Monmouth County, New Jersey

"Monmouth County" redirects here. Not to be confused withMonmouth Land District,Tasmania, orMonmouthshire,Wales.

Monmouth County
County
Sandy Hook LightinSandy Hook, New Jersey
Flag Seal
Location within the U.S. state ofNew Jersey
New Jersey's location within theU.S.
Coordinates:40.29°N 74.15°W/40.29; -74.15
Country	United States
State	New Jersey
Founded	1683
Named for	Monmouthshire
Seat	Freehold
Largest city	Middletown Township(population) Howell Township(area)
Government
• Commissioner Director	Thomas A. Arnone (R,term ends December 31, 2025)
Area
• Total	661.40 sq mi (1,713.0 km2)
• Land	468.18 sq mi (1,212.6 km2)
• Water	193.22 sq mi (500.4 km2) 29.2%
Population (2020)
• Total	643,615
• Estimate (2023)	642,799
• Density	1,372.9/sq mi (530.1/km2)
Congressional districts	3rd,4th,6th
Website	www.co.monmouth.nj.us

Monmouth County(/ˈmɒnməθ/) is acountylocated in thecentralportion of theU.S. stateofNew Jersey.It is bordered to its west byMercerandMiddlesexCounties, to its south byOcean County,to its east by theAtlantic Ocean,and to its north by theRaritan Bay(sharing a border with the boroughs ofStaten Island,Brooklyn,andQueensinNew York City,across it). Monmouth County's geographic area comprises 30% water. The county is part of theJersey Shoreregion of the state.It has also been categorized under theCentral Jerseyregion,though it was not among the four counties explicitly listed as included in Central Jersey as part of legislation signed into law in 2023.

As of the2020 United States census,the county was the state'sfifth-most-populous countywith a population of 643,615,its highestdecennial countever and an increase of 13,235 (+2.1%) from the2010 censuscount of 630,380,which in turn reflected an increase of 15,079 from 615,301 at the2000 census.As of 2010, the county fell to the fifth-most populous county in the state, having been surpassed byHudson County.Monmouth'scounty seatisFreehold Borough,though many county offices are also located in neighboringFreehold Township.The most populous place wasMiddletown Township,with 67,106 residents at the time of the 2020 Census,whileHowell Townshipcovered 61.21 square miles (158.5 km²), the largest total area of any municipality.

While there are differing historical theories, the most plausible of theories in the origin of the county's name are attributed to many settlers originating fromRhode Islandwhere the Rhode Island Monmouth Society hailed from, or it being named after the historic county ofMonmouthshireinWales,Great Britain.The county, like much of the state, was significantly involved during theAmerican Revolutionary War.TheBattle of Monmouthwas fought in June 1778 in what has been preserved asMonmouth Battlefield State Park,currently located inFreehold TownshipandManalapan Township.

The county's economy is rich and diverse, due to its high population density and proximity to New York City. Located in the middle of theNortheast megalopolis,its inland county seat ofFreehold Borough,theTri-City regionof coastal cities ofRed Bank,Long Branch,andAsbury Park,along with the county constituting a vast swath of the New Jersey coastline, has contributed in its draw of tourists throughout the state (and much of theNortheastern United Statesat large), particularly during the Summer months.Many communities within the county serve ascommuter townsto and fromNew York Cityand otherpoints north.Highways such as theGarden State Parkway,U.S. 9,Route's34,35,and36,along withNJ Transit'sNorth Jersey Coast LineandSeastreak,connects county residents to economic centers in North Jersey and New York City.In 2015, the county had aper capita personal incomeof $69,410, making it the fifth highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.Many inland areas of the county are still quite agricultural, with many orchards, wineries, equestrian farms, and distilleries, such asCream Ridge Winery,Delicious Orchards,Four JG's Orchards & Vineyards,andLaird & Company.TheBell Labs Complexis a majorscientific researchfacility inHolmdel,where important breakthroughs, such as evidence for theBig Bang,were discovered.The county is also home toMonmouth University,aprivate universityinWest Long Branch.

History

Craig HouseatMonmouth Battlefield State Park

TheBattle of Monmouthwas fought on June 28, 1778

TheAllentown MillinAllentown

Etymology

The naming of Monmouth County has different historical theories. It is thought that the county received its name from the Rhode Island Monmouth Society.This is likely, due to many of the county's earliest settlers originating fromRhode Island.Another plausible theory, is from a suggestion fromColonelLewis Morristhat the county should be named afterMonmouthshireinWales,Great Britain.Other suggestions include that it was named forJames Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth(1649–1685), who had many allies among the East Jersey leadership.

Indigenous history

See also:Lenape people

Around the year 1000, the area of Monmouth County began to be inhabited by theLenapeNative Americansprior to the arrival of European settlers. They came from the Mississippi River area. They lived along the vicinity of theJersey Shore,theRaritan Bay,theRaritan Riverand other areas in thenortheastern United States.The Lenape were ahunter-gatherersociety. They were largely sedentary, changing campsites seasonally. They were prolific hunters of small game and birds. They were also skilled fisherman, and were known to harvest vast amounts of clams from the bays and inlets on the Jersey Shore. They also practiced some agriculture to augment their food supply. During this time, an important crossroad of two major Lenape trails was located in the area ofFreehold Townshipin western Monmouth County.

Colonial Era

See also:Monmouth Tract

In 1609, the English navigator,Henry Hudson,and his crew aboard the Dutch vesselHalf Moonspotted land in what is now Monmouth County,most likely offSandy Hook;however, some historical accounts credit this landing to present-dayKeansburg. Among the first European settlers and majority landowners in the area were Richard andPenelope Stout.Penelope "miraculously" survived her wounds from a native attack inSandy Hookand further lived to the age of 110. Additionally, a group ofQuakerfamilies fromLong Islandsettled theMonmouth Tract,an early land grant fromRichard Nicollsissued in 1665.They were followed by a group of Scottish settlers who inhabitedFreehold Townshipin about 1682–1885, followed several years later by Dutch settlers. As they arrived in this area, they were greeted by Lenape people, who lived in scattered small family bands and developed a largely amicable relationship with the new arrivals.Enslaved Africanswere present in the area from at least 1680, and by 1726 made up 9% of the total population of the county.

Monmouth County was established on March 7, 1683, while part of the province ofEast Jersey.On October 31, 1693, the county was partitioned into the townships ofFreehold,MiddletownandShrewsbury.

In 1764, theSandy Hook Lighthousewas built.

At the June 28, 1778,Battle of Monmouth,nearFreehold Township,GeneralGeorge Washington's soldiers battled the British under SirHenry Clinton,in the longest land battle of theAmerican Revolutionary War.It was at Monmouth that the tactics and training fromFriedrich Wilhelm von Steubendeveloped atValley Forgeduring the winter encampment were first implemented on a large scale.Other battles and massacres during the war in Monmouth County include sites such as theBurrowes MansioninMatawan,and theAllen HouseinShrewsbury.

At independence, Monmouth's population included 1,640 slaves, as well as an undetermined number offree African Americans.The number of enslaved persons fell steeply after 1820, though a small number remained until at least 1850. Monmouth's free African American population climbed from 353 in 1790 to 2,658 in 1860.There was a small African-American middle class consisting of freedmen present in Monmouth County by the 1840s and 1850s.

In 1790 Monmouth County's population was 16,918, of whom roughly 6,600 were ofEnglish descentand the remainder wereWelsh,DutchandSwedish,as well as small amounts ofAfrican AmericansandNorthern Irish Protestants.By the year 2010 Monmouth County's population was 628,112 of whom 40,489 were ofEnglish descent.Between 1890 and 1907 nearly 18 million European immigrants came to America.At the same time the region underwent massive and not unrelated economic changes, this process led to places like Monmouth County, New Jersey becoming significantly more diverse and somewhat less rural.

19th century

In 1822,James P. Allairebought land that would be used to establish theHowell Works Iron Foundryin what is nowWall Township.The village was an early example of acompany town,having its workers live on site with numerous types of stores and facilities for them. The furnace had ceased to operate by 1848 asironandcoalproduction moved toPennsylvania.Today, the land is aliving history museumandU.S. historic districtknown asAllaire Village.

On May 18, 1826, theNavesink Twin Lightswere commissioned byCongress,and were first used in 1828. The twin lighthouses were one of only seven in the country. However, this structure deteriorated rapidly, and was in need of replacement. On May 1, 1862, the current structure was first lit at a much grander scale. Upon completion, it was the most powerful lighthouse in the United States. In 1883, it became the first lighthouse in the country to use a mineral-oil lamp. Today, the lighthouse is open to the public as a U.S. historiclandmarkandplace.

In 1848, one of the original Life Saving Stations was built inSandy Hookfor theUnited States Coast Guard.Between 1857 and 1867, construction began on the Fort at Sandy Hook. The fort remained nameless until 1895 when it was namedFort HancockafterWinfield Scott Hancock.On August 7, 1874, theSandy Hook Proving Groundwas established as a weapons testing area, considered a separate facility from the fort. In 1890, construction began on theartillery batteriesof the fort. The Battery Porter was an early prototype of thegun lift carriage.

During the 19th century,Keyport'sMarine Park was a major shipbuilding hub, having built 55steamshipsbetween 1807 and 1868, which was more thanHoboken,Jersey City,orCamdenduring this period.

In 1850,Ocean Countywas carved out of Monmouth County.

On July 30, 1870,Monmouth Park Racetrackopened, athoroughbred racingtrack inEatontown.The facility closed and reopened several times, with the current facility having been in use since 1946.

On September 19, 1881, U.S. PresidentJames A. Garfielddied in theElberonsection ofLong Branch,a few months after being shot in a failedassassinationattempt. Garfield was one of several presidents who would vacation in Long Branch around theGilded Age,with other presidents who frequented the town includingChester A. Arthur,Ulysses S. Grant,Benjamin Harrison,Rutherford B. Hayes,William McKinley,andWoodrow Wilson.

On July 5, 1886, theSeabright Lawn Tennis and Cricket ClubinRumsonopened as the firstlawn tennisclub in the United States.

In 1888,Palace Amusementsopened inAsbury Parkalongside the boardwalk, and contained numerousamusement ridesand games, such as acarousel.After years of a declining economy within the city, the palace closed in 1988, 100 years after it opened. In 2004, the building was deemed unsafe, and was ordered to be demolished, although various elements were saved such as the iconicTilliemural and the carousel.

In 1899,Guglielmo Marconi's first demonstration of thewireless telegraphin the United States took place at theNavesink Twin Lights.

20th century

In 1910, theWright Brothershosted anaviation showinInterlaken,where numerous records were broken, such as highaltitudes,longest time airborne, the first night flight, and the firstair maildelivery.

Fort HancockinSandy Hookplayed a minor role inWorld War 1andWorld War 2.The fort was intended as one of the defensive forts of New York City, and as neither war came to the area, the fort was largely unaffected. However, during World War 1, several of the artillery guns were removed for use elsewhere. In 1919, theSandy Hook Proving Groundwas essentially abandoned in favor of a large site at theAberdeen Proving GroundinMaryland.During World War 2, the fort served as a mobilization center. In 1946, the guns at the fort were considered obsolete, leading to their scrapping and subsequent decommissioning of the fort. The fort was reactivated twice, first as an antiaircraft defense and later as a Nike missile base, but was closed for good in 1974.Today, the fort is aNational Historic PlaceandLandmark.

In 1916, two of the threeJersey Shore shark attacksoccurred in Monmouth County, with one occurring on July 6 inSpring Lakewhile the other occurred on July 12 inMatawan.One person was killed in the Spring Lake attack, while in Matawan two people were killed and one was injured.

In 1917, construction ofFort Monmouthbegan under the name of Camp Little Silver as training grounds. The first permanent structure, abarracks,was erected in 1928. In 1928, the firstradio-equippedmeteorological balloonreached theatmosphere,a precursor to modern dayweather sounding.Numerous buildings were constructed during the 1930s-1940s at the facility, with the fort significantly expanding in size.Fort Monmouth was also whereSovietspiesJulius Rosenberg,Joel Barr,andAlfred Sarantoperated. Numerous scientific breakthroughs occurred at Fort Monmouth, includingProject Dianain 1946;SCORE,the world's firstcommunications satellitein 1958;TIROS-1,the world's first full-scaleweather satellitein 1960, and other projects includingphotography.

On November 11, 1926, the Count Basie Theater opened as the Carlton Theater inRed Bank.In 1970, the theater had closed alongside most of the other historic theaters in the town. In 1973, an anonymous donation allowed for the preservation of the theater. It was renamed afterCount Basiein 1984, a native of Red Bank. Many well-known acts had performed at the theater, such asTony Bennett,Olivia Newton-John,Bruce Springsteen,andJon Bon Jovi.

In 1928, theAsbury Park Convention Hallwas constructed alongside theboardwalk.On January 1, 1930, theParamount TheaterinAsbury Parkshowed its first film,Wings.The buildings are connected by a grandarcadealongside the boardwalk.

On September 8, 1934, theSS Morro Castlecaught fire and burned during a storm on its route fromNew York CitytoHavana,Cuba.The ship drifted ashore toAsbury Parkby theConvention Hall,where it remained until 1935 when it was towed away to be scrapped. The disaster was one of the of thedeadliest maritime disastersin United States history, having killed 137 people.

On December 13, 1943,Naval Weapons Station Earlewas commissioned, which is designed to safely store and transport military ordinance. The 11,000 acre main facility consumes land inColts Neck,Howell,Wall,andTinton Falls,while the three-pronged pier in theLeonardosection ofMiddletownis connected to the main facility via Normandy Road, a military-only railroad and road that connects the facilities.

TheBell Labscomplex inHolmdelhas been a major center for scientific research throughout the 20th century. On May 4, 1933,radio astronomywas invented byKarl Guthe Jansky,one of the most significant achievements in the field ofastronomy.On June 25, 1946, thesilicon solar cellwas patented byRussell S. Ohl,who operated out of Bell Labs. In 1959,AT&Tbegan construction on the current building, completing it in 1962, where the building acted as a research and development facility. The facility was expanded twice in 1966 and 1982. On October 17, 1978,cosmic microwave background radiationwas discovered at the site byArno PenziasandRobert Wilson.

On June 12, 1968, theGarden State Arts Centeropened inHolmdelalongside theGarden State Parkway,having its own exit of 116. Theamphitheateroften hostedclassicalandpopularmusic,as well as various other programs with its roughly 10,000 person capacity. In 1995, on the opposite side of the parkway, theNew Jersey Vietnam Veteran's Memorialwas opened. In 1996, the facility expanded heavily, adding thousands in capacity, and shifting toward general music with broader appeal to compete with other amphitheaters. In 1996, the facility was renamed to PNC Bank Arts Center. The theater is one of the most successful amphitheaters in the country.

In 1970,Asbury Parkexperienced a majorrace riotbetween July 4 and July 10, one of the largest in New Jersey. The riot was largely due to highunemployment,poor housing conditions, and lack ofrecreationalactivities within the African American community. Over 180 people were injured during the week long riot. The largelyAfrican AmericanWest Side of the city experienced the most damage, with an estimated $5,600,000 in damages.

On February 8, 1974,The Stone Ponyopened inAsbury Parkacross the street from the boardwalk. The livemusic venueis small but well-known, with its most notable talentsBruce Springsteenand theE Street Bandas well asSouthside Johnny and the Asbury Jukeshaving launched their career out of the venue.

21st century

In 2005,Fort Monmouthwas recommended for closure, and in 2011 the facility shut down for good. Redevelopment of the land had been in talks since 2006, and in 2021Netflixhad announced it was going to create a film studio at the facility.In 2022, a proposal to develop housing units where the fort's housing stands was approved.

In 2006, Bell Labs was sold, and preservation efforts were made by residents and former employees. In 2013, a developer began site redevelopment, with the research building becoming aNew Urbanisminspiredmixed-usefacility, while the surrounding land became residential housing.

In 2016, Monmouth Mall in Eatontown announced that it would be redeveloped into a pedestrian-friendly mixed-used development, including demolition of some of the abandoned parts of the mall, with the addition of housing, plazas and walkways, amongst many other changes. The mall, which opened in 1960, had faced lots ofvacancies and financial troublesover the years that led to the decision. The plans were finalized in 2023.

On June 14, 2018,Monmouth Park Racetrackbecame the first place inNew Jerseyto offersports betting.

Geography and climate

Sunriseon theJersey ShoreatSpring Lake,New Jersey,facing theAtlantic Ocean

The historicNavesink Twin Lightsis located on theNavesink HighlandsinHighlands,one of the highest points in Monmouth County and constitute among the highestheadlandsalong the United States east coast south ofMaine

According to theU.S. Census Bureau,as of the 2020 Census, the county had a total area of 661.40 square miles (1,713.0 km²), of which 468.18 square miles (1,212.6 km²) was land (70.8%) and 193.22 square miles (500.4 km²) was water (29.2%).

Much of Monmouth County remains flat and low-lying, even at its western inland extreme. However, there are some low hills in and aroundHolmdel Township,and one of them,Crawford Hill,the former site of a radar facility, is the county's highest point, variously listed at 380 to 391 feet (116 to 119 m) above sea level.The top portion of the hill is owned byAlcatel-Lucentand houses a research laboratory ofBell Laboratories.The northeastern portion of the county, in theLocustsection ofMiddletown Townshipand the boroughs ofHighlandsandAtlantic Highlands,are also very hilly. The lowest point is sea level.

Along with adjacentMiddlesexandOceancounties, Monmouth County is a mecca for boating and fishing. Its waterways include severaltributariesthat flow from the moreagrarianregions of western Monmouth County into theRaritan River,and various rivers and inlets that flow from the moredensely populatedregion of theRaritan Bayshoreof northern Monmouth County into theRaritan Bayand theLower New York Bay,before finally draining out into theAtlantic Ocean.TheManasquan Inletis located in the county, which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the estuary of theManasquan River,a bay-like body of saltwater that serves as the starting point of theIntracoastal Waterway,which attracts as many as 1,600 boats each weekend during the peak season.

Climate and weather

Freehold Borough, New Jersey
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D 3.6 39 22 2.9 43 24 4.1 51 30 4.2 62 40 4.1 72 50 4.4 81 60 5 86 65 4.1 84 64 4.5 77 55 3.8 66 43 3.8 55 36 4 44 27 █Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D 91 4 −6 74 6 −4 104 11 −1 107 17 4 104 22 10 112 27 16 127 30 18 104 29 18 114 25 13 97 19 6 97 13 2 102 7 −3 █Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █Precipitation totals in mm

Much of Monmouth County has ahumid subtropical climate(Cfa), while some inland areas have a hot-summerhumid continental climate(Dfa). In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Freehold Borough have ranged from a low of 22 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −13 °F (−25 °C) was recorded in January 1984 and a record high of 106 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 2011. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.98 inches (76 mm) in February to 5.08 inches (129 mm) in July.

Average monthly temperatures in Asbury Park range from 32.5 °F in January to 75.0 °F in July, while in Allentown, NJ they range from 32.1 °F in January to 75.5 °F in July.[3]

On October 29, 2012,Hurricane Sandycaused catastrophic damage to coastal areas of Monmouth County. As Sandy's surge arrived in Monmouth County, flood levels of 13.31 feet (4.06 m) above normal were measured atSandy Hookshortly before the destruction of the tidal station, breaking all previous local records. The surge caused waves as high as 32.5 feet (9.9 m), measured where theSandy Hook Baymeets theNew York Bay.

Adjacent counties

• Middlesex County- northwest
• Ocean County- south
• Mercer County- west
• Burlington County- southwest
• Richmond County,New York- north
• Long Island(Kings CountyandQueens County,New York) - northeast

National protected areas

• Gateway National Recreation Area(part)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1790	16,918		—
1800	19,872		17.5%
1810	22,150		11.5%
1820	25,038		13.0%
1830	29,233		16.8%
1840	32,909		12.6%
1850	30,313	*	−7.9%
1860	39,346		29.8%
1870	46,195		17.4%
1880	55,538		20.2%
1890	69,128		24.5%
1900	82,057		18.7%
1910	94,734		15.4%
1920	104,925		10.8%
1930	147,209		40.3%
1940	161,238		9.5%
1950	225,327		39.7%
1960	334,401		48.4%
1970	461,849		38.1%
1980	503,173		8.9%
1990	553,124		9.9%
2000	615,301		11.2%
2010	630,380		2.5%
2020	643,615		2.1%
2023 (est.)	642,799		−0.1%
Historical sources: 1790-1990 1970-2010200020102020 * = Lost territory in previous decade.

2020 census

As of the2020 census,the county had 643,615 people, 240,377 households, and 161,545 families. Thepopulation densitywas 1,372.9 inhabitants per square mile (530.1/km²). There were 268,912 housing units at an average density of 573.6 per square mile (221.5/km²). The county's racial makeup was 71.6%White,6.08%African American,0.07%Native American,5.6%Asian,and 3.4% from two or more races.HispanicorLatinoof any race were 12.5% of the population.

Of the 240,377households,of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 25.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 14.4% had a male householder with no wife present and 32.8% were non-families. 13.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.16.

About 21.4% of the county's population was under age 18, 8.1% was from age 18 to 24, 34.8% was from age 15 to 44, and 18.2% was age 65 or older. The median age was 43.5 years. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males.

The county's median household income was $102,870, and the median family income was $124,778. About 6.0% of the population were below thepoverty line,including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

The2010 United States censuscounted 630,380 people, 233,983 households, and 163,320 families in the county. Thepopulation densitywas 1,344.7 per square mile (519.2/km²). There were 258,410 housing units at an average density of 551.2 per square mile (212.8/km²). The racial makeup was 82.60% (520,716)White,7.37% (46,443)Black or African American,0.19% (1,211)Native American,4.96% (31,258)Asian,0.03% (211)Pacific Islander,2.89% (18,187) fromother races,and 1.96% (12,354) from two or more races.Hispanic or Latinoof any race were 9.67% (60,939) of the population.

Of the 233,983 households, 32.4% had children under the age of 18; 55.5% were married couples living together; 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present and 30.2% were non-families. Of all households, 25% were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.22.

23.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 24% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, the population had 94.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 91.9 males.

Government

County government

Monmouth County CourthouseinFreehold Borough,thecounty seat

Monmouth County is governed by a five-memberBoard of County Commissioners,who are elected at-large for three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats up for election each year. Each January, the commissioners select one of their members to serve as the director of the board for the year to preside over the meetings and activities of the board. Monmouth County's Commissioners have both administrative and policy-making powers. The commissioners oversee the five mandatory functions of the county government delegated to it by the state. Each commissioner is assigned responsibility for one of the five functional areas: Administration and Special Services; Public Works and Engineering; Human Services, Health and Transportation; Finance and Administration of Justice, overseeing more than 70 county departments in total.In 2016, freeholders were paid $27,000 and the freeholder director was paid an annual salary of $27,900.County Administrator Teri O'Connor, an appointed position, serves as the county's chief executive officer, and is responsible for carrying out the policies and directives established by the Board of County Commissioners and managing the daily operations of the county's more than 3,000 employees.

As of 2024,Monmouth County's Commissioners are (with terms for Chair and Vice-Chair ending every December 31):

Commissioner	Party, Residence, Term
Director Thomas A. Arnone	R,Neptune City,2025
Deputy Director Ross F. Licitra	R,Marlboro Township,2026
Erik Anderson	R,Shrewsbury,2026
Nick DiRocco	R,Wall Township,2025
Susan M. Kiley	R,Hazlet Township,2024

The Republican Party had held all five Commissioner seats until 2006, but after the 2006 and 2008 elections, Democrats controlled the Board by a 3–2 margin. The Board swung back in favor of the Republicans after the 2009 election when Republican John Curley beat Democrat Sean Byrnes. Both were running to succeed former Commissioner Director Barbara McMorrow, a Democrat, who had chosen not to seek re-election. In 2010, former mayor of Neptune City, NJ, Thomas Arnone (R), and incumbent Commissioner Robert Clifton (R) won seats giving Republicans control of the Board of Chosen Commissioners by a 4–1 margin. The board has been all Republican since 2011.

Pursuant to Article VII Section II of theNew Jersey State Constitution,each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as "constitutional officers." These officers are theCounty ClerkandCounty Surrogate(both elected for five-year terms of office) and theCounty Sheriff(elected for a three-year term).Monmouth county's constitutional officers are:

Office	Party, Residence, Term
Clerk Christine Giordano Hanlon	R,Ocean Township,2025
Sheriff Shaun Golden	R,Howell Township,2025
Surrogate Rosemarie D. Peters	R,Middletown Township,2026

Christopher J. Gramiccioni of Wall Township is the county's prosecutor, having been formally nominated to the position byGovernor of New JerseyChris Christiein May 2016.Gramiccioni had been serving on an acting basis for almost four years, since being appointed to the post in July 2012 byAttorney General of New JerseyJeffrey S. Chiesa.Monmouth County constitutes Vicinage 9 of theNew Jersey Superior Courtand is seated at the Monmouth County Courthouse inFreehold Borough,with additional facilities in Freehold andOcean Township;the Assignment Judge for Vicinage 9 is Lisa P. Thornton.

Federal representatives

The 3rd, 4th, and 6thCongressional Districtscover the county.For the118th United States Congress,New Jersey's 3rd congressional districtis represented byAndy Kim(D,Moorestown).For the118th United States Congress,New Jersey's 4th congressional districtis represented byChris Smith(R,Manchester Township).For the118th United States Congress,New Jersey's 6th congressional districtis represented byFrank Pallone(D,Long Branch).

State representatives

The 53 municipalities of Monmouth County are covered by five legislative districts.

District	Senator	Assembly	Municipalities
10th	James Holzapfel(R)	Paul Kanitra(R) Greg McGuckin(R)	Brielle,Manasquan,Sea Girt,Spring Lake,andSpring Lake Heights.The remainder of this district covers portions ofOcean County.
11th	Vin Gopal(D)	Margie Donlon(D) Luanne Peterpaul(D)	Allenhurst,Asbury Park,Bradley Beach,Colts Neck Township,Deal,Eatontown,Freehold Borough,Freehold Township,Interlaken,Loch Arbour,Long Branch,Neptune City,Neptune Township,Ocean Township,Red Bank,Shrewsbury,Shrewsbury Township,andTinton Falls.
12th	Owen Henry(R)	Alex Sauickie(R) Robert D. Clifton(R)	Allentown,Englishtown,Manalapan Township,Matawan,Millstone Township,RooseveltandUpper Freehold Township.The remainder of this district covers portions ofBurlington County,Middlesex County,andOcean County.
13th	Declan O'Scanlon(R)	Vicky Flynn(R) Gerard Scharfenberger(R)	Aberdeen Township,Atlantic Highlands,Hazlet Township,Highlands,Holmdel Township,Keansburg,Keyport,Little Silver,Marlboro Township,Middletown Township,Monmouth Beach,Oceanport,Rumson,Sea Bright,Union Beach,andWest Long Branch.
30th	Robert W. Singer(R)	Sean T. Kean(R) Avi Schnall(D)	Avon-by-the-Sea,Belmar,Farmingdale,Howell Township,Lake Como,andWall Township.The remainder of this district covers portions ofOcean County.

Fire departments

Monmouth County is covered by 53 different fire departments, which contain 135 individual fire companies and over 7,000 volunteer firefighters, who are all represented by the Monmouth County Firemen's Association.

The Monmouth County Fire Marshal's Office is responsible for training all of the firefighters through the Monmouth County Fire Academy, as well as investigating any fires which may be deemed suspicious and/or involving a fatality. The Monmouth Countyfire marshal,currently Fred Migliaccio, and his staff – including assistant fire marshals and academy staff – are appointed by the County Board of Commissioners.

Except for the fully professionalAsbury ParkFire Department and the US Navy Fire Department at NWS Earle, the remainder of the municipalities in the county have volunteer orcombination fire departments.The largest volunteer department is inMiddletown Townshipwith 11 stations and 350 active members, special services, air and fire police units, in addition to operating its own training facility.

In terms of hazardous material (HazMat) emergencies, very few towns have special units to respond to these types of emergencies.Fort Monmouthresponded to most HazMat cases prior to the closing of the base.Naval Weapons Station Earleis also available for HazMat incidents. Hazardous Materials incidents are currently managed by Monmouth County Hazmat as the lead agency with a joint cooperative team composed of Neptune Township OEM, Southard (Howell) Fire Company and Middletown Fire Department Special Services.

The oldest fire department in the county in continuous operation is the Hope Fire Company in Allentown, organized in 1856.The newest fire department, Holmdel Fire Co. No. 2 was established in 2006.Monmouth County utilizes amutual aidsystem, in which surrounding municipalities are available to send their resources to incidents where extra help or expertise is needed.

Politics

Monmouth County has generally leaned moderatelyRepublicanin federal, state, and local races, though registeredRepublicansonly outnumber registeredDemocratsby 2.5%. All of its County Commissioners and constitutional officers are Republicans, and SenatorVin Gopalis currently the only Democrat to represent any part of the county in the state legislature. As of September 1, 2023, there were a total of 492,307 registered voters in Monmouth County, of whom 140,562 (28.6%) were registered as Democrats, 153,139 (31.1%) were registered asRepublicans,and 192,859 (39.2%) were registered asUnaffiliated.There were 5,747 (1.2%) voters registered to other parties.Among the county's 2010 Census population, 89% of residents of age 18 and over were registered to vote.

In2008,John McCaincarried Monmouth by an unexpectedly close margin of only 3.7% margin overBarack Obama,with Obama winning New Jersey by 15.5% over McCain. In thestate's U.S. Senatorial election that same year,Dick Zimmeralso won here, by a 6.2% margin over incumbentFrank Lautenberg,with Lautenberg winning reelection by 14.1% over Zimmer.In the2016 United States presidential election,RepublicanDonald Trumpreceived 166,723 (53%) of the vote, DemocratHillary Clintonreceived 137,181 (43.6%) of the vote, and other candidates received 10,473 (3.3%) of the vote.In2020,Joe Biden came closer to winning the county than any Democrat sinceAl Gorein2000andBill Clintonin1996,the only two Democratic presidential candidates to have won it since1964,whenLyndon B. Johnsonwon a national landslide and carried every county in New Jersey.

United States presidential election results for Monmouth County, New Jersey

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	191,808	50.69%	181,291	47.91%	5,291	1.40%
2016	166,723	52.47%	137,181	43.17%	13,846	4.36%
2012	148,000	51.81%	133,820	46.84%	3,847	1.35%
2008	160,433	51.19%	148,737	47.46%	4,244	1.35%
2004	163,650	54.56%	133,773	44.60%	2,516	0.84%
2000	119,291	45.51%	131,476	50.15%	11,374	4.34%
1996	99,975	40.16%	120,414	48.37%	28,572	11.48%
1992	117,715	44.23%	101,750	38.24%	46,651	17.53%
1988	147,320	61.14%	91,844	38.12%	1,793	0.74%
1984	152,595	65.52%	79,382	34.08%	932	0.40%
1980	120,173	56.69%	71,328	33.65%	20,470	9.66%
1976	110,104	54.29%	88,956	43.87%	3,730	1.84%
1972	124,830	65.71%	63,176	33.25%	1,971	1.04%
1968	87,311	51.22%	69,669	40.87%	13,476	7.91%
1964	61,367	39.07%	95,320	60.69%	368	0.23%
1960	81,382	56.49%	62,434	43.34%	244	0.17%
1956	83,828	71.80%	32,329	27.69%	594	0.51%
1952	73,228	66.28%	37,006	33.49%	257	0.23%
1948	52,908	62.22%	30,507	35.88%	1,618	1.90%
1944	49,349	58.66%	34,720	41.27%	53	0.06%
1940	49,675	57.73%	36,298	42.18%	74	0.09%
1936	41,460	51.33%	38,914	48.18%	393	0.49%
1932	40,467	52.73%	35,219	45.89%	1,055	1.37%
1928	47,046	65.84%	24,286	33.99%	122	0.17%
1924	34,451	65.64%	14,931	28.45%	3,100	5.91%
1920	28,818	68.07%	12,975	30.65%	543	1.28%
1916	11,624	51.46%	10,729	47.49%	237	1.05%
1912	3,683	18.25%	9,799	48.55%	6,700	33.20%
1908	12,528	56.26%	9,274	41.64%	468	2.10%
1904	10,885	52.89%	9,032	43.89%	662	3.22%
1900	10,363	53.10%	8,570	43.91%	583	2.99%
1896	10,611	55.27%	7,799	40.63%	787	4.10%

In the2009 gubernatorial election,RepublicanChris Christiereceived 62% of the vote, defeating DemocratJon Corzine,who received around 31%. In the2013 gubernatorial election,Christie received 70.7% of the vote (123,417 votes) to DemocratBarbara Buono's 27.7% (48,477 votes). In the2017 gubernatorial election,RepublicanKim Guadagnoreceived 101,525 (55%) of the vote, and DemocratPhil Murphyreceived 79,423 (43%) of the vote.Both Guadagno and Murphy were Monmouth County residents. In the2021 gubernatorial election,RepublicanJack Ciattarellireceived 58.8% of the vote (141,100 ballots cast) to Murphy's 40.3% (96,664 votes), thus Murphy lost his home county in both of his bids for governor.

Gubernatorial elections results

Gubernatorial elections results

Year	Republican	Democratic
2021	58.8%141,100	40.3%96,664
2017	55.0%101,525	43.0%79,432
2013	70.7%123,417	27.7%48,477
2009	62.2%129,039	31.2%64,672
2005	51.9%101,085	43.8%85,187
2001	48.5%89,987	49.5%91,838
1997	53.9%105,535	37.8%74,098
1993	54.8%	42.8%
1989	40.9%72,403	57.5%101,995
1985	72.9%109,238	26.4%39,529
1981	55.7%88,873	42.6%67,970
1977	42.4%62,031	55.5%81,155
1973	29.3%39,345	69.2%92,749

Economy

TheBureau of Economic Analysiscalculated that the county'sgross domestic productwas $34.2 billion in 2021, which was ranked ninth in the state and was a 6.1% increase from the prior year.

Housing expense

In 2015, the county had aper capita personal incomeof $69,410, the fifth-highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.Monmouth County ranked 38th among thehighest-income counties in the United Statesas of 2011, placing it among the top 1.2% of counties by wealth.As of 2009, it was ranked 56th in the United States by personal per-capita income.

Gentrification

Tri-City regionof urban centers in Monmouth County;Red Bank,Long Branch,andAsbury Parkrespectively

Hurricane Sandyin 2012 devastated much of the northern part of theJersey Shore,particularly in Monmouth County. This necessitated the demolition and rebuilding of entire neighborhoods. Some were rebuilt to a higher economic level; this process ofclimate gentrificationis rapidly escalating property values and transforming many communities along the Shore. Many houses have becomevacation homesfor theNew York financial community,akin to shoreline communities onLong Islandlike theGold CoastandThe Hamptons.

Telecommunications and high technology

TheBell Labs Holmdel Complexhas been the site of manyinnovationsin telecommunications and is experiencing arenaissanceas abusiness incubatorforhigh-techstartup companies.TodayVerizon Wireless,AT&T Communications,Vonage,Avaya,andBell Labsare located in the region.

Commerce

Wealthy home that was under construction inMarlboro Township,pictured Late 2005

Bell Labswater towerinHolmdel Townshipwas designed to resemble atransistor,an important invention

Freehold Raceway Mall,a super-regional shopping mall, located inFreehold Township

Pier Village,aVictorian-inspired mixed-uselifestyle center,located inLong Branchalong theAtlantic Ocean

The county has been a commercial hub for the state and the largernortheastern United Statesfor years. This is due to the county's location on theJersey Shore,which attracts residents fromNorthandSouth Jersey,along with the nearby states ofNew York,Pennsylvania,Connecticut,Delaware,andMarylandduring the summer months. The region also boasts year-round attractions, such ashayrides,wine tasting,andapple pickingduring the autumn months. The county also features five major shopping malls:

• Freehold Raceway Mall
• Monmouth Mall
• Pier Village
• The Grove at Shrewsbury
• Jersey Shore Premium Outlets

Education

Tertiary education

TheMurry Guggenheim House,aBeaux-Artsmansion, designed byCarrère and Hastingsin 1903 as a summer residence, is currently known as theGuggenheim LibraryatMonmouth University.

Monmouth Universityis a four-year private university located inWest Long Branchthat was founded in 1933 as Monmouth Junior College.

Brookdale Community Collegeis the two-yearcommunity collegefor Monmouth County, one of a network of 19county collegesstatewide. The school is located in theLincroftsection ofMiddletown Township,having been founded in 1967.

The Donald D. Warner Student Life Center atBrookdale Community College's main campus atLincroft

Rutgers Universityhas a partnership with Brookdale which offers bachelor's degree completion programs at Brookdale's Freehold campus.

K-12 education

School districts in Monmouth County include:

K-12 districts

• Asbury Park Public Schools
• Freehold Township Schools
• Hazlet Township Public Schools
• Holmdel Township Public Schools
• Keansburg School District
• Keyport Public Schools
• Long Branch Public Schools
• Manasquan Public Schools
• Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District
• Middletown Township Public School District
• Monmouth County Vocational School District
• Neptune Township Schools
• Ocean Township School District
• Upper Freehold Regional School District– Regional
• Wall Township Public Schools

Secondary districts

• Freehold Regional High School District
• Henry Hudson Regional High School
• Monmouth Regional High School
• Red Bank Regional High School
• Rumson-Fair Haven Regional High School
• Shore Regional High School– Regional

Elementary districts(K-8, except as indicated)

• Atlantic Highlands School District(K-6)
• Avon School District
• Belmar School District
• Bradley Beach School District
• Brielle School District
• Colts Neck School District
• Deal School District
• Eatontown Public Schools
• Fair Haven Public Schools
• Farmingdale School District
• Freehold Borough Schools
• Freehold Township Schools
• Highlands School District(K-6)
• Howell Township Public Schools
• Little Silver School District
• Manalapan-Englishtown Regional School District
• Marlboro Township Public School District
• Millstone Township Schools
• Monmouth Beach School District
• Oceanport School District
• Red Bank Borough Public Schools
• Roosevelt Public School District(K-5)
• Rumson School District
• Sea Girt School District
• Shrewsbury Borough School District
• Spring Lake School District
• Spring Lake Heights School District
• Tinton Falls School District– Regional
• Union Beach School System
• West Long Branch Public Schools

In addition to multiplepublic high schools,parochial schoolsin Monmouth County includeSt. Rose High School,Red Bank Catholic High School,Christian Brothers Academy,St. John Vianney High School,andMater Dei High School,which operate under the auspices of theRoman Catholic Diocese of Trenton.A secular private school,Ranney School,is also located in the county.

The county has an extensivevocational high schoolprogram, known as theMonmouth County Vocational School District,including fivemagnet schools:

• Academy of Allied Health & Science(Allied) inNeptune Township
• Biotechnology High School(BioTech) inFreehold Township
• Communications High School(Communications, CHS) inWall Township
• High Technology High School(High Tech) inLincroft(located on theBrookdale Community Collegecampus)
• Marine Academy of Science and Technology(MAST) inSandy Hook

Arts and culture

TheTwo River Theater

TheMonmouth County Historical Association

Monmouth County Courthousewith greenspace and monument dedicated to theBattle of Monmouth

Church of the Presidents

TheMolly Pitcher Inn

Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association District

• Count Basie Theatre- A landmarkedperforming arts centerinRed Bank.The core structure opened as the "Carlton Theater" in 1926, became the "Monmouth Arts Center" in 1973, then was renamed to the "Count Basie Theatre" in 1984 to honor jazz great and Red Bank nativeWilliam "Count" Basie.It was designed byWilliam E. Lehmanand hasseating capacityfor 1,568 patrons.
• Two River Theater- A professional, not-for-profit, regional theater company producing plays and educational programs. The company received "Theatre of the Year" awards from the New Jersey Theatre Alliance in 2006, and fromThe Star-Ledgerin both 2006 and 2008. At the July 2009 meeting of theNew Jersey State Council on the Arts,Two River Theater was designated as a Major Impact Organization.
• Monmouth County Historical Association– Established in 1898 by a group of county residents headed by professional educatorCaroline Gallup Reed,it was soon incorporated in order “to discover, procure, preserve and perpetuate whatever relates to the history of Monmouth County.” The headquarters are located inFreehold Boroughin a brick Georgian-style building designed by architect J. Hallam Conover.
• Monmouth County Jewish Heritage Museum- focuses on Jewish life in the county, which dates back to 1720.
• Monmouth Battlefield State Park— Located inFreehold TownshipandManalapan Township,the park preserves a rural eighteenth-century landscape of orchards, fields, woods and wetlands, encompassing miles of trails for hiking and horseback riding, space for picnic areas, and four restored Revolutionary Warfarmhousesthat were associated with the American Revolutionary War'sBattle of Monmouth,including theCraig House,theCobb House,theSutfin House,and theRhea-Applegate House.The park includes a visitor center with replicas of eighteenth-century canons and other exhibits.
• Gateway National Recreation Area at Sandy Hook- Thebarrier peninsulasegment of the much largerGateway National Recreation Area(which has other sections inStaten Island,Brooklyn,andQueensinNew York) forms the other side of the "gateway" to New York Harbor. It includes two main park sites:
  • Fort Hancockserved as part of the harbor's coastal defense system from 1895 until 1974 and contains 100 historic buildings and fortifications.
  • Sandy Hookcontains seven beaches, includingGunnison Beach,anude beachby custom, as well as salt marshes and a maritime holly forest. Ferries fromManhattanare available in season. Fishing and using hand-launched vessels are popular here.
• Monmouth County Courthouse– In front of the courthouse, is a park at the center of town which hosts a 90-foot (27 m) tall monument to the Battle of Monmouth at its center.
• St. Peter's Episcopal Church— a historicEpiscopal churchbuilding that was constructed in 1771, featuringGeorgianandGothic Revivalelements.
• Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association District- An association founded in 1869 by a group ofMethodistclergymen, led by William B. Osborn and Ellwood H. Stokes. Its mission is to "provide opportunities for spiritual birth, growth, and renewal in a Christian seaside setting."It was to operate as a summer camp meeting site on the New Jersey seashore.By the early 20th century, the popular Christian meeting ground became known as the "Queen of Religious Resorts."The community's land is still owned by the camp meeting association and leased to individual homeowners and businesses. Ocean Grove remains the longest-active camp meeting site in the United States.
• Church of the Presidents- Originally consecrated in 1879 as St. James Protestant Episcopal Chapel, a branch of St. James Episcopal Church, this former Episcopal chapel was where seven United States presidents during theVictorian eraworshipped. It was visited by presidentsUlysses S. Grant,Rutherford B. Hayes,James A. Garfield,Chester A. Arthur,Benjamin Harrison,William McKinley,andWoodrow Wilson.All except Grant were in office when they paid their visits to the church.
• Seabrook–Wilson House– Nicknamed the"Spy House"by local residents, the house was built in 1663 in the town ofPort Monmouth,a part ofMiddletown Township,making it the oldest structure in Monmouth County and one of the oldest in the state. The house's architecture was emblematic of the earlyEnglishinfluence in the county. For most of its history, the farm on Sandy Hook Bay was home to generations of two prominent Port Monmouth families, the Seabrooks and the Wilsons. Ship owners and captains, a Revolutionary War militia officer, local business owners and investors, and a clergyman were part of these notable families, many of whom served in local government positions.
• Allaire State Park- Historic park, known for its restored 19th centuryironworks,Allaire Village,which is aliving historymuseum on the park premises. It was a prosperous industrial town producingpig ironandcast ironfrom the surroundingbog irondeposits. The buildings which remain and have been restored today include ageneral store,blacksmithshop,carpenter's shop, manager's house, foreman's house and achurch.One of the workers'row housebuildings has been recreated and now houses a visitor center, museum, and reenactments of nineteenth-century life in this bustlingmill town.The historic village is run by a non-profit organization independent of the park and charges a nominal fee to enter the buildings.It is named afterJames P. Allaire,founder of theHowell Worksat the same site.The park also hosts the Pine Creek Railroad, a tourist railroad.
• Holmdel Park- Located inHolmdel Township,this massive park is part of theMonmouth County Park System.The initial park land was established in 1962, with an additional 227 acres (92 ha) section added in 2001. The park's recreational offerings include fishing (with permit),individual and group picnic areas, tennis courts, playgrounds and 10 miles of hiking trails. Ice skating and sledding are permitted when conditions are deemed safe.The park contains four distinct visitor areas, each with its own parking; three are accessed via the main park entrance while the fourth is located at the activity center further north on Longstreet Road. The park also features:
  • Holmdel Arboretum- Also known as theDavid C. Shaw Arboretum,which contains nearly 3,000 trees and shrubs, representing hundreds of species, cultivars, and varieties, including the Jane Kluis Memorial DwarfConiferGarden, a collection of true cedars (Cedrus) in honor of David Rossheim, and a variety of other plantings such asweeping Atlas cedar,cherrytrees,Amur cork tree,among many others. A map at the entrance identifies the major plant collections.
  • Longstreet Farm- Aliving historyfarm museum displaying a recreation of life in the 1890s. Workers dress in period costume, and perform the activities of a resident of the time period, such as planting and harvesting of crops, and taking caring of livestock.TheHolmes-Hendrickson House,built in 1754, is a museum operated by theMonmouth County Historical Associationnear the farm.

Sports

Monmouth Park Racetrack

Monmouth Park RacetrackinOceanportandFreehold RacewayinFreeholdoffer fans ofthoroughbredhorse racinga chance to bet on races.

In 1943, theNew York Yankeesheld theirspring trainingin Asbury Park instead ofFlorida.This was because rail transport had to be conserved during the war, andMajor League Baseball's Spring Training was limited to an area east of theMississippi Riverand north of theOhio River.

Parks and recreation

Manasquan Reservoiron a calm afternoon inHowell Township

Monmouth County parks are under the administration of theMonmouth County Park System.Established in 1960, the agency that maintains over 40 parks and recreational areas, in Monmouth County. General parks includeTurkey Swamp Park,Manasquan Reservoir,Holmdel Park,Freneau Woods Park,Crosswicks Creek Park,andSeven Presidents Oceanfront Park,among many others. There are also three major bike trails (which were formerly rail-lines) in the county, theUnion Transportation Trailin the southwestern section of the county (near theDelaware Valleyregion), theEdgar Felix Bikewayin the southeastern section of the county (near theJersey Shoreregion), and theHenry Hudson Trailin the western and northern sections of the county (near theRaritan BayshoreandRaritan Valleyregions).

The county also has two major state parks,Monmouth Battlefield State ParkandAllaire State Park,along with a section of theGateway National Recreation Areaat theSandy HookUnit.

National protected area

• Gateway National Recreation Area(part)

Wineries, breweries, and distilleries

The county is home to severalwineries,including:

• Basil T's Brewery
• Carton Brewing
• Cream Ridge Winery
• Four JG's Orchards & Vineyards
• Kane Brewing
• Laird & Company
• Peppadew Fresh Vineyards

Other points of interest

• Keansburg Amusement Park & Runaway Rapids
• PNC Bank Arts Center
• Pier Village
• Asbury Park Boardwalk
• Freehold Raceway Mall
• Monmouth Mall
• iPlay America
• Numerousbeachesalong theJersey Shore
• Monmouth Executive Airport
• Holmdel Cemetery & Mausoleum

Municipalities

Index map of Monmouth County municipalities (click to see index key)

The 53 municipalities in Monmouth County (with 2010 Census data for housing units and area in square miles, as well as 2018 estimates for population) are listed below.Other,unincorporated communitiesin the county are listed next to their parent municipality. Many of these areas arecensus-designated places(labeled as CDPs) that have been created by theUnited States Census Bureaufor enumeration purposes within atownship,with the 2010 Census population listed. Other communities and enclaves that exist within a municipality are also listed.

Municipality	Map index	Mun. type	Pop.	Housing units	Total area	Water area	Land area	Pop. density	Housing density	School district	Unincorporated communities
Aberdeen Township	50	township	18,636	7,102	7.77	2.33	5.45	3,343.0	1,303.8	Matawan-Aberdeen	Cliffwood Cliffwood BeachCDP (3,194) Henningers Mills StrathmoreCDP (7,258)
Allenhurst	14	borough	496	365	0.28	0.02	0.26	1,887.9	1,389.3	Asbury Park(S/R)
Allentown	38	borough	1,828	735	0.63	0.03	0.60	3,023.9	1,215.8	Upper Freehold Regional
Asbury Park	11	city	15,511	8,076	1.60	0.18	1.42	11,319.5	5,672.4	Asbury Park
Atlantic Highlands	29	borough	4,385	2,002	4.56	3.27	1.29	3,401.2	1,552.9	Henry Hudson Regional(7-12) Atlantic Highlands(K-6)	Hilton Stone Church
Avon-by- the-Sea	8	borough	1,901	1,321	0.54	0.12	0.43	4,459.1	3,098.6	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Avon(K-8)
Belmar	7	borough	5,587	3,931	1.65	0.60	1.05	5,544.0	3,761.4	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Belmar(PK-8)
Bradley Beach	10	borough	4,298	3,180	0.63	0.02	0.61	7,023.6	5,196.6	Asbury Park(9-12)(S/R)(93%) Neptune Twp(9-12)(S/R)(7%) Bradley Beach(PK-8)
Brielle	1	borough	4,774	2,034	2.37	0.62	1.76	2,717.5	1,157.8	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Brielle(PK-8)	Manasquan Park
Colts Neck Township	47	township	9,879	3,735	31.79	1.06	30.73	330.0	121.5	Freehold Regional(9-12) Colts Neck(PK-8)	Bucks Mill Colonial Terrace Cooks Mills Montrose Phalanx Scobeyville Vanderburg
Deal	15	borough	750	926	1.32	0.08	1.24	604.8	746.7	Shore Regional(9-12) Deal(K-8)
Eatontown	24	borough	12,242	5,723	5.88	0.05	5.83	2,181.5	982.3	Monmouth Regional(9-12) Eatontown(PK-8)
Englishtown	36	borough	1,847	647	0.59	0.02	0.57	3,245.7	1,137.0	Freehold Regional(9-12) Manalapan-Englishtown(PK-8)
Fair Haven	20	borough	5,820	2,065	2.11	0.51	1.60	3,832.5	1,292.9	Rumson-Fair Haven(9-12) Fair Haven(PK-8)
Farmingdale	34	borough	1,329	578	0.52	0.00	0.52	2,547.7	1,108.0	Freehold Regional(9-12) Farmingdale(PK-8)
Freehold Borough	35	borough	11,767	4,249	1.95	0.00	1.95	6,180.8	2,179.1	Freehold Regional(9-12) Freehold(PK-8)
Freehold Township	42	township	34,735	13,140	38.73	0.22	38.50	939.8	341.3	Freehold Regional(9-12) Freehold Township(PK-8)	Burlington Heights East FreeholdCDP (4,894) Georgia Monmouth Heights Orchard Estates Siloam Smithburg Stonehurst East Stonehurst West West FreeholdCDP (13,613)
Hazlet Township	53	township	19,802	7,417	5.67	0.12	5.56	3,659.4	1,334.8	Hazlet Township	Centerville Mechanicsville North Centerville Tiltons Corner Van Marters Corner West Keansburg
Highlands	28	borough	5,005	3,146	1.37	0.60	0.77	6,522.8	4,100.1	Henry Hudson Regional(7-12) Highlands(PK-6)	Waterwitch
Holmdel Township	51	township	16,662	5,792	18.11	0.22	17.90	937.3	323.7	Holmdel Township	Centerville Crawford Corners Everett Morrells Corner Pleasant Valley Crossroads
Howell Township	43	township	52,114	17,979	61.21	0.65	60.56	843.4	296.9	Freehold Regional(9-12) Howell Township(PK-8)	Adelphia Ardena Ardmore Estates Bergerville Candlewood Collingwood Park Fairfield Fort Plains Freewood Acres Jerseyville Lake Club Land of Pines Larrabees Lower Squankum Matthews Maxim Oak Glen Parkway Pines RamtownCDP (6,242) Salem Hill Shacks Corner Southard Squankum West Farms Winston Park Wyckoff Mills
Interlaken	13	borough	820	393	0.38	0.05	0.33	2,482.3	1,189.7	Shore Regional(9-12)(S/R) West Long Branch(K-8)(S/R)
Keansburg	30	borough	10,105	4,318	16.79	15.72	1.07	9,452.3	4,039.1	Keansburg	Tiltons Corner
Keyport	32	borough	9,719	3,272	1.47	0.07	1.40	5,188.4	2,344.8	Keyport
Lake Como	6	borough	1,759	1,115	0.27	0.01	0.25	6,943.6	4,401.4	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Belmar(PK-8)(S/R)
Little Silver	21	borough	5,813	2,278	3.32	0.61	2.71	2,197.3	841.3	Red Bank Regional(9-12) Little Silver(PK-8)	Little Silver Point
Loch Arbour	12	village	194	159	0.14	0.04	0.10	1,928.2	1,580.4	Shore Regional(9-12)(S/R) West Long Branch(K-8)(S/R)
Long Branch	16	city	30,406	14,170	6.28	1.01	5.27	5,824.4	2,686.7	Long Branch	Branchport East Long Branch Elberon North Long Branch Pier Village West End
Manalapan Township	41	township	39,596	13,735	30.84	0.23	30.61	1,270.0	448.8	Freehold Regional(9-12) Manalapan-Englishtown(PK-8)	Clarks Mills Elton Gordons Corner Lafayette Mills Millhurst Monmouth Heights Oakland Mills Smithburg Taylors Mills Tennent Whittier Oaks YorketownCDP (6,535)
Manasquan	2	borough	5,846	3,500	2.53	1.15	1.38	4,263.0	2,530.2	Manasquan
Marlboro Township	49	township	39,874	13,436	30.47	0.11	30.36	1,323.7	442.5	Freehold Regional(9-12) Marlboro Township(PK-8)	Beacon Hill Bradevelt Claytons Corner Henningers Mills Herberts Corner Hillsdale Marlboro Monmouth Heights Montrose MorganvilleCDP (5,040) Mount Pleasant Pleasant Valley RobertsvilleCDP (11,297) Smocks Corner Spring Valley Wickatunk
Matawan	33	borough	8,736	3,606	2.40	0.14	2.26	3,896.6	1,594.9	Matawan-Aberdeen	Freneau
Middletown Township	52	township	65,490	24,959	58.73	17.75	40.99	1,622.9	608.9	Middletown Township	BelfordCDP (1,768) Chapel Hill East Keansburg Everett FairviewCDP (3,806) Harmony Hendrickson Corners Holland LeonardoCDP (2,757) Leonardville LincroftCDP (6,135) Locust Monmouth Hills NavesinkCDP (2,020) New Monmouth(28,689) North MiddletownCDP (3,295) Oak Hill Philips Mills Port MonmouthCDP (3,818) Red Hill River Plaza Stone Church Tiltons Corner Town Brook
Millstone Township	40	township	10,453	3,434	37.27	0.68	36.59	288.8	93.9	Upper Freehold Regional(9-12)(S/R) Millstone Township(PK-8)	Bairdsville Bergen Mills Carrs Corner Carrs Tavern Charleston Springs Clarksburg Ely Elys Corner Fair Play Holmeson Perrineville Smithburg Stone Tavern Sweetman
Monmouth Beach	17	borough	3,279	1,981	2.07	0.99	1.08	3,049.5	1,842.4	Shore Regional(9-12) Monmouth Beach(PK-8)	Galilee
Neptune City	9	borough	4,869	2,312	0.95	0.00	0.95	5,105.0	2,424.0	Neptune Township(9-12)(S/R) Neptune City(K-8)
Neptune Township	45	township	27,595	12,991	8.67	0.49	8.18	3,414.3	1,587.8	Neptune Township	Bradley Park Green Grove Hamilton Ocean GroveCDP (3,342) Shark River HillsCDP (3,697) West Grove
Ocean Township	46	township	26,708	11,541	11.00	0.12	10.88	2,509.1	1,061.1	Ocean Township	Cold Indian Springs Deal Park Elberon Park Green Grove OakhurstCDP (3,995) Oakhurst Manor WanamassaCDP (4,532) Wayside Wertheins Corner West Allenhurst(1,934)
Oceanport	22	borough	5,751	2,390	3.80	0.62	3.18	1,833.7	751.5	Shore Regional(9-12) Oceanport(PK-8)	Port-au-peck Sands Point
Red Bank	26	borough	12,048	5,381	2.16	0.42	1.74	7,019.1	3,094.4	Red Bank Regional(9-12) Red Bank(PK-8)
Roosevelt	37	borough	882	327	1.92	0.01	1.91	461.8	171.2	East Windsor(7-12)(S/R) Roosevelt(PK-6)
Rumson	19	borough	6,776	2,585	7.12	2.06	5.06	1,408.0	511.0	Rumson-Fair Haven(9-12) Rumson(PK-8)	Oceanic Waterloo
Sea Bright	18	borough	1,412	1,211	1.29	0.56	0.73	1,935.5	1,659.9	Shore Regional(9-12) Oceanport(PK-8)(S/R)	Low Moor Navesink Beach Normandie
Sea Girt	3	borough	1,828	1,291	1.45	0.39	1.06	1,729.6	1,221.5	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Sea Girt(PK-8)
Shrewsbury Borough	25	borough	3,809	1,310	2.20	0.03	2.17	1,757.2	604.4	Red Bank Regional(9-12) Shrewsbury(PK-8)
Shrewsbury Township	48	township	1,141	648	0.10	0.00	0.10	10,877.7	6,177.7	Monmouth Regional(9-12) Tinton Falls(K-8)
Spring Lake	5	borough	2,993	2,048	1.73	0.40	1.33	2,250.8	1,540.2	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Spring Lake(PK-8)	North Spring Lake
Spring Lake Heights	4	borough	4,713	2,972	1.31	0.03	1.28	3,671.3	2,315.1	Manasquan(9-12)(S/R) Spring Lake Heights(K-8)	Villa Park
Tinton Falls	27	borough	17,563	8,766	15.62	0.14	15.49	1,155.3	566.0	Monmouth Regional(9-12) Tinton Falls(K-8)	Green Grove Hockhockson Macedonia Pine Brook Reevytown Wayside West Shrewsbury Wileys Corner
Union Beach	31	borough	5,485	2,269	1.89	0.09	1.80	3,461.5	1,257.7	Keyport(9-12)(S/R) Union Beach(PK-8)	Natco Van Marters Corner
Upper Freehold Township	39	township	7,019	2,458	47.23	0.82	46.42	148.7	53.0	Upper Freehold Regional	Arneytown Cooleys Corner Cream Ridge Ellisdale Emleys Hill Homes Mills Hornerstown Imlaystown Kirbys Mills Nelsonville New Canton New Sharon Polhemustown Pullentown Red Valley Robinsville Sharon Shrewsbury Spring Mill Walnford Wrightsville
Wall Township	44	township	25,705	10,883	31.74	1.06	30.67	853.0	354.8	Wall Township	Allaire AllenwoodCDP (925) Collingwood Park Glendola New Bedford West BelmarCDP (2,493)
West Long Branch	23	borough	7,909	2,528	2.89	0.04	2.86	2,832.9	884.5	Shore Regional(9-12) West Long Branch(K-8)
Monmouth County	—	county	630,380	258,410	665.32	196.53	468.79	1,344.7	551.2

Services

Coroners and medical examiners

Jordan Woolley served as coronerc. 1880.John W. Flock Sr. was the coroner in 1902.The office of medical examiner was merged withMiddlesex County, New Jerseyin 2016.Diane Karluk is themedical examinerserving Mercer County, Middlesex County and Monmouth County.

Monmouth County SPCA

The Monmouth County Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is an animal welfare organization inEatontownproviding animal sheltering and cruelty investigation services to Monmouth County, New Jersey. It was founded in 1945 to care for the community's homeless, neglected, and abused animals. It is a government agency (see wronko vs mcspca 2023), not-for-profit s. 501(c)3 organization. The organization remains open-admission for communities it serves, taking owner surrenders by appointment and also offers animals for adoption. Many of the animals that are up for adoption come from all over the United States.Its Humane Law Enforcement Division investigates more than 900 animal cruelty complaints every year, and accepts anonymous calls. The SPCA also provides dog obedience training, a spay/neutering clinic, and pet bereavement counseling.

Transportation

Roads and highways

Route 33 Business approaching a major intersection with Route 9 inFreehold Township

As of May 2010,the county had a total of 3,354.67 miles (5,398.82 km) of roadways, of which 2,762.31 miles (4,445.51 km) are maintained by the local municipality, 360.42 miles (580.04 km) by Monmouth County and 204.89 miles (329.74 km) by theNew Jersey Department of Transportationand 27.05 miles (43.53 km) by theNew Jersey Turnpike Authority.

Monmouth County is served by several major roadways including:

• U.S. Route 9(The only U.S. Highway in the county; practically bisects Monmouth, stretching through the county for more than 20 miles (32 km) fromLakewoodinOcean Countyin the south toOld Bridge TownshipinMiddlesex Countyto the north.)
• Route 18
• Route 33
• Route 33 Business
• Route 34
• Route 35
• Route 36
• Route 66
• Route 70
• Route 71
• Route 79
• Interstate 95(Does not actually enter Monmouth County, however, exit 7A is just west of the county border nearUpper Freehold Township,providing direct access toInterstate 195)
• Route 138
• Interstate 195(Only interstate to pass through the county)
• TheGarden State Parkwayextends 26.5 miles (42.6 km) fromBrick Townshipin Ocean County in the south to Old Bridge Township in Middlesex County to the north. The Parkway's Monmouth Service Area is located at milepost 100, between exits 98 and 100.

There are also many other major county routes passing through the county, including:

• CR 516,CR 516 Spur,CR 520,CR 522,CR 524,CR 524A,CR 524 Spur,CR 526,CR 526 Spur,CR 527,CR 527A,CR 537,CR 539,CR 547,CR 549,CR 571

Public transportation

Red Bank Train Station

Little Silver Train Station

NumerousNJ Transitbuses crisscross and deliver hundreds of passengers each day tonorthern New JerseyandNew York'sPort Authority Bus TerminalinMidtown Manhattanas well as the317bus line going intoPhiladelphia.Many hundreds more each day travel onNJ Transit Rail Operations'North Jersey Coast Line,which servesPenn StationinNew York City,and passes throughMiddlesex County,entering Monmouth County atMatawan,with 14 stations covering the length of the county, connecting the New York region toAtlantic Oceanshore communities.

See also

• USSMonmouth County(LST-1032)
• Monmouth County Historical Association
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Monmouth County, New Jersey
• List of Monmouth County Board of County Commissioner Directors

Further reading

• Graham Russell Hodges,Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665-1865Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997
• Charles A. Philhower,Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey.(1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.
• Edwin Salter,A History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Embracing a Genealogical Record of Earliest Settlers of Monmouth and Ocean Counties and Their Descendants; The Indians: Their Language, Manners, and Customs; Important Historical Events: The Revolutionary War, Battle of Monmouth, The War of the Rebellion: Names of Officers and Men of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Engaged in It, etc., etc.Bayonne, NJ: E. Gardner and Son, 1890.
• Charles A. Philhower,Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey.(1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.

External links

• Monmouth County official website
• Monmouth County map, New Jersey