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Mitsubishi Astron engine

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Mitsubishi Astron engine
Mitsubishi G54B engine
Overview
ManufacturerMitsubishi Motors
Also called4G5/4D5
Production1972–2023
Layout
ConfigurationFour-cylinder
Displacement1.9–2.6 L (1,850–2,555 cc)
Cylinder bore84 mm (3.31 in)
88 mm (3.46 in)
91.1 mm (3.59 in)
Piston stroke90 mm (3.54 in)
95 mm (3.74 in)
98 mm (3.86 in)
Cylinder blockmaterialCast-iron[1]
Cylinder headmaterialaluminium[1]
Valvetrain
Compression ratio8.8:1-21.0:1
Combustion
TurbochargerTD04, TD05 or TF035HL2variable geometrywithintercooler(on some versions)
FuelsystemCarburetor
Multi-point fuel injection
Throttle-body fuel injection
Indirect injection
Common railDirect Injection
Fuel typeGasoline,Diesel
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output46–178 PS (34–131 kW)
Torque output137–400 N⋅m (101–295 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
SuccessorSirius 4G64(Gasoline engine)

TheMitsubishi Astronor4G5/4D5 engine,is a series ofstraight-fourinternal combustion enginesfirst built byMitsubishi Motorsin 1972.Engine displacementranged from 1.8 to 2.6litres,making it one of the largest four-cylinder engines of its time.

Design

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It employed a hemisphericalcylinder head,chain-drivensingle overhead camshaft (SOHC)and eightvalves(two per cylinder). United States passenger car versions had a small secondary intake valve referred to as the "Jet Valve". This valve induced swirl in the intake charge, enabling the use of leaner fuel/air mixtures for lower emissions. It was designed as a cartridge containing the valve spring and seat which simply screwed into a threaded hole in the head, similar to aspark plugbut inside the cam cover. Therocker armsfor the intake valve were widened on the valve end to accommodate the cartridge, which was equipped with a very soft valve spring in order to avoid wear on the camshaft intake lobe. Modifications to the head were thereby reduced as the Jet Valve negated the necessity for a three-valve-per-cylinder design.[2]

In 1975, theAstron 80introduced a system dubbed "Silent Shaft": the first use of twinbalance shaftsin a modern engine. It followed the designs ofFrederick Lanchester,whose original patents Mitsubishi had obtained, and proved influential asFiat/Lancia,SaabandPorscheall licensed this technology.

The4D5 engineis a range of four-cylinderbelt-driven overhead camshaftdiesel engineswhich were part of the "Astron" family, and introduced in 1980 in the then new fifth generationGalant.As the first turbodiesel to be offered in a Japanese passenger car, it proved popular in the emergingSUVandminivanmarkets where Mitsubishi was highly successful, until superseded by the4M4 rangein 1993. However, production of the 4D5 (4D56) continued throughout the 1990s as a lower-cost option than the more modern powerplants. Until now it is still in production, but made into a modern powerplant by putting a common rail direct injection fuel system into the engine.

4G51 (1.85 liters)

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The4G51displaces 1.9 L (1,850 cc).

Applications:

4G52 (2.0 liters)

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The4G52displaces 2.0 L (1,995 cc). Peak power for a 1975 Canter is 100 PS (74 kW), but power increased to as much as 125 PS (92 kW) for the twin-carb version fitted to the Galant GTO GSR and A115 Galant GS-II.

Used an 84 mm × 90 mm (3.31 in × 3.54 in) bore and stroke. In Australia this engine was used in the Sigma, Scorpion and L200.

Applications:

4G53 (2.4 liters)

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TheSOHCeight-valve4G53displaces 2.4 L (2,384 cc), with bore & stroke at 88 mm × 98 mm (3.46 in × 3.86 in). Peak power is 110 PS (81 kW) at 5000 rpm,[4]as fitted to the Rosa bus or the Canter cabover truck. This engine shares its dimensions with the contemporaryFuso 4DR1diesel engine.

Applications

4G54 (2.6 liters)

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TheSOHCeight-valve4G54(also known as theG54B) displaces 2.6 L (2,555 cc), with bore & stroke at 91.1 mm × 98 mm (3.59 in × 3.86 in). The G54B for the US market had a cylinder head with additional jet valves to improve emissions (MCA-Jet system). The engine was fitted to various Mitsubishi models from 1978 to 1997 and to the American ChryslerK-carsand their derivatives between 1981 and 1987. It was primarily set uplongitudinallyfor use inrear-wheel driveandall-wheel driveplatforms but also as atransverse enginein thefront-wheel driveplatform of theMitsubishi MagnaandChrysler K platform.Chrysler commonly marketed the engine "Hemi,"whereas the Australian-made version was marketed as the" Astron II "and featured"Balance Shaft"technology, which was subsequently licensed to Porsche and other automakers. The original engine featured a Mikuni two-barrelcarburetorwith a secondary vacuum actuator; later versions adopted EFI. Chrysler commonly paired this engine with itsA4703-speed automatic transmission; in Australia, Mitsubishi adapted it to a 5-speed manual transmission and its "ELC" (Electronic Control) 4-speed automatic transmission, featuring electronic overdrive. Chrysler eventually replaced the 4G54 with its own 2.5 L engine, whereas Mitsubishi replaced it with a 2.4 L engine codenamed4G64.

Specifications:

ECI-Multi

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Multi-point fuel injection

  • 98 kW (131 hp) at 4750 rpm (91 RON)
  • 102 kW (137 hp) at 4750 rpm (95 RON)
  • 212 N⋅m (156 lb⋅ft) at 3750 rpm (91 RON)
  • 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm (95 RON)
  • Compression ratio: 9.2:1

Carburetor

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Single two-Venturidowndraught carburetor. 85 kW (114 hp) at 5000 rpm (91 RON), 198 N⋅m (146 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm (91 RON). Compression ratio: 8.8:1

Applications:

4G55 (2.3 liters)

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The4G55displaces 2.3 L (2,346 cc).

4D55 (2.3 liters diesel)

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Displacement - 2.3 L (2,346 cc)
Bore x Stroke - 91.1 mm × 90 mm (3.59 in × 3.54 in)
Fuel Type - Diesel
Valves per cylinder - 2[7][8][9]

Non-Turbo

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  • Power - 55 kW (75 PS) at 4200 rpm (JIS)[10]
48 kW (65 hp) at 4200 rpm (SAE)
  • Torque - 147 N⋅m (108 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm (JIS)
137 N⋅m (101 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm (SAE)

Turbo (TC05 non-wastegated turbo)

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  • Power - 60 kW (80 hp) at 4000 rpm (SAE)
  • Torque - 169 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm (SAE)
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
  • Compression ratio - 21.0:1 (384 psi (26.5 bar))[11]
  • Applications - 1980-1983

Turbo (TD04 wastegated turbo)

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  • Power - 70 kW (95 PS) at 4200 rpm (JIS)[10]
62 kW (84 PS) at 4200 rpm (DIN)[10]
64 kW (86 hp) at 4200 rpm (SAE)
  • Torque - 181 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm (JIS)
175 N⋅m (129 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm (DIN)
182 N⋅m (134 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm (SAE)

4D56 (2.5 liters diesel)

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Turbocharged and intercooled 4D56 engine in a 1991Mitsubishi Pajero

Displacement - 2.5 L (2,477 cc)
Bore x Stroke - 91.1 mm × 95 mm (3.59 in × 3.74 in)
Fuel type - DIESEL

This engine is also built byHyundaiin South Korea, meaning it also sees use in some products made by theirKiasubsidiary. Hyundai calls it theD4BA/D4BX(normally aspirated),D4BF(non-intercooled turbo), orD4BH(intercooled turbo).

Non-Turbo

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  • Power - 74 hp (55 kW) at 4200 rpm
  • Torque - 105 lb⋅ft (142 N⋅m) at 2500 rpm
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
  • Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump
  • Compression ratio - 21.0:1

Non-intercooled Turbo

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  • Power - 84 PS (62 kW) at 4200 rpm[12]
  • Torque - 148 lb⋅ft (201 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC

Intercooled Turbo (TD04 Turbo)

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  • Power - 90 hp (67 kW) at 4200 rpm
  • Torque - 145 lb⋅ft (197 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
  • Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump
  • Compression ratio - 21.0:1[13]

Intercooled Turbo (TD04 water-cooled Turbo)

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  • Power - 99 hp (74 kW) at 4300 rpm
  • Torque - 177 lb⋅ft (240 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
  • Rocker arm - Roller Follower type[14]
  • Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump (indirect injection)
  • Combustion chamber - Swirl type
  • Bore x Stroke - 91.1 mm × 95 mm (3.59 in × 3.74 in)
  • Compression ratio - 21.0:1
  • Lubrication System - Pressure feed, full flow filtration
  • IntercoolerType - Aluminium Air-to-Air, Top-mounted
  • Turbocharger - Mitsubishi TD04-09B

Also known as Hyundai D4BH[15]

Intercooled Turbo TF035HL2 (1st Generation DI-D)

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  • Power - 114 PS (84 kW) at 4000 rpm
  • Torque - 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder
  • Fuel system - 1st GenerationCommon RailDirect Injection(CRDi)
  • Compression ratio - 17.0:1[13][16][17]

Intercooled Turbo (2nd Generation DI-D)

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  • Power - 136 PS (100 kW) at 4000 rpm
  • Torque - 236 lb⋅ft (320 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm.
  • Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder DOHC 16 valve
  • Fuel system - 2nd Generation Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi)
  • Compression ratio - 17.0:1[13][16][17][18]
  • application:Mitsubishi Challenger,Mitsubishi Triton

Intercooled Turbo (3rd Generation DI-D with variable geometry turbo)

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  • Power - 178 PS (131 kW) at 4000 rpm[19]
  • Torque - Manual transmission: 295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m) at 2000 rpm[19]
- Automatic transmission: 258 lb⋅ft (350 N⋅m) at 1800 rpm[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abMike Bumbeck (2018-09-23)."Astron Goes Onward".Hemmings.
  2. ^"Development of a New Combustion System (MCA-JET) in Gasoline Engine",Hirokazu Nakamura, Tsuneo Ohinouye, Kenji Hori, Yuhiko Kiyota, Tatsuro Nakagami, Katsuo Akishino, Yutaka Tsukamoto,SAE International,February 1978
  3. ^abTakayoshi, Seiji ( cao cát thành tư ), ed. (2011-03-17), "トラックメーカーアーカイブ vol.2: Tam lăng ふそうのすべて [Truck Manufacturer Archive Volume 2: Everything Mitsubishi Fuso]",Camion(in Japanese), no. 780, Tokyo, Japan: Geibun Mooks, p. 65,ISBN978-4-86396-112-8
  4. ^Rosa (Brochure),Mitsubishi Motors Corporation, 1979, p. 8, 5.02.33.01(50-8)
  5. ^Tự động xa ガイドブック[Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977] (in Japanese), vol. 23, Japan:Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association,1976-10-20, p. 286, 0053-760023-3400
  6. ^Rohrbach, Hans U., ed. (1982),Internationaler Nutzfahrzeug-Katalog (Inufa) 1982[International Commercial Vehicle Catalog] (in German), vol. 24, Solothurn, Switzerland: Vogt-Schild AG, pp. 104, 107
  7. ^ab1984 Mitsubishi Trucks Brochure
  8. ^ab1985 Mitsubishi Trucks Brochure
  9. ^ab1987 Ford Ranger Brochure
  10. ^abcBüschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (March 10, 1983).Automobil Revue '83(in German and French). Vol. 78. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag, AG. p. 388.ISBN3-444-06065-3.
  11. ^1983 Mitsubishi Trucks Brochure
  12. ^Heitz, Rudolf, ed. (1987).Auto Katalog 1988(in German). Vol. 31. Stuttgart:Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG.p. 202.
  13. ^abc"Thailand's top new 2009 2008 2007 2006 Mitsubishi Triton L200 exporter dealer 4x4: top Mitsubishi used second hand car exporter: Exporter of New and Used L200: World 4x4 Dealer and 4x4 Exporter".Jim 4x4.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  14. ^- Mitsubishi 4D56 Service Manual
  15. ^"Hyundai Auto Tech, Inc".
  16. ^ab"2009 2008 Mitsubishi Triton L200 Thailand Exporter export import on sale rhd lhd new used second hand 4x4 pickup SUV Soni Motors Thailand and Dubai's Top LHD Mitsubishi Triton exporter: Soni Motors Dubai -world's largest largest new Mitsubishi dealer and top used Mitsubishi dealer and exporter. Also top Toyota Vigo and Nissan Navara exporter".Samautogroup.com.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  17. ^ab"Mike 4x4 Thailand - Thailand's Leading Used 4x4 Exporter - Selling Toyota Vigo, Mitsubishi Triton and Nissan Navara".Mike4x4.com. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-03-10.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  18. ^"StartLogic".Unlawyer.net. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-03-10.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  19. ^abc"L200: Specifications".The Colt Car Company. 2010. Archived fromthe originalon 2010-11-26.
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