The Centre has its roots in theRadio AstronomyGroup ofTIFR,set up in the early 1960s under the leadership ofGovind Swarup.The group designed and built the Ooty Radio Telescope. In the early 80's an ambitious plan for a new telescope was proposed - the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. Since the site chosen for this new telescope was close to Pune, a new home for the group was built in the scenic campus of Pune University. The radio astronomy group morphed into the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics around this time.[5]
The National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of theTata Institute of Fundamental Research(NCRA-TIFR) is a institute for radio astronomy in India. Research activities at NCRA-TIFR are centered on low frequency radio astronomy, with research in a wide range of areas, includingsolar physics,pulsars,active galactic nuclei,the interstellar medium,supernova remnants,theGalactic Center,nearbygalaxies,high-redshiftgalaxies, Fundamental Constant Evolution, and theepoch of reionization.NCRA-TIFR has built and operates the largest steerableradio telescopein the world, the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, as well as the Ooty Radio Telescope, and work at the frontiers of astronomy and astrophysics, as well as in instrumentation development.[6][7]
In April 2019, scientists of the NCRA led by Divya Oberoi published few of the deepest radio images of the sun.[8]
Research facilities of NCRA includes a well-furnished Library both at NCRA and GMRT, Computing Facilities, Radio Physics Laboratory(A joint initiative of NCRA-TIFR and IUCAA) and above all two radio telescopes GMRT and ORT.
NCRA has set up a unique facility for radio astronomical research using the metrewavelengths range of theradio spectrum,known as the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), it is located at a site about 80 km north of Pune. GMRT consists of 30 fully steerable gigantic parabolic dishes of 45m diameter each spread over distances of up to 25 km. GMRT is one of the most challenging experimental programmes in basic sciences undertaken by Indian scientists and engineers. GMRT is a unique instrument which opens up theskyat the Metrewave range of theElectromagnetic spectrumand using the technique ofAperture synthesisallows to make high sensitive maps of the sky.[9]The instrument is at par with other radio telescopes in the world like theVLAin terms of resolution. It complements VLA at the metre-wavelengths.
The Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT, as it is known) is acylindricalparaboloidof reflecting surface, 530 m long and 30 m wide, placed on a hill whose slope of about 11 degree in the north-south direction which is the same as the latitude of the location of ORT. This makes it possible to trackcelestial objectsfor about 10 hours continuously from their rising in east to their setting in the west by simply rotating the antenna mechanically along its long axis. The telescope is operated at 326.5 MHz (awavelengthof 0.92 m) with 15 MHz usablebandwidth.The large size of the telescope makes it highly sensitive. It has been designed and fabricated fully indigenously.[10]
Radio Physics Laboratory(RPL) is a joint initiative of National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA-TIFR) andInter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics(IUCAA). It has set up severalradio antennasin the campus itself. These contain 3-metre and 4-metre radio antennas as well as the construction of a 15-metre antenna in progress. RPL conducts a variety of student training programs including two major annual all India programs - Radio Astronomy Winter School for College students (RAWSC) and Pulsar Observing for Students (POS).[11]
The Visiting Students Research Programme (VSRP) is a summer programme conducted annually during the summer season by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics.
