Nebiryraw I
| Sewadjenre Nebiryraw | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Nebiryerawet, Nebiriau | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Dagger of Nebiryraw I (JE 33702) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 1627–1601 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Seankhenre Mentuhotepi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Nebiryraw II | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Children | Nebiryraw II? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 1601 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | 16th Dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sewadjenre Nebiryraw(alsoNebiriau I,Nebiryerawet I) was anancient Egyptianpharaohof theTheban-based16th Dynasty,during theSecond Intermediate Period.
Reign[edit]
On theTurin Canonhe is credited with a 26-year-long reign and was succeeded by his namesakeNebiryraw II,who may have been his son.[3]All the seals issued by Nebiryraw were made of clay orfritrather than the usualsteatitewhich implies there were no mining expeditions dispatched to theEastern Desertregion of Egypt during his reign.[4]Two seals of this king were found atLishtwhich at the time was part of theHyksosrealm; this finding may demonstrate diplomatic contacts between the Theban dynasty and the Hyksos during Nebiryraw's reign, although this is uncertain.[5]
Attestations[edit]
Besides the mention in the Turin Canon and the aforementioned seals, Nebiryraw I is mainly known from theJuridical Stela,a well known administrative document dated to his regnal Year 1, now at theCairo Museum(JE 52453).[6] Also in Cairo (JE 33702) there is acopperdagger bearing his throne name, discovered byFlinders Petriein a cemetery atHu,in late 1890s.[7][8]Nebiryraw is also depicted along with the goddessMaaton a small stela which is part of the Egyptian collection located inBonn.[9]
Nebiryraw's throne nameSewadjenre(along with the epithets "good god"and"deceased") appears on the base of abronzestatuette of the godHarpocratesnow in Cairo (JE 38189), along with other royal names, two of them – Ahmose and Binpu – apparently belonging to princes of the17th Dynastywhich would replace the 16th Dynasty shortly thereafter. The statuette also mentions a "good god Neferkare, deceased" which is generally believed to be the throne name of Nebiryraw's purported son and successor, Nebiryraw II. The statuette is clearly non-contemporary, however, since the cult of Harpocrates was introduced during thePtolemaic periodi.e. about 1500 years after the people named on the statuette had lived.[10]
References[edit]
- ^"Titulary".Archived fromthe originalon 2008-08-08.Retrieved2008-06-08.
- ^Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013).The great name: ancient Egyptian royal titulary.Writings from the ancient world, no. 33. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.ISBN978-1-58-983736-2,see p. 84
- ^Ryholt, Kim(1997).The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period (=Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20).Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.ISBN87-7289-421-0.,pp. 155, 202
- ^Ryholt, pp. 159-60
- ^Ryholt, p. 162
- ^Lacau, Pierre(1949). "Une stèle juridique de Karnak".Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte. Supplément.13.
- ^Petrie, Flinders (1901).Diospolis Parva, the cemeteries of Abadiyeh and Hu, 1898-9,pl. 32, n. 17
- ^Ryholt, p. 178, n. 639
- ^Pieke, Gabi (ed.) (2006)Tod und Macht, Jenseitsvorstellungen in Altägypten,Bonn, fig. on p.61
- ^Redford, Donald B.(1986).Pharaonic king-lists, annals and day-books: a contribution to the study of the Egyptian sense of history.Mississauga: Benben Publications.ISBN0920168078.,p. 55
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