New England League

New England League

Formerly	Eastern New England League(1885)
Sport	Minor League Baseball
Founded	1885(1885)
First season	1886(1886)
Ceased	1949(1949)
Country	United States
Most titles	6Lowell Tigers

TheNew England Leaguewas a mid-level league in Americanminor league baseballthat played intermittently in five of the sixNew Englandstates (Vermontexcepted) between 1886 and 1949. After1901,it existed in the shadow of twoMajor League Baseballclubs inBostonand alongside stronger, higher-classification leagues.

In1946,the NEL, theInternational Leagueand theCanadian–American League– which all includedfarm teamsof theBrooklyn Dodgers– were the first 20th century leagues (other than theNegro leagues) to permitAfrican-Americansto play. The following season,Jackie RobinsonandLarry Dobywould integrate the major leagues.

Early history

In 1877 a non–classified league first called the "New England League" played with theFall River Casscades,Lowell Ladies Men,Lynn Live Oaks,Manchester Redsand Rhode Islands as members.

The New England League was next called theEastern New England Leaguebeginning play in 1885 with five teams inMassachusettsandMaine.The five teams, playing an 80 game season were, Lawrence, Haverhill,Biddleford/Newburyport, Portland and Brockton, with Lawrence winning the 1885 championship. The league continued play and shortened its name after the 1885 season.

The newly named "New England League" played its first game in1886,with the same five Eastern New England League clubs in Massachusetts and Maine, plus the addition of theBoston Bluesas the sixth team. The first New England League champion was thePortlandclub. The league was inactive in 1889–1890, then resumed play from 1891 to 1915 (with the exception of 1900) under the presidency ofTim Murnane,theBoston Globesportswriter. When the minor leagues were assigned classifications in 1902, the NEL was graded Class B, at that time two levels below major league status, equivalent to Class AA today.

Disruption caused by the outlawFederal Leagueand the coming of World War I caused the loop to reorganize in1916as theEastern League,ending the NEL's most long-lived period of operation. The league attempted to revive in1919,then closed down in early August. Seven years later, the NEL returned in1926with eight clubs in the region's mill towns, but theGreat Depressiondevastated the minor leagues, and the NEL was no exception: it disbanded June 22,1930.A1933revival was followed thenext seasonby a name change to theNortheastern League– and another shutdown that would last through the 1940 baseball season.

Semi–pro league

The New England League was revived in May 1941 as a semi–pro league with eight franchises. Many players were in the military assigned to nearby bases, including some major league players (often playing under an assumed name). Football Hall of Famer, Major League umpire and NBA coachHank Soarsometimes played for Pawtucket. Pawtucket's best pitcher in 1945 was once and future major league pitcherRandy Gumpert,pitching under the alias "Ralph Wilson".

The teams in 1941 were theNew BedfordWhalers (which relocated toCranston, Rhode Islandon July 31),PawtucketSlaters,LynnFrasers,WorcesterNortons,WoonsocketMarquettes,QuincyShipbuilders,Fall River,andManchester(New Hampshire) Dexters. Pawtucket won the championship.

1942 saw seven teams take the field but one, theFitchburgBlue Sox, dropped out early in the season. Pawtucket, Lynn, Manchester, Worcester, Quincy and Woonsocket all returned and Pawtucket again won the championship in October when the best-of-7 series against Manchester was halted after five games due to poor weather. In the middle of the championship series the Slaters hosted a game against theBoston Red Soxin front of over 9,000 fans.

Pawtucket played their first game at the new Pawtucket Stadium (present-dayMcCoy Stadium) on July 5 against Lynn with over 6,000 fans in attendance.

By 1943, with thewar,the League operated with just four teams. Pawtucket, Woonsocket and Quincy were back, joined by the Providence Frigates of Cranston.

Providence, which defeated Pawtucket for the championship in 1943, changed ballparks in 1944, moving from Cranston Stadium to Municipal Stadium inCentral Falls, Rhode Island.Joining them were Pawtucket, Lynn, Woonsocket and Quincy. Lynn bested Pawtucket 3 games to 2 for the 1944 championship.

In 1945, Cranston returned to the fold joining Pawtucket and Lynn, the return of the Worcester Nortons and two new teams: the New London Diesels and theLawrence, MassachusettsbasedLawrence Millionaires.The Cranston Firesafes defeated Pawtucket for the championship, 4 games to 1.

From 1941 to 1945 the member teams regularly played exhibition matches against teams from other leagues. Major league teams, Negro league teams, famous barnstorming teams and military teams all found their way into New England League ballparks. For example, Pawtucket, with once and future major league players such asDanny MacFayden,Bob Whitcher,Ted Olsonand Ed Murphy, hosted thePhiladelphia Phillies,Boston Braves,New York Black Yankees,and in other years teams such as theHavanaAll-Stars, Boston Red Sox,New York Yankees,Boston Colored Giants,House of Davidand theBrooklyn Dodgers.

Return to professional status

In 1946 with the postwar baseball boom, the New England League was restored to an "affiliated" eight–teamClass Blevel circuit, but only half the teams had ties to a major league organization. Four of the six 1945 teams made the crossover: the Pawtucket Slaters (Boston Braves), Lynn Red Sox (Boston Red Sox), Cranston Chiefs (independent) and Lawrence Millionaires (independent). They were joined by the Manchester Giants (New York Giants), Nashua Dodgers (Brooklyn Dodgers) and two other independent teams: the Portland Gulls andFall River Indians.Its most notable member, theNashua Dodgers,was a Brooklyn farm club where, in 1946, African-American players and future Dodger greatsDon NewcombeandRoy Campanellamade their debuts as part of the handful of men who broke thebaseball color line.The players succeeded on the field and were very complimentary in remarks about their Nashua experience in later years.

In 1947 the Cranston Chiefs had a working agreement with theCincinnati Reds,and theFall River Indianshad the same arrangement with theChicago White Sox.The still independent Lawrence Millionaires cancelled their home game against Pawtucket on July 14 and became the Lowell "Stars" the following day playing in Pawtucket, wearing the uniforms of a popular semi-pro team of the same name. A name-the-team contest never panned out, and the press began calling the team the Lowell Orphans; after August 18 they became a "road" team. Following the 1947 season the franchise was moved toSpringfieldas a farm team of theChicago Cubs,and theSpringfield Cubsbecame the only New England League team to survive the 1949 season, as one of the Cubs' two Class AAA team from 1950–1953.Dewacasino168the most trusted england league match join us now before it's too late.

Nashua was the most successful member of the postwar league, winning three consecutive playoff championships from 1946-48. But by the middle of1949,it became clear that the New England League was not viable. The league began the season with eight teams, but the Providence Grays dropped out on June 20. In mid-July the New York Yankees announced they were withdrawing their support of the Manchester team, forcing the franchise to suspend operations. The unaffiliated teams in Lynn and Fall River then also announced they were suspending operations, and on July 20, 1949, the New England League closed out their "first half" with Nashua in first place, followed in order by the other surviving teams: Pawtucket, Portland and Springfield. The "second half" season of 38 games resumed with the four remaining teams and concluded with Pawtucket in first place, followed by Portland, Springfield and Nashua. Both halves combined shows Pawtucket as the best team some 10½ games above second-place Nashua. The Brooklyn Dodgers refused to allow Nashua to participate in any playoffs, wanting to pull the plug on the Nashua operation immediately, thus giving the Portland team a first-round bye in the playoffs, which saw Springfield defeat Pawtucket, 2 games to 0, then Portland taking Springfield in seven games. The league's final regular-season champ was thePawtucket Slaters,a farm club of theBoston Braves,but the Portland Pilots, aPhilliesaffiliate, won the playoffs, thus bookending the championship earned by the Maine city's entry in the NEL's maiden season 63 years earlier.

List of teams

• Attleboro, Massachusetts:Attleboro Burros(1928);Attleboro(1933)
• Augusta, Maine:Augusta Kennebecs(1895–1896);Augusta(1901)
• Bangor, Maine:Bangor Millionaires(1894–1896);Bangor(1901)
• Boston, Massachusetts:Boston Blues(1886–1887);Boston Reds(1893)
• Brockton, Massachusetts:Brockton(1886), (1892);Brockton Shoemakers(1893–1899, 1910–1913, 1928–1929);Brockton(1903);Brockton B's(1901);Brockton Tigers(1907–1909);Brockton Shoemakers(1933)
• Cambridge, Massachusetts:Cambridge(1899)
• Concord, New Hampshire:Concord Marines(1902–1905)
• Dover, Delaware:Dover(1893), (1902)
• Fall River, Massachusetts:Fall River Indians(1893–1898);Fall River Adopted Sons(1913);Fall River Brinies(1911–1912);Fall River Indians(1902–1910, 1946–1949)
• Fitchburg, Massachusetts:Fitchburg(1899);Fitchburg Burghers(1914–1915);Fitchburg Foxes(1919);Fitchburg Wanderers(1929)
• Gloucester, Massachusetts:Gloucester Hillies(1929)
• Haverhill, Massachusetts:Haverhill(1886–1887), (1894);Haverhill Hustlers(1901–1912, 1914);Haverhill Climbers(1919);Haverhill Hillies(1926–1929)
• Lawrence, Massachusetts:Lawrence/Salem(1887);Lawrence(1886, 1892, 1899):Lawrence Barristers(1911–1915);Lawrence Colts(1902–1910);Lawrence Barristers(1919);Lawrence Merry Macks(1926–1927);Lawrence Weavers(1933);Lawrence Millionaires(1946–1947)
• Lewiston, Maine:Lewiston-Auburn Gazettes(1892);Lewiston(1891, 1893–1896);Lewiston(1901);Lewiston Cupids(1914–1915);Lewiston Red Sox(1919);Lewiston–Auburn Twins(1919);Lewiston Twins(1926–1930);
• Lowell, Massachusetts:Lowell Chippies(1888);Lowell Magicians(1887);Lowell(1892–1893);Lowell Lowells(1891);Lowell Tigers(1901–1911);Lowell Grays(1912–1915, 1919);Lowell Highwaymen(1926);Lowell Millers(1929);Lowell Lauriers(1933);Lowell Orphans(1947)
• Lynn, Massachusetts:Lynn/Newburyport Clamdiggers(1886);Lynn Lions(1887);Lynn Shoemakers(1888);Lynn(1891);Lynn Fighters(1914);Lynn Live Oaks(1901);Lynn Leonardites(1911–1912);Lynn Pirates(1915);Lynn Shoemakers(1905–1910, 1913);Lynn Papooses(1926–1930);Lynn Red Sox(1946–1948);Lynn Tigers(1949)
• Manchester, New Hampshire:Manchester Farmers(1887);Manchester Maroons(1888);Manchester(1892–1893);Manchester Amoskeags(1891);Manchester Manchesters(1899);Manchester(1901–1905);Manchester Textiles(1906, 1914–1915);Manchester Blue Sox(1926–1930);Manchester Giants(1946–1947);Manchester Yankees(1948–1949)
• Nashua, New Hampshire:Nashua(1901–1905);Nashua Millionaires(1926–1927, 1929–1930);Nashua Millionaires(1933);Nashua Dodgers(1946–1949)
• New Bedford, Massachusetts:New Bedford Browns(1896);New Bedford Whalers(1895, 1897–1898, 1903–1913);New Bedford Millmen(1929);New Bedford Whalers(1933)
• Newport, Rhode Island:Newport Colts1897–1899
• Pawtucket, Rhode Island:Pawtucket(1892);Pawtucket Maroons(1894–1896);Pawtucket Phenoms(1897);Pawtucket Tigers(1898);Pawtucket Colts(1899);Pawtucket Slaters(1946–1949)
• Portland, Maine:Portland(1886–1888);Portland(1891–1896, 1901);Portland Phenoms(1899);Portland Duffs(1913–1915);Portland Blue Sox(1919);Portland Eskimos(1926–1927);Portland Mariners(1928–1930);Portland Gulls(1946);Portland Pilots(1947–1949)
• Portsmouth, New Hampshire:Portsmouth Lillies(1888)
• Providence, Rhode Island:Providence Chiefs(1946–1947);Providence Grays(1948–1949)
• Quincy, Massachusetts:Quincy Shipbuilders(1933)
• Salem, Massachusetts:Salem Fairies(1887);Salem(1891–1892)Salem Witches(1888, 1926–1928, 1930)
• Springfield, Massachusetts:Springfield Cubs(1948–1949)
• Taunton, Massachusetts:Taunton Herrings(1897–1899);Taunton Tigers(1905);Taunton Blues(1933)
• Woonsocket, Rhode Island:Woonsocket(1891–1892, 1933)
• Worcester, Massachusetts:Worcester Grays(1888);Worcester(1891, 1894, 1898);Worcester Busters(1906–1915);Worcester Chiefs(1933)

Standings & statistics

1886 to 1888

1886 New England League-schedule
President: Jacob C. Morse

Team standings	W	L	PCT	GB	Managers
Portland	66	36	.647	-	Harry Spence
Haverhill	59	38	.608	4.5	Frank Selee/Fred Doe/ John Irwin
Newburyport Clamdiggers/Lynn	53	52	.505	14.5	Dan Shannon/Ed Flanagan/ Fred Doe
Brockton	45	56	.455	20.5	Bill McGunnigle/Jim Cudworth
Lawrence	42	55	.433	21.5	Frank Cox
Boston Blues	35	63	.357	29.0	Tim Murnane/ Walt Burnham

Newburyport (35-34) moved to Lynn August 14.

Player statistics

Player	Team	Stat	Tot		Player	Team	Stat	Tot
Tom McCarthy	Brockton	BA	.330		Tom Lovett	Newburyport/Lynn	W	32
Bobby Wheelock	Portland	Runs	93		Tom Lovett	Newburyport/Lynn	SO	300
Sam LaRocque	Newburyport/Lynn	Hits	134		Tom Lovett	Newburyport/Lynn	ERA	1.27
Guerdon Whiteley	Newburyport/Lynn	HR	11		Tom Lovett	Newburyport/Lynn	Pct	.756; 31-10
Ted Scheffler	Portland	HR	11		Tug Wilson	Newburyport/Lynn	HR	11
Mike Slattery	Haverhill	SB	63

1887 New England League-schedule
President: Jacob C. Morse

Team Standings	W	L	PCT	GB	Managers
Lowell Browns	71	33	.683	-	Bill McGunnigle
Portland	68	36	.654	3.0	Harry Spence
Boston Blues/Haverhill	47	36	.566	13.5	Walt Burnham
Manchester Farmers	55	46	.545	14.5	Frank Leonard
Lawrence/Salem	45	50	.473	21.5	Pat Pettee/ Henry Putnam
Lynn Lions	40	64	.384	31.0	George Brackett / Henry Murphy
Haverhill	15	41	.268	NA	Arthur Williams /Fred Doe
Salem Fairies	10	45	.181	NA	Wallace Fessenden/Ed Flanagan/ Frank Murphy

Salem disbanded July 9; Haverhill disbanded July 11; Boston (35-18) moved to Haverhill July 11; Lawrence (29-34) moved to Salem July 26.

Player statistics

Player	Team	Stat	Tot		Player	Team	Stat	Tot
Hugh Duffy	Salem/Lowell	BA	.470		Henry Burns	Lowell	W	32
Wyman Andrus	Portland	Runs	165		Henry Burns	Lowell	SO	137
Wyman Andrus	Portland	Hits	233		Jim Devlin	Lynn	ERA	1.84
Ed Kennedy	Lowell	HR	15		Henry Burns	Lowell	Pct	.780; 32-9
Gil Hatfield	Portland	SB	141

1888 New England League-schedule
President: Edward Chesney

Team standings	W	L	PCT	GB	Managers
Lowell Chippies	51	36	.573	-	Jim Cudworth
Worcester Grays	48	40	.545	3.5	Walt Burnham
Manchester Maroons	47	50	.485	9.0	Jim Clinton/ Herbert Clough
Lynn Lions	37	26	.587	NA	George Brackett
Salem Witches	36	34	.514	NA	Wallace Fessenden
Portsmouth Lillies	12	20	.375	NA	Frank Leonard
Portland	2	18	.200	NA	Henry Myers / David Mahoney

Portland disbanded June 9 and was replaced by Portsmouth July 20; Lynn disbanded July 20; Salem disbanded August 3.

Player statistics

Player	Team	Stat	Tot		Player	Team	Stat	Tot
Ted Scheffler	Manchester	BA	.375		Alex Ferson	Lynn/Manchester	W	25
Ted Scheffler	Manchester	Runs	107		Alex Ferson	Lynn/Manchester	ERA	1.10
Ed Kennedy	Lowell	Hits	121		Alex Ferson	Lynn/Manchester	Pct	.781; 25-7
Mark Polhemus	Lowell	HR	14		Henry Burns	Lowell	SO	224

Baseball Hall of Fame alumni

• Jesse Burkett,1906-1913Worcester Busters
• Roy Campanella,1946Nashua Dodgers
• Roger Connor,1897Fall River Indians
• Hugh Duffy,1887Salem Fairies;1887Lowell Browns
• Billy Hamilton,1888Worcester Grays;1902–1904, 1906–1908Haverhill Hustlers;1909–1910Lynn Shoemakers
• Joe Kelley,1891Lowell Lowells
• Nap Lajoie,1896Fall River Indians
• Rabbit Maranville,1910–1911New Bedford Whalers
• Christy Mathewson,1899Taunton Herrings
• Frank Selee,1886Haverhill

References

• Johnson, Lloyd, and Wolff, Miles, editors:The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball.Durham, North Carolina:Baseball America,1997.
• Roper, Scott C., and Roper, Stephanie Abbot. "'We're Going to Give All We Have for this Grand Little Town': Baseball Integration and the 1946 Nashua Dodgers."Historical New Hampshire53:1/2 (Spring/Summer 1998) 3-19.
• Tygiel, Jules.Baseball's Great Experiment: Jackie Robinson and his Legacy.New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.