NOX4
NADPH oxidase 4is anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theNOX4gene,and is a member of the NOX family ofNADPH oxidases.[5]
Function
[edit]Oxygen sensing is essential forhomeostasisin all aerobic organisms. A phagocyte-type oxidase, similar to that responsible for the production of large amounts ofreactive oxygen species(ROS) inneutrophil granulocytes,with resultant antimicrobial activity, has been postulated to function in the kidney as an oxygen sensor that regulates the synthesis oferythropoietinin therenal cortex.[5]
Nox4 protects thevasculatureagainst inflammatory stress.[6]Nox-dependent reactive oxygen species modulation by amino endoperoxides can induce apoptosis in high Nox4-expressing cancer cells.[7]
A study found that NOX4 facilitates certain beneficialadaptive responsesto exercise mediated byROS.Moreover, reductions in skeletal muscle NOX4 in aging and obesity was shown to contribute to the development ofinsulin resistanceand may promote oxidative stress.[8]
References
[edit]- ^abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000086991–Ensembl,May 2017
- ^abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030562–Ensembl,May 2017
- ^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ab"Entrez Gene: NOX4 NADPH oxidase 4".
- ^Schröder K, Zhang M, Benkhoff S, Mieth A, Pliquett R, Kosowski J, Kruse C, Luedike P, Michaelis UR, Weissmann N, Dimmeler S, Shah AM, Brandes RP (April 2012)."Nox4 is a protective reactive oxygen species generating vascular NADPH oxidase".Circ. Res.110(9): 1217–25.doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.267054.PMID22456182.
- ^Zhu P, Tong BM, Wang R, Chen JP, Foo S, Chong HC, Wang XL, Ang GY, Chiba S, Tan NS (March 2013)."Nox4-dependent ROS modulation by amino endoperoxides to induce apoptosis in cancer cells".Cell Death Dis.4(3): e552.doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.68.PMC3615744.PMID23519121.
- ^Xirouchaki, Chrysovalantou E.; Jia, Yaoyao; McGrath, Meagan J.; Greatorex, Spencer; Tran, Melanie; Merry, Troy L.; Hong, Dawn; Eramo, Matthew J.; Broome, Sophie C.; Woodhead, Jonathan S. T.; D’souza, Randall F.; Gallagher, Jenny; Salimova, Ekaterina; Huang, Cheng; Schittenhelm, Ralf B.; Sadoshima, Junichi; Watt, Matthew J.; Mitchell, Christina A.; Tiganis, Tony (December 2021)."Skeletal muscle NOX4 is required for adaptive responses that prevent insulin resistance".Science Advances.7(51): eabl4988.Bibcode:2021SciA....7L4988X.doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl4988.PMC8673768.PMID34910515.
Further reading
[edit]- Lachgar A, Sojic N, Arbault S, et al. (1999)."Amplification of the inflammatory cellular redox state by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-immunosuppressive tat and gp160 proteins".J. Virol.73(2): 1447–52.doi:10.1128/JVI.73.2.1447-1452.1999.PMC103969.PMID9882350.
- Geiszt M, Kopp JB, Várnai P, Leto TL (2000)."Identification of renox, an NAD(P)H oxidase in kidney".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.97(14): 8010–4.Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.8010G.doi:10.1073/pnas.130135897.PMC16661.PMID10869423.
- Shiose A, Kuroda J, Tsuruya K, et al. (2001)."A novel superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidase in kidney".J. Biol. Chem.276(2): 1417–23.doi:10.1074/jbc.M007597200.PMID11032835.
- Cheng G, Cao Z, Xu X, et al. (2001). "Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue expression of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5".Gene.269(1–2): 131–40.doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00449-8.PMID11376945.
- Brar SS, Kennedy TP, Sturrock AB, et al. (2002). "An NAD(P)H oxidase regulates growth and transcription in melanoma cells".Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol.282(6): C1212–24.doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00496.2001.PMID11997235.S2CID25900754.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003)."Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.99(26): 16899–903.Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M.doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899.PMC139241.PMID12477932.
- Kalinina N, Agrotis A, Tararak E, et al. (2002)."Cytochrome b558-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase-phox units in smooth muscle and macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions".Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.22(12): 2037–43.doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000040222.02255.0F.PMID12482831.
- Hilenski LL, Clempus RE, Quinn MT, et al. (2004)."Distinct subcellular localizations of Nox1 and Nox4 in vascular smooth muscle cells".Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.24(4): 677–83.doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000112024.13727.2c.PMID14670934.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004)."Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs".Nat. Genet.36(1): 40–5.doi:10.1038/ng1285.PMID14702039.
- Mahadev K, Motoshima H, Wu X, et al. (2004)."The NAD(P)H oxidase homolog Nox4 modulates insulin-stimulated generation of H2O2 and plays an integral role in insulin signal transduction".Mol. Cell. Biol.24(5): 1844–54.doi:10.1128/MCB.24.5.1844-1854.2004.PMC350558.PMID14966267.
- Chamulitrat W, Stremmel W, Kawahara T, et al. (2004)."A constitutive NADPH oxidase-like system containing gp91phox homologs in human keratinocytes".J. Invest. Dermatol.122(4): 1000–9.doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22410.x.PMID15102091.
- Vaquero EC, Edderkaoui M, Pandol SJ, et al. (2004)."Reactive oxygen species produced by NAD(P)H oxidase inhibit apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells".J. Biol. Chem.279(33): 34643–54.doi:10.1074/jbc.M400078200.PMID15155719.
- Schwarzer C, Machen TE, Illek B, Fischer H (2004)."NADPH oxidase-dependent acid production in airway epithelial cells".J. Biol. Chem.279(35): 36454–61.doi:10.1074/jbc.M404983200.PMID15210697.
- Guzik TJ, Sadowski J, Kapelak B, et al. (2005)."Systemic regulation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase activity and nox isoform expression in human arteries and veins".Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.24(9): 1614–20.doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000139011.94634.9d.PMID15256399.
- Ambasta RK, Kumar P, Griendling KK, et al. (2004)."Direct interaction of the novel Nox proteins with p22phox is required for the formation of a functionally active NADPH oxidase".J. Biol. Chem.279(44): 45935–41.doi:10.1074/jbc.M406486200.PMID15322091.
- Park HS, Jung HY, Park EY, et al. (2004)."Cutting edge: direct interaction of TLR4 with NAD(P)H oxidase 4 isozyme is essential for lipopolysaccharide-induced production of reactive oxygen species and activation of NF-kappa B".J. Immunol.173(6): 3589–93.doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.3589.PMID15356101.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004)."The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)".Genome Res.14(10B): 2121–7.doi:10.1101/gr.2596504.PMC528928.PMID15489334.
- Jana A, Pahan K (2005)."Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 induces apoptosis in human primary neurons through redox-regulated activation of neutral sphingomyelinase".J. Neurosci.24(43): 9531–40.doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3085-04.2004.PMC1955476.PMID15509740.
- Pedruzzi E, Guichard C, Ollivier V, et al. (2004)."NAD(P)H oxidase Nox-4 mediates 7-ketocholesterol-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in human aortic smooth muscle cells".Mol. Cell. Biol.24(24): 10703–17.doi:10.1128/MCB.24.24.10703-10717.2004.PMC533993.PMID15572675.
- Djordjevic T, BelAiba RS, Bonello S, et al. (2005)."Human urotensin II is a novel activator of NADPH oxidase in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells".Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.25(3): 519–25.doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000154279.98244.eb.PMID15618545.