Nacono
TheNaconowere aNative Americantribe from easternTexas.[1]Today they are part of theCaddo Nation of Oklahoma,afederally recognized tribeinOklahoma.
History
[edit]The Nacono were part of theHasinaibranch of theCaddo Confederacy.[2]They historically lived in villages along theNechesandAngelina Rivers,near present-dayCherokeeandHouston Counties.Their environment includes mixed woodlands andsavannas.[3]
Early 18th century Spanish explorerDomingo Ramonrecorded his observations of the Nocono in his 1716 Diary. He observed that the tribe lived near theSan Francisco de los Neches Mission.[4]Another Spanish explorer, Juan Antonio de la Pena wrote in 1721 that the Nacono village, that he called El Macono, was located five leagues below the Neches crossing.[5]Together with 11 to 30 historical communities, including theNadaco,theHainai,and theNacogdoche,the Nacono formed theHasinai confederacy,which evolved into the greaterCaddo confederacy.[3]These confederacies are thought to have formed due to upheavals, depopulation, and migrations caused by European diseases and increased conflicts in the region in the 17th century.[6]
Names
[edit]The tribe is also known as the Naconish,[2]Macono, Naconome, and Nocono.[4]The Lacane, Nacachau, Nacao (Nacau), Naconicho (Nacaniche), and Nakanawan peoples might have been divisions of the Nacono tribe.[7]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- Bolton, Herbet E.The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans.Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002.ISBN978-0-8061-3441-3.
- Early, Ann M. "The Caddoes of the Trans-Mississippi South." McEwan, Bonnie G., ed.Indians of the Great Southeast: Historical Archaeology and Ethnohistory.Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000.ISBN0-8130-1778-5
- Sturtevant, William C., general editor and Raymond D. Fogelson, volume editor.Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast.Volume 14. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.ISBN0-16-072300-0.
External links
[edit]- Nacono Indians,from Handbook of Texas Online