Newton Aycliffe

Newton Aycliffe
Town
The town centre
Newton Aycliffe Location withinCounty Durham
Population	26,415(2021)
OS grid reference	NZ2724
Civil parish	Great Aycliffe
Unitary authority	County Durham
Ceremonial county	County Durham
Region	North East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Areas of the town	List Aycliffe Village School Aycliffe Woodham
Post town	NEWTON AYCLIFFE
Postcode district	DL5
Dialling code	01325
Police	Durham
Fire	County Durham and Darlington
Ambulance	North East
UK Parliament	Newton Aycliffe and Spennymoor

Newton Aycliffeis a town inCounty Durham,England. Founded in 1947 under theNew Towns Act of 1946,the town is 5 miles (8.0 km) to the north ofDarlingtonand 10 miles (16 km) to the south ofDurham.It is the oldestnew townin the north of England.Together with the borderingAycliffe Village(to the south) and the north part ofSchool Aycliffe(to the west), it forms the civil parish of Great Aycliffe. The population of the town at the time of the2021 censuswas 26,415.

History

Anglo-Saxons

A map of Aycliffe and its surrounding areac.1611, extracted from a map of County Durham byJohn Speed.The name "Aycliffe" is rendered as "Acle". In the above, "Acle" is theoriginal village of Aycliffe,and "Scol Acle" isSchool Aycliffe( "School" in the village's name being derived from "Scula",a Viking chieftain that was granted lands in the area). The location of Newton Aycliffe is shown on the map as a forested area to the north of these two villages. (Click here for the entire map)

Prior to the Newtown development, Aycliffe (originally 'Acley') was the site of anAnglo-Saxonsettlement. The name Acley came from the Old English words: 'Ac', meaning oak, and 'ley', meaning 'a clearing'. Aycliffe was the location of a churchsynodsin AD 782 and AD 789. Another old name was 'Yacley'. The town's motto is Latin for "Not the Least, but the Greatest we seek".

Transport

On the edge of the town is theBishop AucklandtoDarlingtonrailway branch line which is part of the 1825Stockton and Darlington Railway.George Stephenson's steam locomotiveLocomotion No 1was placed on the rails close to Newton Aycliffe near to where Heighington station is.

The Great North Road (A1) passed through the town until 1969.

World War II

DuringWorld War II,Aycliffe was the site of ammunitions manufacturing. Huge grass-coveredmunitions factorieswere built and served by the nearby railway lines. The factories were largely staffed by thousands of women, dubbed the "Aycliffe Angels",who bravely took up the dangerous work.

Beveridge Report

Newton Aycliffe during its construction as a new town

The government askedWilliam Beveridgeto produce a report on what he wanted Britain to be like after the war. In 1942 he produced his report. Five giants, he said, oppressed mankind – Poverty, Disease, Homelessness, Ignorance and Unemployment. To end this once and for all, Beveridge proposed a state system of Social Security benefits, aNational Health Service,council housing, free education and full employment. He called it theWelfare State.The Welfare State was introduced across Britain in 1948. Beveridge selected an area of moorland which lay between Aycliffe andMiddridgeto be developed into what would become his flagship “new-town”. Newton Aycliffe was intended to be the very embodiment of his vision for postwar Britain. Beveridge, committed as he was to his vision for the emerging social landscape of postwar Britain, also took up residence in the Pease Way area of his flagship new town.

Industry

Newton Aycliffe Industrial Estate.

The factories were eventually replaced by manufacturing buildings which overtime became the industrial district of the town. After the war, many companies moved onto the industrial estate, includingGreat Lakes Chemicals,which retained the munitions factories until 2004 when it was closed and demolished, along with numerous factories. There were also Eaton Axles, and B.I.P., who were to become two of the largest employers of the town until the early 1980s. One other company wasUnion Carbide.Eaton Axles closed down and shipped itself toPoland;B.I.P. is now Hydro Polymers; meanwhile, Union Carbide was taken over by STC (Standard Telephone and Cables) before being taken over bySanyofor several years, but this has now closed. Businesses currently located in the town includeFlymo,3M,EbacandIneos(who have taken over Hydro Polymers) with many more small factory units. One of the largest factories in the district is Gestamp Tallent (Formerly Thyssenkrupp), which now holds 7 plants around the industrial estate. In 2015, Hitachi commenced production at their £82 million railwayrolling stockfactory at Newton Aycliffe, calledHitachi Newton Aycliffe.It employs 720 people.

Governance

Great Aycliffe Town Council
The parish coat of arms, registered in October 1956
Type
Type	Town Council
Leadership
Mayor(2023–Incumbent)	Carl Robinson
Town clerk	Dan Austin
Member of Parliament (MP) for Sedgefield	Paul Howell(conservative)
Structure
Seats	30
Independent	16 / 30
Liberal Democrats	9 / 30
Labour	5 / 30
Website
great-aycliffe.gov.uk

Great Aycliffe was once part of a widerancient parishof Aycliffe which includedBrafferton,Newton-KettonandPreston-le-Skerne.

From 1974 until 2009, Great Aycliffe was in the borough ofSedgefield,based inSpennymoor,and it was the largest town in the borough. Since April 2009, Newton Aycliffe has been governed by the Great AycliffeTown Counciland theCounty DurhamUnitary Authority.

Geography

At the 2001 census, Great Aycliffe had a population of 26,385, although in 2007 Great Aycliffe Town Council reportedthis had risen to 29,000.It is the largest town within theSedgefieldconstituency. Within a radius of 10 miles (16 km) are several towns and villages includingDarlington,Bishop Auckland,ShildonandHeighington.To the south of the town is the village of Aycliffe. Newton comes from 'New Town'.

Aycliffe Villageis near to theA1(M)junctionwith the A167 (former A1).

Woodham

Remains of the medieval village of Woodham

The original Woodham was a medieval village, although apart from a few low mound earthworks (on private land) there is no trace of this original village. It was located on the northern side of the Woodham Burn stream and to the East of the A167 that cuts through the site in a north–south direction. The village itself was said to have been 'burned by the Scots' during the English – Scottish wars of the late 13th and early 14th centuries, and appears not to have been rebuilt, although several buildings did appear in the 18th and 19th centuries, some of which still remain on both east and west sides of the A167. There appears to have been a small 18th-century stone quarry on the eastern side of this site with associated buildings, which can be seen on the original 1860 Ordnance Survey maps, however most of these buildings were demolished towards the end of the 19th century.

Afterwards the hamlet of Woodham remained relatively unchanged until the late 1970s – early 1980s, when some of its farms, such as Woodham North, Woodham South and the original Woodham Farm itself, were all demolished and their land used for new housing developments, as nearby Newton Aycliffe expanded and began to encroach on the original Woodham area.

Newton Aycliffe, in common with many of the post war "New Towns" consisted originally of mostly social / public housing, a large proportion of which is now privately owned. Woodham is the largest of a number of private housing developments that have taken place since the late 1970s, to the North of Woodham Burn; which at one time formed a natural northern boundary to the town of Newton Aycliffe.

From its start Newton Aycliffe kept expanding in size, until 1980 when the council stopped building council homes. Since then private houses and housing associations have been building the town's homes. In the early 1980s an area of private housing called Woodham Village was built on the site of what was once Woodham Farm, it was designed and developed around a community centre, church and a parade of shops overlooking a central green. The Huntsman Public house is also situated on the same central green, whilst theWoodham Golf and Country Clublies a short way to the north of the main development, on the road toRushyford.

Woodham Way is the centre of Woodham containing a row of shops including dentists, takeaways and newsagents. Woodham lies close to the town centre and the local supermarket, both within walking distance.

Recently the area has been expanded by more housing developments increasing the size of the village by a notable amount.

Economy

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

St. Clare's Church

Newton Aycliffe town centre in 2008.

The town has a large industrial estate to the south of the town, split into three.

• On the Heighington Lane Business Park,Lidlhave a main distribution centre onMillennium Way,and withRF Micro Devices,are to the south of the estate. The RFMD plant was formerly aDRAMfactory for Fujitsu until 1999, when bought by Filtronic, who then sold their semiconductor business to RFMD in 2007. The plant uses pHEMT technologies (High-electron-mobility transistor), usingGallium arsenide(GaAs) andGallium nitride(GaN). The plant makes electronicwafers.
• Aycliffe Industrial Estate
• Aycliffe Industrial Park (nearest to the town)

The Ineos plant (formerHydro PolymersPVC plant) is near the railway.

Education

Further information:List of schools in Durham

Schools in the area are

• Aycliffe School – North East Centre for Autism –Website
• Aycliffe Village Primary School –Website
• Byerley Park Primary School –Website
• Greenfield Academy–Website
• Heighington Church of England Primary School
• Horndale Infant School
• St Francis Church of England Junior School
• St Joseph's Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Primary School
• St Mary's Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Primary School –Website
• Stephenson Way Community Primary School –Website
• Sugar Hill Primary School
• Vane Road Primary School –Website
• Woodham Burn Infant School
• Woodham Burn Junior School –Website
• Walworth School Blue bell Way
• Woodham Academy–Website
• Milton and Marlow Hall's were two adjacent secondary schools which originally served the town. They merged in 1971 to create the Avenue Comprehensive. The Avenue was closed in 1992. It was later demolished and the area stood as wasteland for around ten years. The site is now occupied by aTesco Extra.

Colleges in the area are

• Thornbeck College –North East Autism Society–Website
• Bishop Auckland College –Home – Bishop Auckland College

Media

Local news and television signals are provided byBBC North East and CumbriaandITV Tyne Tees.Television signals are received from either theBilsdaleorPontop PikeTV transmitters.

Local radio stations areBBC Radio Tees,Capital North East,Heart North East,Smooth North East,Greatest Hits Radio North East,Sun FM,TFMand Aycliffe Radio, a community-based station which broadcasts from the town.

The town is served by the local newspapersThe Northern EchoandAycliffe Today,as well as theNewton News,which is the town's local community magazine.

Transport

Road

TheA167,formerly the A1, is the main road to the town, it runs to Durham andNewcastle upon Tyne(30 miles) in the north andDarlington(8 miles) and Northallerton in the south.

TheA1(M)is near to the town and runs to Edinburgh in the north and London to the south, it provides as an alternative route to Durham and Newcastle in the north. TheA689is also near the town and it runs to Bishop Auckland in the west andHartlepoolandTeessidein the east.

By bus, the town has bus services provided byArriva North Eastto Bishop Auckland, Durham, Darlington, Spennymoor,Ferryhill,PeterleeandSedgefield.Town services are provided by Hodgsons service 17.

Rail

Newton Aycliffe railway station

TheNewton Aycliffe railway station,which is on theTees Valley Line,has train services provided byNorthernto Bishop Auckland and Saltburn. There are connections to East Coast services to Edinburgh and London at Darlington, connections to Grand Central services to Northallerton, York and London at Eaglescliffe, and connections to Northern Rail services to Hartlepool, Sunderland and Newcastle at Thornaby.

Healthcare

There is one nearbyAccident and Emergencydepartment in the area –Darlington Memorial Hospital.The hospital is equipped for dealing with chest pain, shortness of breath, headaches, convulsions, diabetes and general ill health and will liaise with the regional psychiatric teams in the event of mental health cases or for referral to the West Park Mental Health Hospital. Mental Health teams operate from the Pioneering Care Centre also in the case of Child and Adolescent Mental to the new centre inBurn Lane.Darlington is well equipped for injuries such as broken bones, severe abdominal pain which may require surgery, eye conditions and maternity and baby cases. For cancer treatments a visit many miles away to theJames Cook University HospitalinMiddlesbroughis required. There are several care homes in the area such as Woodham Grange and Woodham Lodge, both of which are situated on Burn Lane.

Notable people

• Ross Turnbull,former goalkeeper
• Scott Mann,film director
• George Courtney,football referee
• Jason Steele,goalkeeper
• Lewis Wing,footballer
• Brian Atkinson,former professional footballer & manager
• Danny Mellanby,former footballer
• David Bryan,lead singer forHotel FM
• Mark Gatiss,actor, comedian, screenwriter and novelist
• Paul MagrsWriter of Doctor Who
• Vic Reeves,comedian, artist, actor and television presenter
• Harold Shipman,serial killer, lived here 1976-1978
• Howard Martin,general practitioner acquitted for murder
• Kate Avery,long-distance runner
• Darren Craddock,former footballer
• Paul Howell,MP

External links

• Great Aycliffe Town Council
• A web site dedicated to the Aycliffe Angels