Munster Irish

Munster Irish
Munster Gaelic
Gaelainn na Mumhan
Pronunciation	[ˈɡeːlˠən̠ʲn̪ˠəˈmˠuːnˠ]
Ethnicity	Irish
Native speakers	10,000(2012)
Language family	Indo-European Celtic Insular Celtic Goidelic Irish Munster Irish
Early forms	Primitive Irish Old Irish Middle Irish Early Modern Irish
Dialects	Corca Dhuibhne Uíbh Ráthach Múscraí Oileán Chléire Rinn Ó gCuanach An tSean Phobal
Writing system	Latin(Irish alphabet) Irish Braille
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	muns1250
The three dialects ofIrish,with Munster in the south.

Munster Irish(endonym:Gaelainn na Mumhan,Standard Irish:Gaeilge na Mumhan) is thedialectof theIrish languagespoken in theprovinceofMunster.Gaeltachtregions in Munster are found in theGaeltachtaíof theDingle Peninsulain westCounty Kerry,in theIveragh Peninsulain south Kerry, inCape Clear Islandoff the coast of westCounty Cork,inMuskerry West;Cúil Aodha,Ballingeary,Ballyvourney,Kilnamartyra,and Renaree of centralCounty Cork;and inan Rinnandan Sean PhobalinGaeltacht na nDéisein westCounty Waterford.

History

The north and west of Dingle Peninsula (Irish:Corca Dhuibhne) are today the only place in Munster where Irish has survived as the daily spoken language of most of the community although the language is spoken on a daily basis by a minority in other official Gaeltachtaí in Munster.

Historically, the Irish language was spoken throughout Munster and Munster Irish had some influence on those parts ofConnachtandLeinsterbordering it such asKilkenny,Wexfordand southGalwayand theAran Islands.

Munster Irish played an important role in theGaelic revivalof the early 20th century. The noted authorPeadar Ua Laoghairewrote in Munster dialect and stated that he wrote his novelSéadnato show younger people what he viewed as good Irish:

Ag machtnamh dom air sin do thuigeas am' aigne ná raibh aon rud i n-aon chor againn, i bhfuirm leabhair, le cur i láimh aon leinbh chun na Gaeluinne do mhúineadh dhó. As mo mhachtnamh do shocaruigheas ar leabhar fé leith do sgrí' d'ár n-aos óg, leabhar go mbéadh caint ann a bhéadh glan ós na lochtaibh a bhí i bhformhór cainte na bhfilí; leabhar go mbéadh an chaint ann oireamhnach do'n aos óg, leabhar go mbéadh caint ann a thaithnfadh leis an aos óg. Siné an machtnamh a chuir fhéachaint orm "Séadna" do sgrí'. Do thaithn an leabhar le gach aoinne, óg agus aosta. Do léigheadh é dos na seandaoine agus do thaithn sé leó. D'airigheadar, rud nár airigheadar riamh go dtí san, a gcaint féin ag teacht amach a' leabhar chúcha. Do thaithn sé leis na daoinibh óga mar bhí cosmhalacht mhór idir Ghaeluinn an leabhair sin agus an Béarla a bhí 'n-a mbéalaibh féin.

Peig Sayerswas illiterate, but her autobiography,Peig,is also in Munster dialect and rapidly became a key text. Other influential Munster works are the autobiographiesFiche Blian ag FásbyMuiris Ó SúilleabháinandAn tOileánachbyTomás Ó Criomhthain.

Lexicon

Munster Irish differs fromUlsterandConnacht Irishin a number of respects. Some words and phrases used in Munster Irish are not used in the other varieties, such as:

• in aon chor(Clear Island, Corca Dhuibhne, West Muskerry, Waterford) orar aon chor(Clear Island, West Carbery, Waterford) "at any rate" (other dialectsar chor ar bith(Connacht) andar scor ar bith(Ulster)
• fé, fí"under" (standardfaoi)
• Gaelainn"Irish language" (Cork and Kerry),Gaeilinn(Waterford) (standardGaeilge)
• ná"that...not" andnách"that is not" as the copular form (bothnachin the standard)
• leis"also" (Connachtfreisin,Ulsterfosta)
• ansooratso"here" andansanoratsan"there" instead of standardanseoandansin,respectively
• In both demonstrative pronouns and adjectives speakers of Munster Irish differentiate betweenseo"this" andsin"that" following a palatalised consonant or front vowel andso"this" andsan"that" following a velarised consonant or back vowel in final position:an bóthar so"this road",an bhó san"that cow",an chairt sin"that cart",an claí seo"this fence"
• the use oftháinstead oftáin the extreme west of Corca Dhuibhne and in Gaeltacht na nDéise.
• the prepositionchuig"to, towards", common inConnacht IrishandUlster Irishwhere it developed as a back formation from the 3rd person singular prepositionchuige"towards him" is not used in Munster. The formchun(from Classical Irishdo chum), also found in the West and North, is used in preference.
• Munster Irish uses a fuller range of "looking" verbs, while these in Connacht and Ulster are restricted:féachaint"looking", "watching",breithniú"carefully observing",amharc"look, watch",glinniúint"gazing, staring",sealladh"looking" etc.
• the historic dative formtigh"house", as in Scots and Manx Gaelic, is now used as the nominative form (Standardteach)
• Munster retains the historic form of the personal pronounsinn"us" which has largely been replaced withmuid(ormuinnin parts of Ulster) in most situations in Connacht and Ulster.
• Corca Dhuibhne andGaeltacht na nDéiseuse the independent formcím(earlierdo-chím, ad-chím,classical alsodo-chiú, ad-chiú) "I see" as well as the dependent formficim / feicim(classical-faicim), whileMuskerryand Clear Island use the formschím(independent) andficim.
• The adverbial formschuige,a chuigein Corca Dhuibhne anda chuigint"at all" inGaeltacht na nDéiseare sometimes used in addition toin aon chororar aon chor
• The adjectivecuibheasach/kiːsəx/is used adverbially in phrases such ascuibheasach beag"rather small", "fairly small",cuibheasach mór"quite large". Connacht usessáchand Ulsteríontach
• Faic,pioc,puinnandtadain West Munster,dadainGaeltacht na nDéise,ní dúrt pioc"I said nothing at all",níl faic dá bharr agam"I have gained nothing by it"
• The interjectionsambaiste,ambaist,ambasa,ambaic"Indeed!", "My word!", "My God!" in West Munster andamaite,amaite fhéiniginGaeltacht na nDéise(ambaiste=dom bhaisteadh"by my baptism",am basa=dom basaibh"by my palms",ambaic=dom baic"by my heeding";amaite=dom aite"my oddness" )
• obann"sudden" instead oftobannin the other major dialects
• práta"potato",fatain Connacht andpréatain Ulster
• oiriúnach"suitable",feiliúnachin Connacht andfóirsteanachin Ulster
• nóimint,nóimit,nóimeat,neomint,neomat,nóiméadin Connacht andbomaiteinDonegal
• Munster differentiates betweenach go háirithe"anyway", "anyhow" andgo háirithe"particularly", "especially"
• gallúnach"soap",gallaoireachin Connacht andsópain Ulster
• deifiris "difference" in Munster, and is a Latin loan:níl aon deifir eatarthu"there is no difference between them"; the Gaelic worddeifir"hurry" is retained in the other dialects (c.f.Scottish Gaelicdiofar"difference" )
• deabhadhordeithneas"hurry" whereas the other major dialects usedeifir

Phonology

Thephonemicinventory of Munster Irish (based on the accent of West Muskerry in westernCork) is as shown in the following chart (based onÓ Cuív 1944;seeInternational Phonetic Alphabetfor an explanation of the symbols). Symbols appearing in the upper half of each row arevelarized(traditionally called "broad" consonants) while those in the bottom half arepalatalized( "slender" ). The consonant/h/is neither broad or slender.

Consonant phonemes	Bilabial		Coronal						Dorsal				Glottal
			Dental		Alveolar		Palatoalveolar		Palatal		Velar
Stops	pˠ pʲ	bˠ bʲ	t̪ˠ	d̪ˠ	tʲ	dʲ			c	ɟ	k	ɡ
Fricative/ Approximant	ɸˠ ɸʲ	βˠ βʲ			sˠ		ʃ		ç	j	x	ɣ	h
Nasal		mˠ mʲ		n̪ˠ		nʲ				ɲ		ŋ
Tap						ɾˠ ɾʲ
Lateral approximant				l̪ˠ		lʲ

Thevowelsof Munster Irish are as shown on the following chart. These positions are only approximate, as vowels are strongly influenced by the palatalization and velarization of surrounding consonants.

In addition, Munster has thediphthongs/iə,ia,uə,əi,ai,au,ou/.

Some characteristics of Munster that distinguish it from the other dialects are:

• Thefricative[βˠ]is found insyllable-onsetposition. (Connacht and Ulster have[w]here.) For example,bhog"moved" is pronounced[βˠɔɡ]as opposed to[wɔɡ]elsewhere.
• Thediphthongs/əi/,/ou/,and/ia/occur in Munster, but not in the other dialects.
• Word-internalclustersofobstruent+sonorant,[m]+[n/r],and stop + fricative are broken up by an epenthetic[ə],except that plosive +liquidremains in the onset of astressedsyllable.For example,eaglais"church" is pronounced[ˈɑɡəl̪ˠɪʃ],butAibreán"April" is[aˈbrɑːn̪ˠ](as if spelledAbrán).
• Orthographic shortais diphthongized (rather than lengthened) before word-finalmand theOld Irishtensesonorants spellednn,ll(e.g.ceann[kʲaun̪ˠ]"head" ).
• Word-final/j/is realized as[ɟ],e.g.marcaigh"horsemen"[ˈmˠɑɾˠkəɟ].
• Stress is attracted to noninitialheavy syllables:corcán[kəɾˠˈkɑːn̪ˠ]"pot",mealbhóg[mʲal̪ˠəˈβˠoːɡ]"satchel". Stress is also attracted to[ax,ɑx]in the second syllable:coileach[kəˈlʲax]"rooster",beannacht[bʲəˈn̪ˠɑxt̪ˠ]"blessing",bacacha[bˠəˈkɑxə]"lame" (pl.).
• In some varieties, long/ɑː/is rounded to[ɒː].

Morphology

Irish verbsare characterized by having a mixture ofanalyticforms (where information aboutpersonis provided by apronoun) andsyntheticforms (where information about number is provided in an ending on the verb) in their conjugation. Munster Irish has preserved nearly all of the synthetic forms, except for the second-person plural forms in the present and future:

Munster	Standard	Gloss
Present
molaim	molaim	"I (sg.) praise"
molair	molann tú	"you (sg.) praise"
molann sé	molann sé	"he praises"
molaimíd,molam	molaimid	"we praise"
molann sibh(archaic:moltaoi)	molann sibh	"you (pl.) praise"
molaid (siad)	molann siad	"they praise"
Past
mholas	mhol mé	"I praised"
mholais	mhol tú	"you (sg.) praised"
mhol sé	mhol sé	"he praised"
mholamair	mholamar	"we praised"
mholabhair	mhol sibh	"you (pl.) praised"
mholadar	mhol siad	"they praised"
Future
molfad	molfaidh mé	"I will praise"
molfair	molfaidh tú	"you (sg.) will praise"
molfaidh sé	molfaidh sé	"he will praise"
molfaimíd	molfaimid	"we will praise"
molfaidh sibh	molfaidh sibh	"you (pl.) will praise"
molfaid (siad)	molfaidh siad	"they will praise"

Some irregular verbs have different forms in Munster than in the standard (seeDependent and independent verb formsfor the independent/dependent distinction):

Munster independent	Munster dependent	Standard independent	Standard dependent	Gloss
chím	ní fheicim	feicim	ní fheicim	"I see, I do not see"
(do) chonac	ní fheaca	chonaic mé	ní fhaca mé	"I saw, I did not see"
deinim	ní dheinim	déanaim	ní dhéanaim	"I do, I do not"
(do) dheineas	níor dheineas	rinne mé	ní dhearna mé	"I did, I did not"
(do) chuas	ní dheaghas/níor chuas	chuaigh mé	ní dheachaigh mé	"I went, I did not go"
gheibhim	ní bhfaighim	faighim	ní bhfaighim	"I get, I do not get"

Past tense verbs can take the particledoin Munster Irish, even when they begin with consonants. In the standard language, the particle is used only before vowels. For example, Munsterdo bhris séorbhris sé"he broke" (standard onlybhris sé).

Theinitial mutationsof Munster Irish are generally the same as in the standard language and the other dialects. Some Munster speakers, however, use/ɾʲ/as the lenition equivalent of/ɾˠ/in at least some cases, as ina rí/əɾʲiː/"O king!" (Sjoestedt 1931:46),do rug/d̪ˠəɾʲʊɡ/"gave birth" (Ó Cuív 1944:122),ní raghaid/nʲiːɾʲəidʲ/"they will not go" (Breatnach 1947:143).

Syntax

One significantsyntacticdifference between Munster and other dialects is that in Munster (exceptingGaeltacht na nDéise),go( "that" ) is used instead ofaas theindirect relativeparticle:

• an fear go bhfuil a dheirfiúr san ospidéal"the man whose sister is in the hospital" (standardan fear a bhfuil...)

Another difference is seen in the copula.Fear is ea méis used in addition toIs fear mé.

Notable speakers

Some notable Irish singers who sing songs in the Munster Irish dialect includeNioclás Tóibín,Elizabeth Cronin,Labhrás Ó Cadhla,Muireann Nic Amhlaoibh,Seán de hÓra,Diarmuid Ó Súilleabháin,Seosaimhín Ní BheaglaoichandMáire Ní Chéilleachair.

Bibliography

• Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947).The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford.Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.ISBN0-901282-50-2.

• De Bhial, Tomás (1984).An Cabhsa(in Irish). Baile Átha Cliath: An Gúm.
• Dillon, Myles;Ó Cróinín, Donnacha(1961).Teach Yourself Irish.London: English Universities Press.

• Mac Clúin, Seóirse (1922).Réilthíní Óir(in Irish). Vol. 1. Comhlucht Oideachais na h-Éirean.
• —— (1922).Réilthíní Óir(in Irish). Vol. 2. Comhlucht Oideachais na h-Éirean.

• Nic Phaidin, Caoilfhionn (1987). de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (ed.).Cnuasach Focal Ó Uíbh Ráthach.Deascán Foclóireachta (in Irish). Vol. 6. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.ISBN978-0-90-171457-2.
• Nikolaev, Dmitry; Kukhto, Anton (September 2016).An update on the phonology of Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne.Celtic Linguistics Conference. Cardiff University.doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.11371.34088.

• Ó Buachalla, Breandán (2003).An Teanga Bheo: Gaeilge Chléire.Dublin: Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann.ISBN0-946452-98-9.
• —— (2017).Cnuasach Chléire.Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.ISBN978-1-85-500234-0.
• Ó Cuív, Brian (1944).The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork.Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.ISBN0-901282-52-9.
• Ó hAirt, Diarmaid (1988). de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (ed.).Díolaim Dhéiseach.Deascán Foclóireachta (in Irish). Vol. 7. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.ISBN978-0-90-171476-3.
• Ó hÓgáin, Éamonn (1984).Díolaim Focal (A) ó Chorca Dhuibhne.Deascán Foclóireachta. Vol. 3. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.ISBN978-0-90-171430-5.
• Ó Sé, Diarmuid (1995).An Teanga Bheo: Corca Dhuibhne.Institúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann.ISBN0-946452-82-2.
• Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000).Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne.Tuarascáil Taighde (in Irish). Vol. 26. Dublin: Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann.ISBN0-946452-97-0.

• Sjoestedt, Marie-Louise (1931).Phonétique d'un parler irlandais de Kerry(in French). Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux.

• Wagner, Heinrich (1966).Linguistic Atlas and Survey of Irish Dialects.Vol. II: The Dialects of Munster. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.ISBN0-901282-46-4.
• Ward, Alan (1974).The Grammatical Structure of Munster Irish(PhD). University of Dublin.

Literature

• Breatnach, Nioclás (1998).Ar Bóthar Dom.Rinn Ó gCuanach: Coláiste na Rinne.[folklore, Ring]

• de Mórdha, Mícheál, ed. (1998).Bláithín = Flower.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 1. Dingle: An Sagart.[Kerry]
• de Róiste, Proinsias (2001). Ó hÓgáin, Dáithí (ed.).Binsín Luachra: gearrscéalta agus seanchas.Dublin: An Clóchomhar.[short stories, folklore, Limerick]

• Gunn, Marion, ed. (1990).Céad Fáilte go Cléire.Dublin: An Clóchomhar.[folklore, Cape Clear Island]

• Mac an tSíthigh, Domhnall (2000).An Baile i bhFad Siar.Dublin: Coiscéim.[Dingle Peninsula]
• Mac Síthigh, Domhnall (2004).Fan inti.Dublin: Coiscéim.[Dingle Peninsula]

• Ní Chéileachair, Síle; Ó Céileachair, Donncha (1955).Bullaí Mhártain.Dublin: Sáirséal agus Dill.[Coolea]
• Ní Chéilleachair, Máire, ed. (1998).Tomás Ó Criomhthain, 1855-1937.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 2. Dingle: An Sagart.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (1999).Peig Sayers, scéalaí, 1873-1958.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 3. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (2000).Seoirse Mac Tomáis: 1903-1987.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 4. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (2000).Muiris Ó Súilleabháin 1904-1950.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 5. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (2001).Oideachas agus Oiliúint ar an mBlascaod Mór.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 6. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (2004).Fómhar na Mara.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 7. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• ——, ed. (2005).Tréigean an Oileáin.Ceiliúradh an Bhlascaoid. Vol. 8. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry]
• Ní Fhaoláin, Áine Máire, ed. (1995).Scéalta agus Seanchas Phádraig Uí Ghrífín.Dán agus Tallann. Vol. 4. Dingle: An Sagart.[Kerry]
• Ní Ghuithín, Máire (1986).Bean an Oileáin.Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry/Blasket Islands]
• Ní Mhioncháin, Máiréad (1999). Verling, Máirtín (ed.).Béarrach Mná ag Caint.collected by Tadhg Ó Murchú. Inverin: Cló Iar-Chonnachta.ISBN1-902420 05-5.
• Ní Shúilleabháin, Eibhlín (2000). Ní Longsigh, Máiréad (ed.).Cín Lae Eibhlín Ní Shúilleabháin.illustrated by Tomáisín Ó Cíobháin. Dublin: Coiscéim.[Kerry/Blasket Islands]

• Ó Caoimh, Séamas (1989). Ó Connchúir, Éamon (ed.).An Sléibhteánach.edited for print by Pádraig Ó Fiannachta. Maynooth: An Sagart.[Tipperary]
• Ó Cearnaigh, Seán Sheáin (1974).An tOileán a Tréigeadh.Dublin: Sáirséal agus Dill.[Kerry/Blasket Islands]
• Ó Cinnéide, Tomás (1996).Ar Seachrán.Maynooth: An Sagart.
• Ó Cíobháin, Ger (1992). Ó Dúshláine, Tadhg (ed.).An Giorria san Aer.Maynooth: An Sagart.
• Ó Cíobháin, Pádraig (1991).Le Gealaigh.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1992).An Gealas i Lár na Léithe.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1992).An Grá faoi Cheilt.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1995).Desiderius a Dó.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1998).Ar Gach Maoilinn Tá Síocháin.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1999).Tá Solas ná hÉagann Choíche.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Criomhthain, Seán (1991).Lá Dár Saol.Dublin: An Gúm.
• ——; Ó Criomhthain, Tomás (1997). Ó Fiannachta, Pádraig (ed.).Cleití Gé ón mBlascaod Mór.Dingle: An Sagart.
• Ó Criomhthain, Tomás (1997).Allagar na hInise.Dublin: An Gúm.
• —— (1980). Ua Maoileoin, Pádraig (ed.).An tOileánach.Dublin: Helicon Teoranta/An Comhlacht Oideachais.
• —— (1997).Bloghanna ón mBlascaod.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Cróinín, Seán (1985). Ó Cróinín, Donncha (ed.).Seanachas ó Chairbre 1.Scríbhinní Béaloidis. Vol. 13. University College Dublin: Comhairle Bhéaloideas Éireann.ISBN978-0-90-112090-8.
• Ó hEoghusa, Tomás (2001).Solas san Fhuinneog.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Laoghaire, Peadar.Eisirt.Dublin: Brún agus Ó Nualláin Teoranta.
• ——.An Cleasaí.Dublin: Longmans, Brún agus Ó Nualláin Teoranta.
• —— (1999).Mo Scéal Féin.Dublin: Cló Thalbóid.
• ——. Mac Mathúna, Liam (ed.).Séadna.foreword by Brian Ó Cuív. Dublin: Carbad.
• Ó Murchú, Pádraig (1996). Verling, Máirtín (ed.).Gort Broc: Scéalta agus Seanchas ó Bhéarra.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Sé, Maidhc Dainín (2017) [1987].A Thig Ná Tit orm.Dublin: C.J. Fallon.ISBN978-0-71-441212-2.
• —— (1988).Corcán na dTrí gCos.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1993).Dochtúir na bPiast.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (2001).Lilí Frainc.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1998).Madraí na nOcht gCos.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1999).Mair, a Chapaill.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (2003).Mura mBuafam - Suathfam.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1990).Tae le Tae.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (2005).Idir dhá lios agus Nuadha.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Síocháin, Conchúr (1977).Seanchas Chléire.collected by Ciarán Ó Síocháin and Mícheál Ó Síocháin. Dublin: Oifig an tSoláthair.
• Ó Siochfhradha, Pádraig(1913).Cath Fionntrágha(in Irish). Baile Átha Cliath: Connradh na Gaedhilge.
• —— (1926).Seanfhocail na Muimhneach.Corcaigh: Cló-chualacht Seandúna.
• Ó Súilleabháin, Muiris (1998).Fiche Bliain ag Fás.Dingle: An Sagart.
• —— (2000). Uí Aimhirgín, Nuala (ed.).Ó Oileán go Cuilleán.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ó Súilleabháin, Páid (1995).Ag Coimeád na Síochána.Dublin: Coiscéim.

• Sayers, Peig (1992).Machnamh Seanmhná.Dublin: An Gúm.
• —— (1936).Peig.

• Tyers, Pádraig (1982).Leoithne Aniar.Baile an Fhirtéaraigh: Cló Dhuibhne.
• —— (1992).Malairt Beatha.Dunquin: Inné Teoranta.
• —— (2000).An tAthair Tadhg.Dingle: An Sagart.
• —— (1999).Abair Leat Joe Daly.Dingle: An Sagart.
• —— (2003).Sliabh gCua m'Óige.Dingle: An Sagart.

• Ua Ciarmhaic, Mícheál (1996).Iníon Keevack.Dublin: An Gúm.
• —— (1989).Ríocht na dTonn.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (2000).Guth ón Sceilg.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• —— (1986).An Gabhar sa Teampall.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Ua Laoghaire, Peadar (1915).Mo Sgéal Féin.
• Ua Maoileoin, Pádraig (1978).Ár Leithéidí Arís: Cnuasach de Shaothar Ilchineálach.Dublin: Clódhanna Teoranta.
• —— (1968).Bríde Bhán.Dublin: Sairséal agus Dill.
• —— (1969).De Réir Uimhreacha.Dublin: Muintir an Dúna.
• —— (1960).Na hAird ó Thuaidh.Dublin: Sáirséal agus Dill.
• —— (1983).Ó Thuaidh!.Dublin: Sáirséal Ó Marcaigh.
• —— (2001).An Stát versus Dugdale.Dublin: Coiscéim.
• Uí Fhoghlú, Áine (2019).Scéalta agus Seanchas: Potatoes, Children and Seaweed.Foilseacháin Scoil Scairte.ISBN9781916178809.
• Verling, Máirtín, ed. (2007).Leabhar Mhaidhc Dháith: Scéalta agus Seanchas ón Rinn.Dingle: An Sagart.Gaeltacht na nDéise,Co. Waterford]

External links

• a blog and resources for the study of Cork Irish(in Irish)
• Croidhe Cainnte Chiarraighe(in Irish)
• Glór: Cork
• Tigh Mhuiris: Documenting the Irish of Cléire