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Mikhail Mishustin

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In this name that followsEastern Slavic naming customs,thepatronymicisVladimirovichand thefamily nameisMishustin.

Mikhail Mishustin
Михаил Мишустин
Mishustin in 2024
Prime Minister of Russia
Assumed office
16 January 2020
PresidentVladimir Putin
First DeputyAndrey Belousov[a]
Denis Manturov
Preceded byDmitry Medvedev
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of theUnion State
Assumed office
16 January 2020
Secretary General
Preceded byDmitry Medvedev
Head of the Special Coordinating Council for Security Enhancement
Assumed office
19 October 2022
PresidentVladimir Putin
Preceded byOffice established
Director of the Federal Taxation Service
In office
6 April 2010 – 16 January 2020
Prime Minister
Preceded byMikhail Mokretsov
Succeeded byDaniil Yegorov
Personal details
Born
Mikhail Vladimirovich Mishustin

(1966-03-03)3 March 1966(age 58)
Lobnya,Russian SFSR,Soviet Union (nowRussia)
Political partyIndependent
SpouseVladlena Mishustina
Children3
Alma materSTANKIN
Occupation
  • Politician
  • businessman
  • economist
ProfessionEngineer
Websitepremier.gov.ru
Military service
AllegianceRussia
Branch/serviceTax police
Years of service
  • 1998–2008
  • 2010–2020
RankActing State Advisor to the Russian Federation, 1st class

Mikhail Vladimirovich Mishustin(Russian:Михаи́л Влади́мирович Мишу́стин,IPA:[mixɐˈilvlɐˈdʲimʲirəvʲitɕmiˈʂusʲtʲɪn];born 3 March 1966) is a Russian politician and economist serving as thePrime Minister of Russiasince 16 January 2020. He previously served as the director of theFederal Taxation Servicefrom 2010 to 2020.

PresidentVladimir Putinnominated Mishustin to become Prime Minister on 15 January 2020, following the resignation ofDmitry Medvedevand the rest of the government to allow forsweeping constitutional changes.[1]Hearings on his appointment took place in theState Dumaon 16 January, and he was confirmed in office that day.[2]

He has the federal state civilian service rank of1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.[3]

Early life and education

Mikhail Mishustin was born on 3 March 1966 inLobnya,a town very close to Moscow,[4][5][6][7]to the Mishustin family, Vladimir Moiseyevich and Luiza Mikhailovna. His mother was born in the city ofKotlasin theArkhangelsk region[8]while Mishustin's father, a Jew[9]fromBelarus,was born inPolotsk.[8]Vladimir Moiseyevich Mishustin was a member of theCentral Committee of the Komsomol.

In 1989, he graduated from theSTANKIN,majoring in system engineering, and then in 1992, he completed postgraduate studies at the same institute.[10]

Early career

After finishing graduate school, he began working as a director of a test laboratory facility.[11]In 1992, Mishustin began working at the International Computer Club (ICC),[12]where he worked on facilitating the integration of Russian and Western information technologies.[12]He ultimately headed the board of the International Computer Club.[11][13]

In 1998, he joined the state service as an assistant for information systems for accounting and control over the receipt of tax payments to the head of the State tax service of the Russian Federation.[12]From 1998 to 2004, he worked as Deputy tax minister, being second-in-command at the State Tax Service.[14][15]He worked as head of the Federal Agency for Real Estate Cadastre[12]within theRussian Ministry of Economic Development,and head of the Federal Agency for Managing Special Economic Zones.[16]

In 2008, Mishustin left the civil service and returned to the private sector. He spent two years as the president of UFG Asset Management, an investment fund, before resigning to become head of the Federal Tax Service.[14][12][17]

In February 2009, he joined thepersonnel reserve of the President of Russia.[18]

Director of the Federal Taxation Service (2010–2020)

Mishustin with Prime MinisterDmitry Medvedevin FTS office on 13 February 2019

In 2010, Mishustin was appointed head of theFederal Tax Service(FTS) by then–Prime MinisterVladimir Putin.After his appointment to this post, entrepreneurs expressed the hope that Mishustin, as coming from business, would be more "friendly" to Russian entrepreneurs.[19]As head of the Federal Tax Service, Mishustin earned a reputation as a skilledtechnocrat[20][21]and emphasized tax simplification and electronic tax services.[22]During this period, however, the tax service was criticized for its overly strict approach to business; Mishustin rejected this criticism, pointing to a decrease in the number of on-site tax audits and tax inspections of large and medium-sized businesses.[23][24][25]

As head of the FTS, Mishustin declared war on "dirty data" and targeted problems with unjustifiedvalue-added tax(VAT) refunds.[26][27]Mishustin emphasized digitization andbig data,[28]making extensive use of "techno-authoritarian"systems ofgovernment surveillanceof economic activity, including the collection of data on almost every transaction in Russia.[29]This data collection was facilitated by new legislation that required all business-to-business invoices to be submitted to the government and required all retailers to automatically transmit real-time transaction data to tax authorities through an "online cash register" process.[29]The government usedartificial intelligenceto identify persons suspected oftax evasion.[29]This system of surveillance resulted in a decrease in the share of VAT uncollected by Russian authorities during Mishustin's tenure; the "VAT gap" reportedly declined from 20% to less than 1%.[29]

Prime Minister (2020–present)

Appointment

Mishustin at his confirmation hearing at theState Dumaon 16 January 2020

Prime MinisterDmitry Medvedev,along with his entire Cabinet, resigned on 15 January 2020, afterPresidentVladimir Putindelivered thePresidential Address to the Federal Assembly,in which he proposed several amendments to the constitution. Medvedev stated that he was resigning to allow Putin to make the significant constitutional changes suggested by Putin regarding shifting power away from the presidency.[30]Putin accepted the resignation. However, on Putin's instructions, the Cabinet continued its work as a caretaker cabinet until the formation of a new government.[31][32][33]

On 15 January 2020, Putin nominated Mishustin for the post of Prime Minister.[1]According to Putin, he was offered four candidates, but Mishustin was not among them. As a result, Putin independently decided to nominate Mishustin for the Prime Minister.[34]The next day he was confirmed by the State Duma to the post[35][36]and appointed Prime Minister by Putin's decree.[37]This was the first time ever that a Prime Minister was confirmed without any votes against.

On 7 May 2024, afterinauguration of Vladimir PutinMishustin resigned along with the government. On May 9, 2024, Putin again nominated Mishustin for the post of Prime Minister. On May 10, the State Duma approved Mishustin as Prime Minister for a second term.[38]

State Duma confirmation
Date For Against Abstaining Did not vote
16 January 2020 383 85.1% 0 0.0% 41 9.1% 25 5.6%
Source:Справка о результатах голосования
10 May 2024 375 83.3% 0 0.0% 57 12.7% 18 4.0%
Source:Госдума утвердила кандидатуру
Михаила Мишустина на должность премьер-министра

Cabinets

Main articles:Mikhail Mishustin's First CabinetandMikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet
Meeting of the Mishustin's First Cabinet on 21 January 2020

On 21 January 2020, Mishustin presented to President Vladimir Putin a draft structure of his Cabinet. On the same day, the President signed a decree on the structure of the Cabinet and appointed the proposed Ministers.[39][40][41]

The cabinet contained multiple members fromMedvedev's Second Cabinet.Only four Deputy Prime Ministers remained (three retaining their positions and one being appointed to another post), along with twelve Ministers.[42]

According to many political analysts, Mishustin is the only one of Putin's Prime Ministers who truly formed his "own" cabinet. He gathered a team of his own people and associates. Before that, in the 21st century, only Putin was able to do this. In particular, two Deputy Prime Ministers were deputies of Mishustin in the Federal Tax Service. According to experts, this means that Mishustin has been givencarte blanchefor changes.[43][44]

On 26 March 2020, Mishustin proposed to restore the Government's Presidium, a body in the structure of the Cabinet formed to solve operational issues. Previously, such a body existed in Medvedev's First Cabinet, but had been abolished in Medvedev's Second Cabinet.[45]

The Cabinet resigned on 7 May 2024 after theinauguration of Vladimir Putin.However on Putin's instructions the Cabinet continued its work as a caretaker cabinet.[46]

On 11 May 2024, President Vladimir Putin approved the structure of the Cabinet of Ministers. In general, the structure of the Government has remained the same. As in the previous cabinet, the new one will have one First Deputy Prime Minister and 9 Deputy Prime Ministers. Also, the positions of Federal Ministers remained unchanged. At the same time, the post of Minister of Industry and Trade was separated from the post of Deputy Prime Minister.[47]On the same day, Mikhail Mishustin nominated candidates for the positions of Deputy Prime Ministers and Ministers.[48]State Duma approved the candidates for the posts of the First Deputy Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Ministers on 13 May[49]and for the posts of Federal Ministers on 14 May.[50]

On 12 May 2024, President Vladimir Putin nominated candidates for the positions of Ministers of Defense, Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, Justice and Emergency Situations. Of the five ministers, four retained their positions. At the same time, former First Deputy Prime MinisterAndrey Belousovwas nominated for the post of Defence Minister insteadSergey Shoygu,who was appointed new Secretary of theSecurity Council.[51]Federation Council held relevant consultations on 14 May.[52]

On 14 May 2024, President Vladimir Putin appointed the approved nominees for Deputy Prime Ministers and Federal Ministers.[53]

Term

Mishustin cut the Federal budget for 2020 to 2022, in correspondence to the2020 Presidential Address to the Parliament.Mishustin engaged in the digital economy and promised support to large companies. He also suggested creating a common electronic income database for Russians, where all citizens' incomes will be tracked.[54]

Since February 2020, Mishustin has started traveling around the country to make a real assessment of living conditions in various regions and identify issues on which it is necessary to strengthen work.[55]Before the start of the coronavirus pandemic, Mishustin managed to visit four regions:Novgorod,Kurgan,YaroslavlandKostromaoblasts. In July 2020, after a decline in the active spread of the virus and the lifting of restrictions related to the pandemic, Mishustin resumed his trips, visitingTatarstan.[56]

COVID-19 pandemic

Main article:COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Meeting of the Government Coordination Council to control the incidence of coronavirus on 16 March 2020

On 27 January 2020, Mishustin instructed the formation of an operational headquarters for the prevention ofCOVID-19and on 29 January, approved its composition. Deputy Prime MinisterTatyana Golikovawas appointed its chief.[57]On 30 January, he signed an order to close the borders withChinain theRussian Far East.[58]On 18 February, Mishustin signed an order banning Chinese citizens from entering Russia. The ban has been in effect since 20 February.[59]

On 14 March, Mishustin created a Coordinating Council for the fight against coronavirus, which he personally headed.[60]The next day, by presidential decree, a working group of theState Councilwas created, headed by Moscow MayorSergey Sobyanin.However, according toDmitry Peskov,Mishustin's Coordinating Council is more important than Sobyanin's Working Group.[61]

Mishustin, President Putin and Moscow MayorSergey Sobyaninat the Coronavirus Monitoring Center on 17 March 2020

Since 16 March 2020, flights to and from theEuropean Union,NorwayandSwitzerlandare limited to regular flights between capital cities (orGenevain case of Switzerland) andMoscow Sheremetyevo Airport,and charter flights.[62]Mishustin furthermore announced the closure ofthe borderwith Belarus for the movement of people, for which he was criticized by Belarusian PresidentAlexander Lukashenko,and an entry ban for foreigners imposed from 18 March to 1 May.[63][64]In addition, borders with other countries bordering Russia were also closed.[65]

On 18 and 19 March, Mishustin announced measures to support business. In particular, he instructed to defer the payment of taxes for travel agencies and airlines, as well as to defer insurance premiums for small businesses.[66][67]On 19 March, he also announced the government's control over food and drug prices due to the coronavirus. It also temporarily lifted all restrictions on the supply of essential goods.[68]On 20 March, Mishustin proclaimed that flights to the United States, United Kingdom and United Arab Emirates would be restricted.[69]On the same day, Mishustin announced that six drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 had been developed in Russia and were being tested.[70]

On 27 March, as a follow-up to Putin's address to the nation, Mishustin ordered all reservations atpensionsorholiday housesto be cancelled from 28 March to 1 June, recommended regional authorities to close all thepistesat resorts for the same period, instructed them to force all the public eating places (except for delivery services) to suspend activities from 28 March to 5 April, and recommend the citizens to refrain from travelling.[71]

On 30 March, as Moscow and Moscow Oblast declared a lockdown, Mishustin urged all regions to follow the example and take similar measures. He also announced a bill that would raise fines for breaching quarantine requirements.[72][73]On 1 April, Mishustin and theMinister of CommunicationsMaxut Shadayevannounced creating a system of tracking quarantine violation based on data ofmobile network operators.Violators will receive a text message, and if they breach it systematically, the information will be sent to the police.[74]

After testing positive forCOVID-19on 30 April, he suggested to President Putin that his deputyAndrey Belousovbe appointed to take over for him as the acting Prime Minister. Putin signed a decree to that effect, appointing Belousov to the role on an acting basis, following Mishustin's recommendation.[75]After recovering, Mishustin resumed discharging his duties as Prime Minister on 19 May, following Putin signing a decree permitting him to do so.[76]He was the highest-ranking Russian official and the second head of government in the world (after British PMBoris Johnson) to become infected with the virus.[75][77]

Economic recovery plan

On 1 June 2020, Mishustin announced that a national plan to restore the economy, employment and income of the population after the coronavirus pandemic was ready and on 2 June he presented the plan to President Putin. The plan included 3 stages, 9 sections, 30 priority areas and about 500 events.[78]According to the plan, the recovery of the economy was given one and a half years – until the end of 2021. The goals of the plan were to achieve sustainable growth in real incomes, reduce the unemployment rate to less than 5%, and ensure that GDP growth rates are at least 2.5% per year.[79]

Domestic policy

IT industry
Mishustin at the IT conference inInnopolison 9 July 2020

In June 2020, Mishustin proposed a tax maneuver for IT companies in order to reduce the load and create a comfortable competitive regime in this area.[80]President Putin supported this idea and instructed the government to work on it.[81]As part of the maneuver, Mishustin proposed to reduce the income tax on IT companies from 20% to 3%, as well as to reduce insurance premiums from 14% to 7.6%.[82]On June 23, Putin officially announced the tax maneuver prepared by Mishustin.[83]

On 9 July 2020, Mishustin visitedTatarstanwhere he took part in the IT conference, where he met with the managers of the country's leading IT companies. During his speech, Mishustin spoke about the government's program for the development of the IT industry, which includes a new tax regime, support for innovation, assistance to startups, development of public-private partnerships, etc.[84]According to him, the Russian jurisdiction should become the most attractive for IT companies. Mishustin stated: "It is obvious that following the leaders of digitalization leads countries to a new digital dependence. Russia cannot afford to take a place among the dependent countries, which means that we have no choice, we must go forward and be leaders."[85]

Transport
Mishustin and Deputy Prime MinisterMarat Khusnullinconduct a helicopter inspection of the construction of the Moscow–Kazan highway on 10 July 2020.

On 10 July 2020, during his trip to Tatarstan, Mishustin launched the construction of theMoscow–Kazanhighway, which will become part of the route Europe - Western China. Mishustin called this construction the largest road project in Russia.[86]Given the significance of the project (which is one of the parts of the plan to restore the economy after thecoronavirus crisis), Mishustin instructed to launch the highway in 2024, which is three years earlier than originally planned. For this purpose, he promised to allocate additional funds.[87]In addition, he instructed Transport MinisterYevgeny Dietrichto work on the issue of extending the highway toYekaterinburgby 2030.[88]

Administrative reform

On 16 November 2020, Mishustin announced an administrative reform aimed at optimizing the state apparatus and its efficiency.[89]As part of the reform, it is planned to reduce the number of civil servants (mainly at the expense of positions that remain vacant), and bring the structure of Federal Executive bodies to uniform standards.[90]It is also planned to reorganize the majority offederal state unitary enterprises.According to the draft, they should be liquidated or transformed into joint-stock companies with further privatization.[91]

On 23 November 2020, Mishustin also announced the optimization of the so-called development institutions (state funds, agencies and companies engaged in stimulating innovation processes using public-private partnership mechanisms). As part of this reform, it is planned to form an investment block based onVEB.RF,with the transfer of a number of the development institutions under its management, as well as the direct transfer of the functions of the abolished institutions to it.[92]

Foreign policy

Main article:List of international prime ministerial trips made by Mikhail Mishustin
Mishustin with Prime Minister of KazakhstanAsqar Mamin,on 31 January 2020
Mishustin with Prime Minister of ArmeniaNikol Pashinyan,on 17 July 2020
Mishustin with Chinese PresidentXi Jinpingin Moscow, on 21 March 2023

According to theBBC,"Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin has the unenviable task of rescuing the economy but has little say over" theRussian invasion of Ukraine.[93]According to sources close to the Kremlin, Mishustin was unaware of Putin's plans to launch a full-scale invasion of Ukraine and does not want to be associated with the war.[94]

In May 2023, Mishustin and Deputy Prime MinisterAlexander Novakvisited Beijing and met with Chinese PresidentXi Jinping.Mishustin said that "relations between Russia and China are at an unprecedented high level."[95]

Sanctions

Mishustin is under personal sanctions in the United States,[96]Canada,[b][97]the European Union,[98]the United Kingdom,[99]Switzerland[98]and New Zealand[100]due to theRussian invasion of Ukraine.

Personal life

Mishustin is married and has three sons.[21]He playsice hockey.[21]He is also an avid spectator of the sport,[20]and is a member of the supervisory board ofHC CSKA Moscow.[14][21]It has been reported that, prior to his selection as Prime Minister, he and Putin developed a rapport with each other through their shared enthusiasm for the sport.[14]Mishustin is an amateur musician,[14]and is apianist.[21]As a hobby he has writtenpop music,including for the singerGrigory Leps.[14]

On 30 April 2020, Mishustin tested positive for theSARS-CoV-2virus amidst theCOVID-19 pandemic in Russia.He informed PresidentVladimir Putinof his infection via a video-call.[101]He also stated that he was going into self-quarantine. Putin expressed sympathy and wished him a quick recovery. Mishustin was the first high-ranking Russian official to disclose his coronavirus infection to the public.[102]His diagnosis also made him the most high-profile political figure in Russia to contract the coronavirus.[75]

Wealth

Mishustin's family owns real estate valued at $48.2 million in the Moscow area.[103]The real estate is held by his father (Vladimir Mishustin), two oldest sons, and sister (Natalya Stenina).[103]

On 16 January 2020, the Russia-basedAnti-Corruption Foundationcalled on Mishustin to explain how his wife earned almost 800 million rubles (nearly £10 million) over 9 years.[104][105]On 19 January, theKommersantnewspaper published a detailed analysis of all the financial activities of Mishustin, including his leadership of UFG Invest — one of the country's largest investment companies. When switching to the civil service in 2010, Mishustin, in accordance with the law, transferred all his assets and investment projects to his wife.[106]Following the transfer, Vladlena Mishustina began receiving dividends, which is confirmed by official declarations.[107][108][109]According toKommersant,a significant part of the assets were sold in 2013 and 2014, and the proceeds were placed in deposit accounts to receive interest.[110][111]

Mishustin's sister Natalya Stenina (Russian:Наталья Стенина) was married to Alexander Evgenievich Udodov from 2008 until 18 December 2020.[112][113][114]According toAlexei Navalny,Udodov was the beneficial owner of several apartments in the 20 Pine Street building in New York City that were purchased in December 2009 within three weeks of whenDenis Katsyv'sPrevezon Holdings,which was stolen fromSergei Magnitsky,acquired several properties in the same building near Wall Street in theNew York City Financial District.[115][116]Udodov relinquished control of these properties in 2018.[117]

Awards

Foreign

Ecclesiastical

  • Patriarchal Badge of the Temple Builder (25 June 2017)[122]
  • Order of the Venerable Seraphim of Sarov III degree (28 August 2019)[123]

Ranks

Notes

  1. ^Belousov also served as Acting Prime Minister from 30 April to 19 May 2020 in connection with Mikhail Mishustin being diagnosed withCOVID-19
  2. ^Pursuant to the Special Economic Measures Act (S.C. 1992, c. 17) for Grave Breach of International Peace and Security)

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  46. ^"Путин подписал указ об отставке правительства".Retrieved7 May2024.
  47. ^"Указ о структуре федеральных органов исполнительной власти".government.ru(in Russian).Retrieved11 May2024.
  48. ^"Михаил Мишустин внес на рассмотрение Госдумы новый состав Правительства".government.ru(in Russian).Retrieved11 May2024.
  49. ^"Депутаты утвердили кандидатуры на должности заместителей Председателя Правительства РФ".Государственная Дума(in Russian). 13 May 2024.Retrieved14 May2024.
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  54. ^"Мишустин обещал объединить все домохозяйства в систему контроля за доходами".Интерфакс(in Russian).Archivedfrom the original on 4 August 2020.Retrieved27 July2020.
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  59. ^"Мишустин запретил гражданам Китая въезд в Россию".РБК(in Russian). 18 February 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 14 March 2020.Retrieved21 March2020.
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  89. ^""Откладывать больше нельзя": Мишустин объявил реформу системы госуправления ".Forbes.16 November 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 1 December 2020.Retrieved30 November2020.
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  93. ^"Ukraine conflict: Who's in Putin's inner circle and running the war?".BBC News.2 March 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 3 March 2022.Retrieved4 March2022.
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  108. ^"Активы семьи нового премьер-министра России Михаила Мишустина составляют сотни миллионов рублей".Эхо Москвы.19 January 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 31 January 2020.Retrieved31 January2020.
  109. ^""Коммерсант" объяснил доходы жены премьера Мишустина "консервативным инвестированием"".Новая газета.20 January 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 31 January 2020.Retrieved31 January2020.
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  112. ^Meduza staff (25 February 2020)."Упомянутый в расследованиях о Мишустине бизнесмен Удодов оказался мужем его сестры"[The businessman Udodov mentioned in the investigations about Mishustin turned out to be the husband of his sister].Meduza(in Russian).Archivedfrom the original on 13 May 2021.Retrieved5 March2021.
  113. ^Телегина, Наталья (Telegina, Natalia) (25 February 2020)."Бизнесмен Удодов рассказал о своих связях с премьером Мишустиным. Что не так в его откровениях?"[Businessman Udodov spoke about his connections with Prime Minister Mishustin. What's wrong with his revelations?].Открытых медиа(OpenMedia.io)(in Russian).Archivedfrom the original on 26 January 2021.Retrieved5 March2021.{{cite news}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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External links

Government offices
Preceded by Director of the Federal Tax Service
2010–2020 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Russia
2020–present 		Incumbent
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Chairman of the Council of Ministers of theUnion State
2020–present 		Incumbent
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mikhail_Mishustin&oldid=1230370447"