered for their 2004Best of Both WorldsDVD.

International success and activism: 1985–2002

[edit]

Diesel and Dust

[edit]

In December 1985 the four-track EPSpecies Deceasesproduced withFrancois Kevorkianwas released by CBS/Columbia;[9]it peaked at No. 1 on the Australian singles charts for six weeks.[4][11]Species Deceases,featuring the track "Hercules", featured a return to their pub rock sound with hard hitting firepower.[4]Midnight Oil spent several months in 1986 on the Blackfella/Whitefella tour ofoutbackAustralia with indigenous groupsWarumpi BandandGondwanaland,playing to remote Aboriginal communities and seeing first hand the seriousness of the issues in health and living standards.[4]The tour was criticised by some journalists for being a one-off event instead of a long-term attempt to build bridges between communities.[31]The band was galvanised by the experiences and made them the basis ofDiesel and Dust,released in 1987 and produced byWarne Livesey.[9]The album focused on the need for recognition by white Australia of past injustices involving the Aboriginal nations and the need forReconciliation in Australia.Peter Gifford left the band before the album's release due to extensive touring schedules,[6]and was replaced byBones Hillman,formerly ofThe Swingers.[9]

Diesel and Dustpeaked at No. 1 on the Australian albums charts for six weeks,[11]No. 21 on theBillboard 200chartsin 1988,[24]and No. 19 on the UK albums charts.[32]"Beds Are Burning"was their biggest international hit single, peaking at No. 6 in Australia,[11]and No. 17 on theBillboardHot 100,[33]No. 6 on the UK singles charts.[32]"The Dead Heart" peaked at No. 6 in Australia,[11]and charted on the Hot 100[33]and in the UK.[32]"Put Down that Weapon" also charted in Australia,[11]while "Dreamworld" charted onBillboard'sMainstream Rock Tracksand at No. 16 on itsModern Rock Tracks.[33]

At theAustralian Recording Industry Association(ARIA)1988 Awardsceremony, Midnight Oil won "Best Cover Art"forDiesel and Dustand both "Best Single"and"Best Song"for"Beds Are Burning".[34]A fracas developed between Morris, accepting awards for Midnight Oil, and formerCountdowncompere Ian Meldrum who was presenting: Meldrum objected to Morris making political commentary from the podium.[34]

There were concerns aboutDiesel and Dustand Midnight Oil's attempts to expressindigenous issuestowhiteurban audiences – namely, the question "who holds the power to tell whose history?"[31]The lyrics of "The Dead Heart" tell the story ofcolonisationfrom an indigenouspoint of viewbut some critics felt they reinforced the "primitive"stereotype.[31]Use of thebullroarerwas criticised as belonging to sacred rituals and therefore not appropriate for rock songs.[31]"The Dead Heart" had been written in response to a request by organisers of the 1985 ceremony to return control ofUluruto its indigenouscaretakers;Midnight Oil had originally resisted, arguing it would be more appropriate for an indigenous band to release the single. However, the organisers insisted, arguing that the band would reach a wider audience within the predominantlyCaucasianurban centres.[citation needed]Midnight Oil requested that allroyaltiesfrom the song go toindigenous communities.[25]In addition, two indigenous groups, Warumpi Band and Gondwanaland, toured with them.

Following the 1988 American tour in support ofDiesel and Dustwith Australian bandYothu Yindi,Midnight Oil launched theBuilding Bridges – Australia Has A Black Historyalbum with various artists contributing, includingPaul Kelly,Scrap Metal,Coloured Stone,Hunters & Collectors,James Reyne,The Saints,Crowded House,INXSand Yothu Yindi.[4]All sales proceeds were donated to the National Coalition of Aboriginal Organisations.[4]

During 1989–1993 and 1998–2002 Garrett was the President of theAustralian Conservation Foundation,whilst during 1993–1998 he was on the International Board ofGreenpeace.[35]In 1990 Midnight Oil played an impromptu lunchtime set in front ofExxonheadquarters in New York with a banner reading, "Midnight Oil Makes You Dance, Exxon Oil Makes Us Sick," protesting theExxon Valdez oil spillthe previous year.[6]

Blue Sky Mining

[edit]

In February 1990,Blue Sky Mining,produced byLivesey,was released by CBS/Columbia.[9]It peaked at No. 1 on theAustralian Recording Industry Association(ARIA) albums charts.[12]It stayed at No. 1 for two weeks in Australia and had Top 5 chart success in Sweden, Switzerland and Norway.[36]It peaked at No. 20 on theBillboard200[24]and No. 28 on the UK charts.[32]The album was more defiant and outspoken;[4]the single "Blue Sky Mine" describes asbestos exposure in theWittenoom mine tragedy.[4]The single peaked at No. 8 on the ARIA singles charts,[12]top 15 in Norway and Switzerland,[37]No. 47 onBillboardHot 100 and No. 1 on both their Mainstream and Modern Rock Tracks charts,[33]and appeared on the UK charts.[32]The second single, "Forgotten Years", was more moderately successful, reaching No. 26 on the ARIA singles chart, No. 97 in the UK, No. 11 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks, and No. 1 on the Modern Rock Tracks.

In Sydney in 1990, while Midnight Oil were taking a break, Hirst joined up with guitarist Andrew Dickson, drummer Dorland Bray ofDo-Ré-Mi,guitarist Leszek Karski (Midnight Oil producer) and bass guitaristRick GrossmanofHoodoo Gurusto form a side project calledGhostwriters.[38]The name refers to the practice ofghostwriting,wherein famous writers contribute under assumed names in order to remain anonymous. Ghostwriters' line-ups – both live and in the studio – changed considerably through the years, with only founders Hirst and Grossman being mainstays. Between successive album releases Hirst and Grossman returned to active involvement with Oils and Gurus respectively. Ghostwriters have releasedGhostwriters(1991),Second Skin(1996),Fibromoon(1999) andPolitical Animal(2007).[38]

At the 1991ARIA Awardsceremony, Midnight Oil won 'Best Group' and an 'Outstanding Achievement Award' and 'Best Cover Artist', 'Best Video' and 'Album of the Year' forBlue Sky Mining.[39]Morris, accepting awards for Midnight Oil, was criticised for a speech lasting 20 minutes.[7][39]

Scream in Blue(Live),their June 1992 live album produced by Keith Walker, contained material from concerts between 1982 and 1990, including "Progress" from their Exxon Valdez protest gig.[4][9]It peaked at No. 3 on the ARIA albums charts;[12]Top 50 in Austria, Sweden and Switzerland;[40]and appeared on theBillboard200.[24]

Earth and Sun and Moon

[edit]

Midnight Oil'sEarth and Sun and Moonalbum, produced with Nick Launay, was released in April 1993 and also drew critical acclaim and international success, peaking at No. 2 on the ARIA albums charts,[12]top 20 in Sweden and Switzerland,[41]Top 50 onBillboard200,[24]and top thirty in the UK albums chart.[32]The single "Truganini"referenced multiple issues, includingthe 'last' Tasmanian Aboriginal person,the treatment of Aboriginal artistAlbert Namatjira,theAustralian flag debate,andrepublicanism.[31]Liner notes for the single claimed "Truganini was the sole surviving Tasmanian Aborigine, the last of her race, when she died in 1876."[31]The Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre, representing over 7000 contemporary Tasmanians, called for the single to be boycotted as it perpetuated a 'white' myth about the extinction ofAboriginal Tasmanians.[31]Their Native Title claims hinged upon establishing links with ancestral lands. Morris responded with, "My suggestion to these people is to stop shooting themselves in the foot and let a band like Midnight Oil voice its appeal to White Australia on behalf of Black Australia".[31]

Critics contended that Morris disparaged Indigenous Australians' ability to represent themselves and overestimated Midnight Oil's ambassadorial powers while diminishing their errors, while some indigenous activists saw benefit in Midnight Oil's highlighting of the issues.[31]Nevertheless, "Truganini" released in March peaked at No. 10 on the ARIA singles charts,[12]No. 10 onBillboardMainstream Rock Tracks and No. 4 on their Modern Rock Tracks charts,[33]and top thirty for the UK charts.[32]Peter Garrett issued an apology for the mistake in the liner notes. The band performed the song along with "My Country" from the album on the American sketch-comedy seriesSaturday Night Liveduring the 8 May 1993 episode hosted byChristina Applegate.[42]

In 1993, the band also participated in theAnother Roadside Attractiontour in Canada and collaborated withThe Tragically Hip,Crash Vegas,Hothouse FlowersandDaniel Lanoison the one-off single "Land"to protest forestclearingin British Columbia.

BreathetoCapricornia

[edit]

Breathewas released in 1996. It was produced byMalcolm Burnand had a loose, raw style with almost a low-key sound.[4]It peaked at No. 3 on the ARIA albums chart,[12]and had Top 40 success in New Zealand and Switzerland.[43]They returned to No. 1 on the ARIA albums charts[12]with thecompilation20,000 Watt R.S.L.in 1997 onSony Records,which achieved 4×Platinum sales.[44]Later album releases include the electro tinged hard rockRedneck Wonderlandin 1998, live albumThe Real Thingin 2000 and the more stripped backCapricorniain 2002 again renuniting with producerWarne Livesey,all charted into the ARIA Top Ten.[12]

Sydney 2000 Olympic Games performance

[edit]

Midnight Oil again brought the politics ofReconciliationto the fore during their performance at theclosing ceremonyof theSydney 2000 Summer Olympics.Then Prime MinisterJohn Howardhad triggered controversy that year with his refusal to embrace symbolic reconciliation and apologise to Indigenous Australians and members of theStolen Generations.[citation needed]But he had also said their reconciliation-themed single "Beds Are Burning"was his favourite Midnight Oil song. Midnight Oil performed the song at the ceremony with the wordSORRYconspicuously printed on their clothes as a form of apology to Indigenous people for their suffering under white settlement and to highlight the issue to Howard, who was in the audience at the Olympic stadium as an estimated one billion people watched on television.[31]Midnight Oil had consulted with tour mates Yothu Yindi and other Indigenous activists, so that their performance would bring popular protest to the world arena.[31]

In 2001, whenAustralasian Performing Right Association(APRA) surveyed 100 music industry people for their Top 10 Best Australian songs of all time, "Beds Are Burning" was voted No. 3 behindThe Easybeats' "Friday on My Mind"andDaddy Cool's "Eagle Rock".[45]At the 2001APRA Awardsceremony "Beds are Burning" was shown on video and introduced byAustralian DemocratsSenator Aden Ridgewayas anIndigenousspokesperson on Reconciliation.[45]"Power and the Passion" was also listed in APRA'sTop 30 best Australian songs.[16]

Dissolution and reunion

[edit]
Midnight Oil at Manly Leagues Club, 2005

Garrett announced his decision to quit Midnight Oil on 2 December 2002, to refocus on his political career.[6]In the1984 federal election,Garrett had stood for theAustralian Senateunder theNuclear Disarmament Partybanner and narrowly lost. He won the seat ofKingsford Smithat the2004 General Electionfor theAustralian Labor Partyand was selected as Shadow Minister for Climate Change, Environment, Heritage and the Arts. On Thursday, 29 November 2007, Prime Minister electKevin Ruddnamed Garrett as Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts. The other members of the band continued to work together, but not under the Midnight Oil name.

After a warm up gig the previous evening at the Manly-Warringah Leagues Club, the band, including Garrett, reunited to perform at theWaveAidconcert on 29 January 2005 to raise funds for the victims of the26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.The concert, which took place at theSydney Cricket Ground,also included performances byPowderfinger,Silverchair,Nick Cave,John Butler Trio,Finn Brothers,and others.

On 29 October 2006, Midnight Oil was inducted into theARIA Hall of Famewith ARIA chairmanDenis Handlindescribing them:

For 30 years, on their journey from inside Sydney's Royal Antler Hotel to outside the Exxon Building in New York, the Oils have always led from the front. They spoke to us – and to the world – in a uniquely Australian way. [...] Their music speaks first – it's powerful, it's uncompromising, it's unique rock music that inspires, entertains and will last forever. [...] My favourite Oils lyric, which summarises it all is: 'It's better to die on your feet than live on your knees.'[7]

— Denis Handlin,2006

Rob Hirst,in his acceptance speech, thanked his family, bandmates, and support from fellow Australians. He also lamented the fact that unlike the Vietnam war, which had inspired some of the bestprotest songsever written, very few had been written in reaction to the invasion of Iraq.[7]

Flat Chat,another compilation album, was released in November 2006 and peaked at No. 21 on the ARIA album charts.[12]Rumours of an appearance by Midnight Oil at theSydney legof theLive Earthconcert in July 2007[46]were false. HoweverGhostwriters,founded by drummer Hirst andHoodoo Gurusbass guitaristRick Grossmanand including former Oils guitaristMartin Rotsey,performed six tracks including the Oils' song "When the Generals Talk", whilstPeter Garrettgave a speech introducing a reformedCrowded House.

Aside from Ghostwriters, Hirst has also been a member ofBacksliders,performed with former OlympianPaul Greene,with fellow Backsliders memberDom TurneronThe Angry Tradesmen,and, with Rotsey, assisted onJim Moginie's solo albumAlas Folkloricin 2006.

2009 reformation

[edit]

On the evenings of 12 and 13 March 2009 a reformed Midnight Oil, with Garrett, played at theRoyal Theatrein Canberra.[47]The following day, 14 March they headlined theSound Reliefconcert in Melbourne.[48]This event was held at theMelbourne Cricket Ground(MCG) to raise money for victims ofVictoria's February bushfire disaster.[49]The event was held simultaneously with a concert at theSydney Cricket Ground.[48]All proceeds from the Melbourne Concert went to theRed CrossVictorian Bushfire relief.[48][49]Appearing with Midnight Oil in Melbourne wereAugie March,Bliss N Eso with Paris Wells,Gabriella Cilmi,Hunters & Collectors,Jack Johnson,Kasey Chambers& Shane Nicholson withTroy Cassar-Daley,Kings of Leon,Liam Finn,Crowded House,Jet,Paul Kelly,Split EnzandWolfmother.[50]

Reunion, the Great Circle Tour,Midnight Oil: 1984andArmistice Day

[edit]

On 4 May 2016 it was announced on the band's website that Midnight Oil intended to reform and embark on a tour in 2017 (their first concerts in Australia since 2002 and their first world tour since 1997).[51]Such plans were confirmed in February 2017, when the band announcedThe Great Circle Tour,which kicked off in April. After three warm up concerts in their native Australia, the band toured Brazil, the U.S., Canada, Europe, South Africa, Singapore and New Zealand before going back to play a series of concerts around the whole of Australia.[52]The band performed 77 concerts in 16 countries during the tour.

In March 2018, the band announced the release of a new documentary film entitledMidnight Oil: 1984.Directed by Ray Argall, the film primarily consists of previously-unseen footage from the band's tour in support ofRed Sails in the Sunset.The film was given an Australian cinematic release in May 2018, an Australian DVD/Blu-ray release the following July and a limited North American and New Zealand cinematic release that August.

One of the Great Circle tour's final concerts was held onArmistice Dayat The Domain, inSydneyon 11 November 2017. Both shows at the Domain (the band also performed there on 17 November) were filmed and recorded, being turned into the live album and filmArmistice Day: Live at the Domain, Sydney.The film was given a one-night cinematic release on 24 October 2018.[53]On 9 November 2018,Armistice Daywas released as a live album, as well as on DVD and Blu-ray.[54]

In December 2018, the band announced a European and UK tour for June and July 2019.[55]The band were also announced as the headlining act of the Big Red Bash festival, taking place in Birdsville, Queensland.[56]In April 2019, the band announced headlining shows inThirroulandCanberraas warm-up shows for their European tour.[57]With the announcement came news that the band intended to record new material for a projected 2020 release.[58]

2020:The Makarrata Projectand "Gadigal Land"

[edit]
Main article:The Makarrata Project

On 7 August 2020, Midnight Oil released their first song in 18 years titled "Gadigal Land",with all earnings going to organisations promoting theUluru Statement from the Heart.[59]The song featured poetry spoken in theGadigallanguage.[60]It is the first song from a mini-album titledThe Makarrata Project,[61]whose name is related to one of the elements of theUluru Statement,aYolnguword approximating a peace agreement or type of treaty.[62]"Gadigal Land" peaked at number 5 on the Australian digital sales song chart.[63]

The Makarrata Projectwas released on 30 October 2020[64]and reached Number 1 in the Australian albums chart on 6 November 2020.[14]

Bass guitarist Bones Hillman died on 7 November 2020 of cancer at his home in the United States.[65]The surviving members of Midnight Oil announced Hillman's death in a statement that remembered him as "the bassist with the beautiful voice, the band member with the wicked sense of humour, and our brilliant musical comrade."[65]

2021–present:Resistand final tour

[edit]
Main article:Resist (Midnight Oil album)

On 18 May 2021, Midnight Oil announced on Twitter that their thirteenth album, with the working titleShow of Hands,was scheduled for release during their performance at the 2021Byron Bay Bluesfest.As the event was cancelled in mid-August and the majority of lineup was confirmed for the 2022 edition (set to 14 April), the band's plans to release the album remained undefined for some six months.

On 28 October 2021, the band released on YouTube a video for their first single from the album, "Rising Seas".[66]They announced the single on Twitter: "The uncompromising song, released on the eve of [the United Nations Climate Change Conference] (COP26), adds the band's unique voice to billions of others around the world seeking a safe, habitable, and fair future for our planet. "The band featured no bassist in the video, leaving only a bass guitar in a stand in the background beside the drums as a tribute to Hillman.

On 26 November 2021, the band officially announced the albumResist,which was released 18 February 2022. With the announcement of the album came the release of national Australian tour dates for 2022, which the band confirmed would be their last, while simultaneously confirming that the band will continue to make music together in the future.[67]Resist: The Final Tourconcluded on 3 October 2022 at theHordern Pavilionin Sydney with a 40-song, three-and-a-half-hour set from the band.[68]

Legacy

[edit]

Midnight Oil initially faced resistance from themainstream media,[69]but went on to sell over 20 million albums.[70]They were inducted into theARIA Hall of Famein 2006, having won 11ARIA Awardsduring their career.[71][72]AllMusicnoted that the band "brought a new sense of political and social immediacy to pop music", and were "inspirational and successful in their homeland",[73]while criticBernard Zuelwrote, "It's been said of Midnight Oil that 'this is what Australia sounds like'."[74]AuthorTim Wintonremarked, "It was almost too much to believe that rock music could be about anything but itself. You know: life on the road and the inconvenience ofVD.Dicks and chicks. Faux Americana. Finally someone was playing stuff that was musically idiosyncratic, fresh and strong. And authentic. "[74]SpinfounderBob Guccione Jr.said of Midnight Oil, "If they were from New Jersey they'd be bigger thanU2."[75]Guardianwriter Andrew Street called them "one of Australia's most beloved bands".[76]

The group have influenced international acts such asGreen Day,[77]R.E.M.,[78]Pearl Jam,[79]Garbage,[80]The Cranberries,[81]Biffy Clyro,[82]Candlebox,[83]Maná,[84]Hot Water Music[85]andShades Apart,[86]as well as Australian performers likeCrowded House,[87]Powderfinger,[88]The Living End,[89]John Butler,[90]DMA's[91]andTim Freedman.[92]R.E.M. frontmanMichael Stipedescribed Peter Garrett as a "brilliant" songwriter who is "able to imagine a situation, put [himself] into it and write about it", adding, "That, to me, is incredible".[93]Crowded House singerNeil Finnwent on to have multiple collaborations with Jim Moginie, whom he called "a great guy and an amazing guitar player".[94]Biffy Clyro vocalistSimon Neilsaid of Midnight Oil, "Every night for about three weeks, driving home from the studio I would just put 'Beds Are Burning' on, just on loop... They're a really underrated band. "[82]The Living End founderChris Cheneyreported that his ensemble listened to "a lot of [Midnight Oil's]10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1andRed Sails in the Sunset,and were blown away by their fearlessness in not being shackled to a style ".[89]The group have also inspired artists outside the realm of popular music, including poetDaniel Nester[95]and painterNicholas Harding.[96]

Midnight Oil's songs have been covered by performers such as Pearl Jam[97](and frontmanEddie Veddersolo[79]), U2,[98]Patti Smith,[99]The Killers,[100]Imagine Dragons,[101]Silverchair,[102]Tom Morello(asThe Nightwatchman),[103]Billy Bragg[103]andAnti-Flag.[104]U2 singerBonorecorded a speech for Midnight Oil's ARIA Hall of Fame induction, sections of which aired intermittently. He recited the chorus lyrics of their song "Forgotten Years" and hailed the outfit as an "extraordinary" band whose music "brought people's differences together; not to resolve them, just to get them in the same room, up each other's noses".[105]Killers vocalistBrandon Flowerssaid, "I wish I'd written 'Forgotten Years'... That song touches my heart."[106]Midnight Oil's music is the subject of 2001 tribute albumThe Power & The Passion,which features covers by several mainstream rock acts from Australia and New Zealand, includingSomething for Kate,Regurgitator,Grinspoon,Jebediah,Augie MarchandShihad.[107]In 2009, a version of "Beds Are Burning" was recorded by numerous musicians – among themDuran Duran,Lily Allen,Bob Geldof,Fergie,Mark RonsonandScorpions– in protest of global warming and climate change.[108]

Music journalistKurt Loderonce noted that Midnight Oil were "reputed to be Australia's most formidable live act";[109]Tomas Mureika inAllMusicargued they were "the tightest band on the planet for a time".[110]WriterJohn O'Donnellsaid that the group's performances "quickly became the stuff of legend and earned the band a large and fiercely loyal following".[111]Cold ChiselsingerJimmy Barnescalled them "one of the greatest bands ever and one of my favourite live bands in the world".[112]The Smashing PumpkinsfrontmanBilly Corganreferred to the 2016 announcement of Midnight Oil's impending reformation as "awesome news", noting that they are "one of the greatest live bands I've ever seen".[113]Corgan had previously likened his dancing to that of Peter Garrett.[114]Garrett's onstage routine – described by criticRichard McGregoras "mesmerising"[115]– incorporates a wild and eccentric dance style;[116][117]Guardianjournalist Andrew Stafford wrote that Garrett has a "unique dance step that captivated audiences for over 20 years" prior to the group's 2002 disbandment.[118]His dancing was imitated in Parliament by Australian politiciansPeter Costello[119]andJohn Elferink.[120]

Personnel

[edit]

Timeline

[edit]

Discography

[edit]
Main article:Midnight Oil discography

Studio albums

Awards and nominations

[edit]

APRA Awards

[edit]

These annual awards were established byAustralasian Performing Right Association(APRA) in 1982 to honour the achievements of songwriters and music composers and to recognise their song writing skills, sales and airplay performance, by its members annually.[122]From 1982 to 1990, the best songs were given the Gold Award (also called the Special Award).[122][123]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1989–90 "Beds Are Burning"(Peter Garrett,Robert Hirst,James Moginie) Gold Award Won
2001 "Beds Are Burning" (Garrett, Hirst, Moginie) APRA Top 10 Australian songs No. 3
"Power and the Passion"(Hirst, Moginie, Garrett) APRA Top 30 Australian songs 11–30
2018 Midnight Oil (Garrett, Hirst, Martin Rotsey, Moginie, Bones Hillman Ted Albert Award for Outstanding Services to Australian Music Won
2021 "Gadigal Land"(Joel Davison, Rob Hirst, Bunna Lawrie) Song of the Year[124] Won
2022 "First Nation" Song of the Year[125] Nominated
2023 "Rising Seas" Song of the Year[126] Shortlisted
Most Performed Rock Work[127] Nominated

ARIA Music Awards

[edit]

TheARIA Music Awardsare an annual set of awards, commenced in 1987, which recognise excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres ofAustralian music.Midnight Oil have received 11 wins from 38 nominations.[128]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1987 "The Dead Heart" Best Group Nominated
1988 "Beds Are Burning" Single of the Year Won
"Beds Are Burning" (Peter Garrett,Rob Hirst,Jim Moginie) Song of the Year Won
Midnight Oil Best Group Nominated
Diesel and Dust Best Indigenous Release Nominated
Diesel and Dust– Ken Duncan, Creative Type Wart, Gary Morris, Midnight Oil Best Cover Art Won
1989 "Dreamworld" Best Group Nominated
Best Indigenous Release Nominated
"Dreamworld" – Guy Gray Engineer of the Year Nominated
"Dreamworld" – Andrew de Groot Best Video Nominated
1991 Blue Sky Mining Album of the Year Won
Best Group Won
Blue Sky Mining– Livingstone Clarke Best Cover Art Won
"Blue Sky Mine" Single of the Year Nominated
"Blue Sky Mine" (Hirst, Moginie, Garrett,Martin Rotsey,Bones Hillman) Song of the Year Nominated
"Blue Sky Mine" – Claudia Castle Best Video Won
Midnight Oil – David Nicholas Engineer of the Year Won
Midnight Oil Outstanding Achievement Won
1993 Scream in Blue– Midnight Oil, Neo One Design Best Cover Art Nominated
1994 Earth and Sun and Moon Best Group Nominated
Earth and Sun and Moon– Kevin Wilkins, Midnight Oil Best Cover Art Nominated
"Outbreak of Love" – Paul Elliott Best Video Nominated
1998 20,000 Watt R.S.L. Highest Selling Album Nominated
20,000 Watt R.S.L.– Kevin Wilkins Best Cover Art Nominated
"White Skin / Black Heart" –Magoo Engineer of the Year Won
1999 Redneck Wonderland– Magoo Engineer of the Year Nominated
2004 Best of Both Worlds Best Music DVD Won
2006 Midnight Oil Hall of Fame Inducted
2017 The Overflow Tank– Mitchell Storck Best Cover Art Nominated
2019 Armistice Day Best Rock Album Nominated
Midnight Oil Best Australian Live Act Nominated
2021[129] The Makarrata Project Album of the Year Nominated
Best Rock Album Nominated
Best Group Nominated
Robert Hamblingfor Midnight Oil – "First Nation" Best Video Nominated
Makarrata Live Best Australian Live Act Nominated
2022[130] Resist Best Group Nominated
Resist. The Final Tour 2022 Best Australian Live Act Nominated

Countdown Australian Music Awards

[edit]

Countdownwas an Australian pop music TV series on national broadcasterABC-TVfrom 1974 to 1987; it presented music awards from 1979 to 1987, initially in conjunction with magazineTV Week.The TV Week / Countdown Awards were a combination of popular-voted and peer-voted awards.[131][132]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1981 Themselves Most Consistent Live Act Nominated
1982 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Best Australian Album Nominated
1983 "Power and the Passion" Best Australian Single Won
Best Promotional Video Nominated
1984 Red Sails in the Sunset Best Australian Album Nominated
"Read About It" Best Group Performance in a Video Nominated
"Short Memory" – Peter Garrett (Midnight Oil) Best Male Performance in a Video Nominated
Themselves Most Popular Australian Group Nominated
1986 "The Dead Heart" Best Australian Single Nominated

Environmental Music Prize

[edit]

TheEnvironmental Music Prizeis a quest to find a theme song to inspire action on climate and conservation. It commenced in 2022.[133]

Year Nominee / work Award Result Ref.
2023 "Rising Seas" Environmental Music Prize Nominated [134][135]

Helpmann Awards

[edit]

TheHelpmann Awardsis an awards show, celebrating live entertainment and performing arts in Australia, presented by industry groupLive Performance Australiasince 2001.[136]Note: 2020 and 2021 were cancelled due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.

Year Nominee / work Award Result Ref.
2005 Midnight Oil -WaveAid - the Tsunami Relief Concert Best Performance in an Australian Contemporary Concert Nominated [137]
2018 Midnight Oil -The Great Circle World Tour 2017 Best Australian Contemporary Concert Nominated [138]

J Awards

[edit]

TheJ Awardsare an annual series of Australian music awards that were established by theAustralian Broadcasting Corporation's youth-focused radio stationTriple J.They commenced in 2005.

Year Nominee / work Award Result Ref.
2022 Midnight Oil Double J Artist of the Year Won [139][140]

Mo Awards

[edit]

The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as theMo Awards), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Midnight Oil won two awards in that time.[141]

Year Nominee / work Award Result (wins only)
1990 Midnight Oil Rock Group of the Year Won
Midnight Oil Rock Performer of the Year Won

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  119. ^Barlow, Karen (4 November 2015)."Bill Shorten Dances During Community Event In Kiribati".HuffPost.Retrieved15 January2018.
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