National anthem of Austria
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| English: National Anthem of the Republic of Austria | |
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 Sheet music of the Austrian national anthem from the late 1940s, citingWolfgang Amadeus Mozartas the composer and utilizing the pre-2011 lyrics | |
National anthem ofAustria | |
| Also known as | Land der Berge, Land am Strome(English: Land of the mountains, land by the river) |
| Lyrics | Paula von Preradović,1947 (modified in 2012) |
| Music | Disputed (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozartand/orJohann Holzer), 1791 |
| Adopted | 1946 (as instrumental) 1947 (with lyrics) |
| Preceded by | "Sei gesegnet ohne Ende"(as independent Austria) "Deutschlandlied"and"Horst-Wessel-Lied"(as part of Germany) |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Bandinstrumental version (one verse) | |
Thenational anthem ofAustria(Austrian German:Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich), also known by itsincipit"Land der Berge, Land am Strome"(pronounced[lantdeːɐ̯ˈbɛʁɡəlantʔamˈʃtʁoːmə];Land of the mountains, land by the river), was adopted in 1946. The melody, originally attributed toWolfgang Amadeus Mozartbut now disputed among various composers (most probably byJohann Holzer), was matched with a text byPaula von Preradovićthe following year.
History[edit]
Nineteen days before his death on 5 December 1791,Wolfgang Amadeus Mozartcomposed his last complete work, theFreimaurerkantate,K.623. In parts of the printed edition of thiscantatathere appeared the song K. 623a "Lasst uns mit geschlungnen Händen"(" Let us with joined hands "). To this melody the Austrian national anthem is sung. Today, Mozart's authorship is regarded as dubious and the song is attributed toJohann Holzer(either solely or co-authored with Mozart)[1]orPaul Wranitzky.[2]
Before the World War IIAnschluss,Austria's state anthem was "Sei gesegnet ohne Ende",set to the tune ofHaydn's "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser",the state anthem of imperial Austria since 1797. The current German national anthem"Deutschlandlied"uses the same tune, but with different words (it was also the co-national anthem ofGermany during National Socialist rule). To avoid the association, and because singing it was banned for a time after the war, a new state anthem was created. The lyrics were written byPaula von Preradović,one of the few women to have written lyrics for a national anthem.[3]On 22 October 1946, the song was officially declared Austria's national anthem, albeit without words. Lyrics were added in February 1947. On 1 January 2012, parts of the lyrics were changed to make the composition gender-neutral.
Attempts at gender-neutral language[edit]
Since the 1990s, several attempts have been made to modify the lyrics to use moregender-neutral language.In 2005, Women's MinisterMaria Rauch-Kallatof theAustrian People's Party(ÖVP) stated her objection to the wordssons,fraternalandfatherlandin the lyrics and proposed changes.[4]Her proposal met strong resistance by Austria's largest newspaper, theKronen Zeitung,and failed to gain support from the then coalition partner, theAlliance for the Future of Austria(BZÖ).
In January 2010 Austrian pop singerChristina Stürmerpresented a pop version of the hymn "Heimat bist du großer Söhneund Töchter"(" Thou art home to great sonsand daughters")[5]as part of a campaign by the Austrian federal ministry of education. She was sued for violation of copyright by the estate ofPaula von Preradovićbut subsequently cleared by theAustrian Supreme Court of Justice[6]who called it "a mere modernisation" and allowed the version to stand.
Since 1 January 2012 a few words in the state anthem are different from before. The text and notes of the state anthem were officially codified in the "Bundesgesetz über die Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich" (English:Federal act about the federal anthem of the Republic of Austria).[7]
Lyrics[edit]
Only the first verse is considered official and performed during official events.
| German original[8] | IPAtranscription[a] | Poetic English translation[citation needed] |
|---|---|---|
I |
1 |
I |
The original (pre-2012) lyrics had the lineHeimat bist du großer Söhne(Home art thou to great sons) instead ofHeimat großer Töchter und Söhneon first verse as well asBrüderchören(fraternal choirs) instead ofJubelchören(jolly choirs) in the third verse. The anthem is currently sung to the following melody:
![<<
\new Voice="melody" \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"choir aahs" \tempo 4 = 78
\autoBeamOff
\override Score.BarNumber #'transparent = ##t
%\voiceOne
\language "deutsch"
\key f \major
\time 3/4
% \override FirstVoice.DynamicText.direction = #UP
c2^\f b4 a2 b8 [( c )]
d2 c4 c8 [( b )] b4 r
b2 a4 g2 a8 [( b )]
c2 b4 b8 [( a )] a4 r
h2 c4 d2 e4 f ( d ) h c2 r4
g2^\p a4 c ( b ) g a2 d8 b a4 g r
g2 a4 c ( b ) g a2 d8 [( b )] a4 g r
b2^\f a4 d2 c4 c8 [ ( b ] a4 ) g a2 r4
d2^\ff c4 e2 f8 [( c )] c [ ( b ] a4 ) g f2 r4
}
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "melody" {
Land der Ber -- ge, Land am Stro -- me,
Land der Ä -- cker, Land der Do -- me,
Land der Häm -- mer, zu -- kunfts -- reich!
Hei -- mat gro -- ßer
\set ignoreMelismata = ##t
Töch -- ter und Söh -- ne,
\unset ignoreMelismata
Volk, be -- gna -- det für das Schö -- ne:
viel -- ge -- rühm -- tes Ös -- ter -- reich.
Viel -- ge -- rühm -- tes Ös -- ter -- reich.
}
>>](https://upload.wikimedia.org/score/j/5/j5iwrk5itsqahzb3u66bi4cm6qtmxzb/j5iwrk5i.png)
Parody[edit]
The same evening after von Preradović learned that her lyrics were chosen for the national anthem, her sons,OttoandFritz Molden,composed a satirical version of them.[9]
Land der Erbsen, Land der Bohnen,
Land der vier Besatzungszonen,
Wir verkaufen dich im Schleich!
Und droben überm Hermannskogel
Flattert froh der Bundesvogel.
Vielgeliebtes Österreich!
Land of the peas, land of the beans,
Land of the fourzones of occupation,
we sell thee on theblack market!
And up there over theHermannskogel
gladly thefederal birdflutters.
Much beloved Austria!
According to media researcherPeter Diem,the first two of these lines were popular in the schools of Vienna in 1955.[10]
References[edit]
- ^Werke zweifelhafter Echtheit – Band 3 Orchesterwerke und Lieder,vol. X/29/3, pp. xxxiii, xxxiv,Neue Mozart-Ausgabe(in German)
- ^Diederichs, Joachim[in German](2018)."Von wem stammt die Melodie der österreichischen Bundeshymne?"[From whom is the melody of the Austrian national anthem?].Österreichische Musikzeitschrift(in German). Vienna: Hollitzer Verlag. pp. 79–82. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-06-07.Retrieved7 June2019.,year 73
- ^"Austria—Land der Berge, Land am Strome".NationalAnthems.me.Retrieved2011-12-01.
- ^"Austrian national anthem 'sexist'".BBC News. 26 September 2005.Retrieved13 April2008.
- ^BildungshymneonYouTube
- ^Decision"Bundeshymne II/Rock me Paula",Supreme Court of Justice (Austria)(4Ob171/10s, 15 December 2010)(in German)
- ^Bundesgesetzblatt I Nr. 127/2011,27 December 2011(in German)
- ^Bundesgesetzblatt I Nr. 127/2011,27 December 2011, text and melody (in German)
- ^Fepolinski und Waschlapski auf dem berstenden Stern. Bericht einer unruhigen Jugend[Fepolinsky and Waschlapski on a bursting star. Report of a troubled youth.] (in German). Vienna: Ibera & Molden. 1997.ISBN3-900436-42-8.
- ^Land der Berge, Land am Strome...inAustria-Forum(in German)by Peter Diem
Notes[edit]
External links[edit]
Media related toNational anthem of the Republic of Austriaat Wikimedia Commons- "Lasst uns mit geschlungnen Händen":Scoreandcritical report(in German)in theNeue Mozart-Ausgabe
- Bundeshymneat Chancellery, Austrian Federal Government
- "Land der Berge, Land am Strome" – audio, lyrics and information(archive link)
- Vocal version
- Instrumental version
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