Navy Day
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(May 2017) |
Several nations observe or have observed aNavy Dayto recognize theirnavy.
By country
[edit]Argentina
[edit]TheArgentine Navyday is celebrated on May 17, anniversary of the victory achieved in 1814 against the Spanish fleet in theBattle of Montevideo.[1]
Bahrain
[edit]TheRoyal Bahrain Naval ForceDay is celebrated on February 18.
Bangladesh
[edit]TheBangladesh NavyDay is celebrated on March 26, in anniversary theIndependence Dayof Bangladesh, the day in whichBangladesh Navyfirst came into existence.
Bulgaria
[edit]Bulgaria's Navy Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in August.[2]
Chile
[edit]TheDía de las Glorias Navalesis a public holiday inChileon May 21.[3]It commemorates theBattle of Iquiqueon May 21, 1879, in theWar of the Pacific.
Until 2015 and since 2018, the day also marked the opening of the ordinaryParliamentary season(through September 18,Independence Day) and is the traditional day for thePresident's State of the Nation address.
Principal civic acts are performed in Santiago de Chile,IquiqueandValparaíso,where the Chilean Navy Headquarters are located, as well as inPunta Arenas,Puerto Montt,AricaandTalcahuano.
China
[edit]ThePeople's Liberation Armyof China celebrates the founding of its naval arm on "Navy Day", 23 April.[4]
Croatia
[edit]TheDay of the Croatian Navyis celebrated on September 18.
Ecuador
[edit]Navy Day (Día de la Armada Nacional) is celebrated on July 25, in commemoration of the Battle of Jambelí (July 25, 1941), part of theEcuadorian–Peruvian War.[5]
India
[edit]Navy day in India is celebrated on 4 December every year to celebrate the achievements and role of its naval force. It commemorates the day when Indian Naval Ships set Karachi ablaze and gave a successful completion ofOperation Trident.
Iran
[edit]November 28 is a Navy Day inIran.It commemoratesOperation Morvaridof 1980, a majorIranian Navyvictory during theIran–Iraq War.[6]
Israel
[edit]In Israel, Navy Day (יום חיל הים) is celebrated on June 30. At this time in 1948 the Port ofHaifawas captured by Israel during the1948 Arab-Israeli War.Traditionally, Navy Day is preceded by Memorial Evening.
In 1993 AdmiralAmi Ayalondecided to hold theIsrael Navyday in the last week of October, commemorating victories in several wars:
- The sinking of the Egyptian Navy flagshipEl Amir Farouqon 22 October 1948.
- Capture of the Egyptian frigateIbrahim el Awalon 31 October 1956.
- The overwhelming successful actions of theYom Kippur War,6–24 October 1973.
Memorial Evening was rescheduled as well, marking the loss of destroyerINS Eilaton 21/10/1967. As of 2009 the celebrations have been elongated for a week, which for practical reasons, are held each year in August.
Another significance of June 30 Navy Day is a legacy of theSoviet Unionthat introduced this holiday in June 1939; the date was chosen in connection with theBattle of Gangut[7]which took place on 27 JulyJul./ 7 August 1714Greg..This date is celebrated by a number of Soviet Jews who immigrated to Israel in 1990s.
Italy
[edit]In Italy, Navy Day is June 10[8]and it is not anational holiday.It commemorates the sinking of theAustro-HungariandreadnoughtSMSSzent Istvánby the Italiantorpedo boatMAS-15on June 10, 1918.
Japan
[edit]
In theEmpire of Japan,Navy Anniversary Day ( hải quân ký niệm nhật, Kaigun Kinen'bi) was May 27 from 1906 until 1945. It was in commemoration of theBattle of Tsushima.
Mexico
[edit]In Mexico, theMexican Navycelebrates Navy Day on November 23, in honor of the1825 Spanish surrenderto naval ships stationed atSan Juan de Ulúa.[9]June 1 is National Maritime (Merchant Marine) Day, in honor of theTabasco,the first ship crewed exclusively by Mexican-born sailors (1917) and thePotrero del LlanoandFaja de Oro,Mexican oil tankers sunk on May 13 and 20, 1942, during World War II.[10][11]
Netherlands
[edit]In The Netherlands the navy days ( "vlootdagen") are held on the first weekend of July, with major events organized by theRoyal Netherlands Navy.
Peru
[edit]In Peru, Navy Day is a national holiday celebrated on 8 October in commemoration of theBattle of Angamosin 1879 and the anniversary ofPeruvian Navycreation in 1821.
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Pakistan
[edit]InPakistan,Navy Day (Urdu:یوم بحریہ), is celebrated on September 8 in commemoration of theIndo-Pakistan war of 1965.September 8, 1965 was the day whenPakistan Navylaunched its merely successful strategic operation against India, codenameOperation Dwarka,by the25th Destroyer Squadron.Indian squadron was merely damaged after the cowardly attack and suffered less causalties, after the attack India launched Operation Trident,which devasted the entire fuel containers in karachi, destroyed many submarines and PNS ships resulting into the brutal loss of Pakistan Navy by a decade.
Portugal
[edit]In Portugal, since 1998, Navy Day is celebrated on May 20, in remembrance ofVasco da Gama's first arrival in India.[12]
Romania
[edit]In Romania, Navy Day takes place on August 15.
Russia
[edit]
InRussiaNavy Dayis a national holiday that normally takes place on the last Sunday of July. It is a legacy of theSoviet Unionthat introduced this holiday in June 1939; the date was chosen in connection with theBattle of Gangut.[7]
Taiwan (ROC)
[edit]In Taiwan, Navy Day is celebrated on September 2. It commemorates the September 2 Naval Battle in 1958 during theSecond Taiwan Strait Crisis.
Thailand
[edit]InThailand,Royal Thai Navy Day is celebrated on November 20. The day commemorates the day in 1906 thatKing Chulalongkornopened theRoyal Thai Naval Academy.[13]
Turkey
[edit]In Turkey, Navy Day is celebrated on September 27. It commemorates theBattle of Prevezaon 27 September 1538 nearPrevezain northwesternGreecebetween anOttomanfleet and that of aChristian allianceassembled byPope Paul IIIin which theOttoman fleetdefeated the allies. It is not anational holiday.
Turkmenistan
[edit]In Turkmenistan, Navy Day is celebrated on October 9 and celebrates the founding of theTurkmen Naval Forcesin 1992.[14]
Ukraine
[edit]
InUkraine,Navy Dayis a professional holiday that is celebrated on the first Sunday of July.[15]The commemoration was established in 1996 (then to be celebrated August 1).[16]Till 2012 the day was celebrated on August 1.[17]From 2012 till 2015 Ukraine had the same date for its Navy Day asRussiaand theSoviet Union(like Russia,Ukraine is a former Soviet republic); the Soviet Union introduced its Navy Day in June 1939; the date was chosen because of a connection with the day theBattle of Ganguttook place.[7][18]On24 August2014Ukrainian PresidentPetro Poroshenkodeclared that Ukraine should not celebrate the holidays of the "military-historical calendar ofRussia"but" We will honor the defenders of our homeland, not someone else's ".[19]On 12 June 2015 a Presidential decree by Poroshenko moved Ukraine's Navy Day to the first Sunday of July.[15]
The Day ofNaval Forces/Marines of Ukraineis celebrated in Ukraine on the 23rd of May annually.[20]On 23 May 1918Hetmanof theUkrainian StatePavlo Skoropadskyiordered the creation of a brigade of naval infantry consisting of three regiments.[21]
United Kingdom
[edit]The term is also used in Britain to mean an open day at adockyardsuch asHMNB Portsmouth,when the public can visit military ships and see air displays, roughly along the lines of an AmericanFleet Week.[22] TheRoyal Navy's equivalent of "Navy Day" isTrafalgar Day,which is celebrated on 21 October.
United States
[edit]
In the United States, theNavy League of the United Statesorganized the first Navy Day in 1922, holding it on October 27 because it was the birthday of 26th PresidentTheodore Roosevelt(1858–1919, served 1901–1909), who was a naval enthusiast/promoter of sea power and former assistantSecretary of the Navyjust before theSpanish–American Warof 1898. Although meeting with mixed reviews the first year, in 1923 over 50 major cities participated, and theUnited States Navysent a number of its ships to various port cities for the occasion. The 1945 Navy Day was an especially large celebration, with 33rd PresidentHarry S. Truman(1884–1972, served 1945–1953), reviewing the returning home American fleet inNew York Harborafter victory inWorld War II.
In 1949,Louis A. Johnson,(1891–1966, served 1949–1950), secondSecretaryof the newly merged and createdDepartment of Defense,directed that the U.S. Navy's participation occur on newly establishedArmed Forces Dayfor the unified/coordinated uniformed services in May, although as a private civilian organization, the Navy League was not affected by this directive, and continued to organize separate Navy Day celebrations as before. In the 1970s, historical research found that the "birthday" of the earlierContinental Navyduring theAmerican Revolutionary War(1775–1783), was determined to be October 13, 1775, and soChief of Naval OperationsAdmiralElmo R. Zumwaltworked with the Navy League to define October 13 as the new date of Navy Day. However, Navy Day in the United States is still largely recognized as October 27, while October 13 is marked as the Navy Birthday. The period between these two dates constitute a festive period of celebrations of the birth of the Navy.
Venezuela and Colombia
[edit]July 24, the birthday of Simon Bolivar and the anniversary of the 1823 Patriot victory in theBattle of Lake Maracaibo,is marked as Navy Day in both Venezuela and Colombia. Both theBolivarian Navy of Venezuelaand theColombian Navyhold major events to mark the holiday.
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^Historia de la Armada Argentina (in spanish)Archived2008-12-16 at theWayback Machine
- ^AnydayGuide."Navy Day in Bulgaria / August 14, 2016".
- ^"Días Feriados en Chile".Retrieved18 May2016.
- ^"Hải quân tiết".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-03-03.Retrieved2014-12-04.
- ^"25 de julio: Conmemoración de la Batalla de Jambelí y Día de la Armada Nacional – Ministerio de Defensa Nacional".www.defensa.gob.ec.Archived fromthe originalon 2020-12-30.Retrieved2020-06-11.
- ^"IRAN HIT BY WORK STOPPAGES".Radio Free Europe.January 1999.Retrieved2016-11-28.
- ^abcThe Rise and Fall of the Soviet Navy in the Baltic 1921–1941byGunnar Åselius,Routledge,2005,ISBN0-7146-5540-6
- ^"Giornata della Marina – Marina Militare".
- ^El 23 de noviembre se celebra el Día de la Armada de MéxicoRetrieved Jan 12, 2020
- ^"Secretaría de Marina – Gobierno – gob.mx".
- ^1 de junio: Día de la Marina en México, ¿a qué hace honor esta fecha?Notimerica, June 1, 2019
- ^Dia da MarinhaO Dia da Marinha celebra-se a 20 de maio, em homenagem ao grande feito de Vasco da Gama que neste dia, em 1498, pela primeira vez na história, ligou, por via marítima, a Europa ao Oriente, com a chegada a Calecute, na Índia.
- ^"Thai Navy celebrates 111th anniversary".Pattaya Mail. 19 November 2017.Retrieved18 July2018.
- ^"President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov Congratulates Officers, Sailors, Cadets on Day of Naval Forces | TDH".tdh.gov.tm.Retrieved2018-08-10.
- ^abUkrainian Navy to celebrate its holiday on first Sunday of July – decree,Interfax-Ukraine(12 June 2015)
- ^Ukraine Intelligence & Security Activities and Operations Handbook,International Business Publications, USA,2009,ISBN0-7397-1661-1
- ^The Global Road Warrior: 100 Country Handbook for the International Business TravelerbyJoe Reif,World Trade Press,2001,ISBN1-885073-86-0
- ^President signs Decree On Celebration of Some Memorable Dates and Professional HolidaysArchived2012-01-22 at theWayback Machine,President.gov.ua(30 December 2011)
- ^(in Ukrainian)Poroshenko: Ukraine will never celebrate February 23Archived2014-08-25 at theWayback Machine,TVi(24 August 2014)
English-language translation of Poroshenko's Independence Day remarks in Kyiv,Kyiv Post(24 August 2014) - ^"Zelenskyy: Marine Corps and new brigades to be created in Ukraine".Ukrainska Pravda.23 May 2023.Retrieved23 May2023.
- ^Poroshenko enacts law on Ukraine's Air Assault Forces,UNIAN(23 May 2018)
(in Ukrainian)Marines received new berets and a new holiday,Ukrayinska Pravda(23 May 2018)
Морська Держава:: Головна сторiнка - АнонсиArchived2007-09-27 at theWayback Machine
(in Ukrainian)A long way to the sea: Marines of the Ukrainian People's Republic,Istorychna Pravda(29 April 2021) - ^Navy MattersArchived2013-05-23 at theWayback Machine