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Minnie Pearl

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Minnie Pearl
Pearl in 1965
Born
Sarah Ophelia Colley

(1912-10-25)October 25, 1912
Centerville, Tennessee,U.S.
DiedMarch 4, 1996(1996-03-04)(aged 83)
Nashville, Tennessee,U.S.
Resting placeMount Hope Cemetery,Franklin,Tennessee, U.S.
Alma materWard-Belmont College
OccupationCountry comedienne
Years active1939–1991
TelevisionHee-Haw
Spouse
Henry R. Cannon
​
(m.1947)​

Sarah Ophelia Colley Cannon(October 25, 1912 – March 4, 1996), known professionally as her stage characterMinnie Pearl,was an American comedian who appeared at theGrand Ole Opryfor more than 50 years (1940–1991) and on the television showHee Hawfrom 1969 to 1991.[1][2]

Biography

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Early life

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Sarah Colley was born inCentervilleinHickman County, Tennessee,50 miles (80 km) southwest ofNashville.She was the youngest of five daughters born to a prosperous sawmill owner and timber dealer in Centerville.[3]

She graduated fromWard-Belmont College(nowBelmont University), at the time Nashville's most prestigious school for young ladies, where she majored in theater studies and dance. She taught dance for the first few years after graduating.[4]

Professional career

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Her first professional theatrical work was with the Wayne P. Sewell Production Company, a touring theater company based in Atlanta. She produced and directed plays andmusicalsfor local organizations in small towns throughout theSoutheast.[3][4]

Part of her work involved making brief appearances at civic organizations to promote the group's shows, and during this time she developed her Minnie Pearl routine.[4]While producing an amateur musical comedy inBaileyton, Alabamashe met amountain womanwhose style and speech became the basis for "Cousin Minnie Pearl".[3]Her first stage performance as Minnie Pearl was in 1939 inAiken, South Carolina.[3]Her character's now-famous trademark hat was purchased downtown at Surasky Bros. Department store before the show. The following year, executives from Nashville radio stationWSMsaw her perform at a bankers' convention in Centerville and gave her an opportunity to appear on theGrand Ole Opryon November 30, 1940.[3][4]The success of her debut on the show began an association with the Grand Ole Opry that continued for more than 50 years.[5]

Pearl's comedy was gentlesatireof ruralSouthernculture, often called "hillbilly"culture. She lived in the fictional town of Grinders Switch. Pearl always dressed in frilly" down home "dresses and wore a hat with a price tag hanging from it, displaying the $1.98 price. Her signature greeting to her audience was an elongated" Howdy! I'm just so proud to be here! "delivered in a hearty holler.[6]After she became an established star, her greeting became a call-and-response with audiences everywhere. Pearl's often self-deprecating humor involved her unsuccessful attempts to attract "a feller's" attention and, in later years, her age. She also spun stories involving her comical "ne'er-do-well" relatives, notably "Uncle Nabob", his wife "Aunt Ambrosia", "Lucifer Hucklehead", "Miss Lizzie Tinkum", "Doc Payne", and, of course, her "Brother", who was simultaneously both slow-witted and wise. She usually closed her monologues with the exit line, "I love you so much it hurts!" She also sang comic novelty songs and often danced withGrandpa Jones.

In 1956, she made a paid appearance – $3,000, plus expenses – at the kickoff event of the first Alabama gubernatorial candidacy of segregationistGeorge Wallace.She also appeared at an event kicking off his 1962 candidacy for governor.

Hat on display at theNational Museum of American HistoryinWashington, D.C.

Pearl drew much of her comic material from her hometown of Centerville, which she calledGrinders Switch.Grinders Switch was a community just outside Centerville that consisted of little more than a railroad switch. Those who knew her recognized that the characters were largely based on actual Centerville residents. So much traffic resulted from fans and tourists looking for Grinders Switch that the Hickman County Highway Department eventually changed the designation on the "Grinders Switch" road sign to "Hickman Springs Road".

Cannon portrayed Minnie Pearl for many years on television, first onABC'sOzark Jubileein the late 1950s; then on the long-running television seriesHee Haw,both onCBSand the subsequentsyndicatedversion. She made several appearances onNBC'sThe Ford Show, Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford.She also appeared as a celebrity panelist on game shows such asMatch Gamein 1977 and 1978, andHollywood Squaresin 1980. Her last regular performances on national television were onRalph Emery'sNashville Nowcountry-music talk show on the formerThe Nashville Network (TNN)cablechannel. With Emery, she performed in a weekly feature "Let Minnie Steal Your Joke" in the Minnie Pearl character, and read jokes submitted by viewers, with prizes for the best jokes.[3]

Cannon made acameoappearance in the filmCoal Miner's Daughter,appearing at the Opry as Minnie Pearl.

Family life

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A life-sized statue of Minnie Pearl sits on a pew alongside a statue ofRoy Acuffin the lobby ofRyman Auditorium.

On February 23, 1947, Colley married Henry R. Cannon, who had been anArmy Air Corpsfighter pilotduringWorld War IIand was then a partner in anair charterservice. After the wedding, Cannon set up his own air charter service for country music performers and took over management of the Minnie Pearl character.[3][5]His clients in the charter service includedEddy Arnold,Colonel Tom Parker,Hank Williams,Carl Smith,Webb Pierce,andElvis Presley.[3]The couple had no children.[5]In 1969, they purchased a large estate home in Nashville next door to theTennessee Governor's Mansion.[7]Cannon attended Brentwood Methodist Church, just to the south of Nashville, where she also donated the pipe organ.[8]

Chicken restaurants

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See also:List of fast-food chicken restaurants

In the late 1960s, Nashville entrepreneurJohn Jay Hookerpersuaded Cannon andgospelsingerMahalia Jacksonto lend their names to achainoffried chicken restaurantsestablished to compete withKentucky Fried Chicken.After initially reporting good results and enjoying a public stock worth $64 million, the venture collapsed amid allegations of accounting irregularities and stock price manipulation. The ensuing investigation by theU.S. Securities and Exchange Commissioncleared both Cannon and Jackson of involvement in financial wrongdoings, but both were embarrassed by the negative publicity.

Cancer research

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After battlingbreast cancerthrough aggressive treatments, including a doublemastectomyandradiation therapy,she became a spokeswoman for the medical center in Nashville where she had been treated. She took on this role as herself, Sarah Ophelia Cannon, not Minnie Pearl, although anonprofitgroup, the Minnie Pearl Cancer Foundation, was founded in her memory to help fund cancer research. The center where she was treated was later named the Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, and has been expanded to at least twenty other hospitals inMiddle Tennessee,southern Kentucky, Richmond, Virginia, Kansas City, Missouri, Gainesville, Florida, and the UK. Her name has also been lent to the affiliatedSarah Cannon Research Institute.[9][10]

Final years

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Cannon suffered a debilitatingstrokein June 1991,[3]bringing her performing career to an end. After the stroke, she resided in a Nashvillenursing home,where she received frequent visits from music industry figures, includingChely Wright,Vince Gill,andAmy Grant.Her death on March 4, 1996, at the age of 83 was attributed to complications from another stroke. She is buried at Mount Hope Cemetery inFranklin, Tennessee.

Legacy and influence

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She was an important influence on younger femalecountry musicsingers and rural humorists such asJerry Clower,Jeff Foxworthy,Bill Engvall,Carl Hurley,David L Cook,Chonda Pierce,Ron White,andLarry the Cable Guy.In 1992, she was awarded theNational Medal of Arts.In 2002, she was ranked as number 14 onCMT's 40 Greatest Women in Country Music list.[citation needed]

According toBarney Hoskyns,the Band's 1975 song "Ophelia"was based on Pearl.[11]Pearl is also mentioned in the lyrics of the 1988 song "Punk Rock Girl"bythe Dead Milkmen.[12][13]

In 1988, Pearl received theAmerican Academy of Achievement's Golden Plate Award, presented byJohnny Cash,alongside fellow awardeeRoy Acuff,at an awards ceremony in Nashville.[14]

She was friends with performers outside the country genre, includingElvis Presley,Dean Martin(she appeared on an episode ofThe Dean Martin Show), andPaul Reubens(Pee-wee Herman).[15]In 1992, Reubens made what would be his last appearance as Pee-wee Herman for 15 years at a Minnie Pearl tribute show.[16]

Bronze statues of Minnie Pearl and Roy Acuff are displayed in the lobby of theRyman Auditorium.Chely Wrightand Dean Sams (ofLonestar) posed for the statues.[citation needed]

A museum dedicated to Minnie Pearl was situated just outside the Grand Ole Opry House atOpryland USA(next to another museum dedicated to Roy Acuff), but the museum closed along with the theme park in 1997. Many of its artifacts were moved to the adjacent Grand Ole Opry Museum.

Books

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Title Publisher/Studio Copyright[17]
Minnie Pearl's Diary Greenberg 1953
Minnie Pearl's Christmas at Grinder's Switch(WithTennessee Ernie Ford) Abingdon Press 1963
Minnie Pearl Cooks Aurora Publishers 1970
Minnie Pearl: An Autobiography(with Joan Dew) Simon & Schuster 1980
Christmas at Grinder's Switch(withRoy Acuff) Abingdon Press 1985
Best Jokes Minnie Pearl Ever Told (Plus a Few She Overheard!)(compiled by Kevin Kenworthy) Rutledge Hill Press 1999

Recordings

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Albums

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Title Record Label Copyright[17]
Howdy! Sunset 1960
America's Beloved Minnie Pearl Starday 1965
The Country Music Story Starday 1966
Lookin' Fer a Feller Starday 1967
Grandpa Jonesand Minnie Pearl RCA Camden 1973

Selected guest appearances on albums

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This list includes guest appearances on other stars' albums or appearances on "various artists" compilation albums.

Title Record Label Copyright[17]
Country Music Caravan RCA Victor 1954
Hall of Fame(Vol. 9), (contributor) Starday c. 1969
Thunder on the Road Starday c. 1970
Stars of the Grand Ole Opry RCA 1974
Live at the Grand Ole Opry(WithHank Williams) MGM 1976
New Harvest...First Gathering(Dolly Partonalbum; appears on the track "Applejack" ) RCA 1977
Backstage at the Grand Ole Opry RCA 1980
Surely You Joust(Ray Stevensalbum; appears on the track "Southern Air" ) MCA 1986
Out Among the Stars(PosthumousJohnny Cashalbum; appears on the track "If I Told You Who It Was", recorded in the 1980s) Columbia Records 2014

Singles

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Minnie Pearl released a number of single records forRCA Victorduring the 1950s, including a few duets with Grandpa Jones. During this period, she also made guest appearances on records byChet AtkinsandErnest Tubb.In the 1960s, she moved to Starday Records. At age 54, she recorded a top-10 hit for Starday, "Giddyup Go – Answer", a response toRed Sovine's classic "Giddyup Go".[18]She later recorded with Sovine andBuddy Starcherin other single releases.

Pearl was back on RCA in 1974 whenArchie Campbelland she released a parody record ofLoretta LynnandConway Twitty's hit "As Soon As I Hang Up the Phone" which received airplay, but did not chart. In 1977, she appeared with a number of other Opry members onDolly Parton'sNew Harvest...First Gatheringalbum, singing on the song "Applejack". In 1986, she was a featured guest vocalist, along withJerry Clower,on theRay Stevenscomedy single entitled "Southern Air". It charted in the top 70 ofBillboard.

Year Title US Country
1966 "Giddyup Go – Answer" 10

Notes

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  1. ^"Movies".The New York Times.RetrievedJanuary 9,2020.
  2. ^O'Connor, John J. (October 26, 1992)."Review/Television; A Howdy to Minnie Pearl, Price Tags and All".The New York Times.Archivedfrom the original on March 26, 2009.RetrievedDecember 9,2018.
  3. ^abcdefghiMinnie Pearl Inductee Biography,Country Music Hall of Fame website. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  4. ^abcdJames Manheim (All Music Guide),Minnie Pearl Biography,retrieved from the Country Music Television website, February 14, 2009.
  5. ^abcEdward T. James; Janet Wilson James; Paul S. Boyer (1971).Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary.Harvard University Press. p. 506.ISBN978-0-674-01488-6.
  6. ^"Minnie Pearl Biography, Songs, & Albums".AllMusic.
  7. ^"MusicCityPearl.com".Archived fromthe originalon September 29, 2007.Retrieved2007-01-17.
  8. ^Bordsen, John (24 December 2000)."Nashville Country Here's Where The Music Stars Hang Their Hats".Dec. 24, 2000.RetrievedMay 23,2014.
  9. ^"Creating a More Confident Cancer Journey | PearlPoint".Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-16.
  10. ^"Expert Cancer Care Navigated Close to Home".Sarahcannon.com.RetrievedJanuary 9,2020.
  11. ^Hoskyns, B.(2006).Across the Great Divide: The Band and America.Hal Leonard.ASINB001C4QHK0.
  12. ^Huey, Steve."Punk Rock Girl by Dead Milkmen | Song Review".AllMusic.RetrievedAugust 22,2022.
  13. ^Macnow, Glen;Graham, Big Daddy(2019).The Great Book of Philadelphia Sports Lists(Completely Revised and Updated ed.). Running Press Adult.ISBN978-0762496082.
  14. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement".achievement.org.American Academy of Achievement.
  15. ^"Paul Reubens interview".Archived fromthe originalon October 5, 2008.
  16. ^Lloyd, Robert (July 10, 2006)."Pee-wee's Back in the Limelight".Los Angeles Times.Archived fromthe originalon October 17, 2020.RetrievedMay 16,2009.
  17. ^abc"LC Catalog - Legacy Catalog Retired".Catalog.loc.gov.RetrievedJanuary 9,2020.
  18. ^Minnie Pearl Biography,CMT.com. Retrieved June 2, 2011.

References

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