Neurotology
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| Occupation | |
|---|---|
| Names | Doctor, Medical practitioner |
Occupation type | Profession |
Activity sectors | Medicine |
| Description | |
Education required | Degree in Medicine |
Fields of employment | Hospitals,clinics |
Related jobs | Otology |
Neurotologyorneuro-otologyis a subspecialty ofotolaryngology—head and neck surgery,also known as ENT (ear, nose, and throat) medicine.[1]Neuro-otology is closely related tootology,clinical neurology[2]andneurosurgery.
Otology may refer to ENTphysicianswho "... [study] normal and pathological anatomy and physiology of the ear (hearing and vestibular sensory systems and related structures and functions)...", and who treat diseases of the ear with medicine or surgery.[3]In some instances, otology and neurotology are considered together—as so closely related that a clear demarcation between the subspecialties might not exist. For example, theUniversity of Maryland Medical Centeruses the term, "otologist/neurotologist".[4]
Otologists and neurotologists have specialized in otolaryngology and then further specialized in pathological conditions of the ear and related structures. Many general otolaryngologists are trained in otology or middle ear surgery, performing surgery such as atympanoplasty,or a reconstruction of the eardrum, when a hole remains from a prior ear tube or infection. Otologic surgery includes treatment ofconductive hearing lossby reconstructing the hearing bones, orossicles,as a result of infection, or by replacing the stapes bone with astapedectomyforotosclerosis.Otology and neurotology encompass more complex surgery of the inner ear not typically performed by general otolaryngologists, such as removal of vestibular schwannoma,cholesteatoma,labyrinthectomy,surgery of theendolymphatic sacforMénière's diseaseandcochlear implantsurgery.
Education and training[edit]
It is more and more common in the United States as well as around the world forotolaryngologiststo obtain additional advanced training in neurotology, which requires an additional one or two years of fellowship training after the usual five years ofresidency.
Conditions[edit]
Conditions treated by neurotologists include:
- Vestibular (balance) diseases, such asMénière's diseaseandvestibular neuronitis
- Skull basetumors,such asvestibular schwannoma(acoustic neuroma)
- Facial nerve disorders, includingfacial nerve paralysis
- Hearing loss and deafness
- Certain conditions relating to theskull base
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"Position Statement: Otology/Neurotology".American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.20 March 2014.Retrieved9 January2020.
- ^Furman, Joseph M.; Lempert, Thomas, eds. (2016).Neuro-otology.Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 137. Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller, and Dick F. Swaab (series eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier.ISBN978-0-444-63447-4.OCLC958650847.
Neuro-Otology:a volume in theHandbook of Clinical Neurologyseries, provides a comprehensive translational reference on the disorders of the peripheral and central vestibular system. The volume is aimed at serving clinical neurologists who wish to know the most current established information related to dizziness and disequilibrium from a clinical, yet scholarly, perspective.
- ^"Otology and Neurotology".University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.Retrieved1 January2020.
- ^"What is an Otologist or Neurotologist?".University of Maryland Medical Center.Retrieved9 January2020.
An otologist/neurotologist is a board-certified otolaryngologist who provides medical and surgical care of patients, both adult and pediatric, with diseases that affect the ears, balance system, temporal bone, skull base, and related structures of the head and neck.
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