Nikolai Nadezhdin
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(August 2021) |
Nikolai Nadezhdin | |
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| Born | 17 October 1804 Beloomut,Ryazan Governorate,Imperial Russia |
| Died | 23 January 1856(aged 51) Saint Petersburg,Imperial Russia |
| Occupation | Critic • ethnographer |
Nikolai Ivanovich Nadezhdin(Russian:Николай Иванович Надеждин) (17 October [O.S.5 October] 1804 – 23 January [O.S.11 January] 1856) was a Russian literary critic and Russia's firstethnographer.
Biography
[edit]Born inBeloomut,Ryazan Governorate, Nadezhdin graduated from Ryazan Seminary in 1815 and Moscow Religious Academy in 1824. From 1824 to 1826 he was a professor of literature and German at Ryazan Seminary, but he was expelled because of his interest in the classics and moved to Moscow, where he became a private tutor and began a career in literature. "Nadezhdin's conception of the classical age was itself romantic.Schellingwas the newPlotinus,Napoleonthe newCaesar,Schillerthe newVergil;and the implication was clear that the Russians were the new Christians. Nadezhdin had readGibbon'sDecline and Fall of the Roman Empire;and, in his lectures at Moscow University in the early thirties, he likened Russia to a new band of barbaric hordes swarming over the collapsing West. "[1]
"Nadezhdin was an ally of the Pushkin crowd who was also completely committed to the apparently antithetical principles of personal criticism, personal attacks, and personae. Starting with his work in the late 1820s in theHerald of Europeand moving on to his editorship of bothTelescopeand its companion publication,Rumor,Nadezhdin made his critical name not as Nadezhdin but as the "Ex-Student Nikodim Nadoumko," resident of Patriarch's Ponds, "according to Melissa Frazier.[2]
D.S. Mirskywrote:
...He began his career by publishing a series of scurrilous, though at times witty, articles against the Poets... He attacked Russian romanticism from the point of view ofSchelling's German romantic idealism, denying all ideological significance to the Russian pseudo-romanticism... In a thesis on romantic poetry submitted to theUniversity of Moscowin 1830 he advocated a synthesis of classicism and romanticism. In 1831 he started a monthly magazine, theTelescope,where he continued his policy of belittling in the light of philosophical standards the achievement of Russian literature. In 1836 the magazine was suppressed for publishingChaadaev'sPhilosophical Letter.Nadézhdin himself was exiled to the North and not till some time afterwards allowed to return to Moscow. After that he renounced literature and devoted himself exclusively to his archæological and geographical studies.[3]
In 1845 he participated in a secret commission set up byTsarNicholas Idealing with heretical currents in Russia. He contributed the volume concerning theSkoptsy.He depicts his subject matter as a dangerous brotherhood threatening to overthrow the Tsar.
Notes
[edit]- ^Billington, James H.,The Icon and the Axe,New York: Vintage Books, 1970, p. 317.
- ^Frazier, Melissa,Romantic Encounters: Writers, Readers, and the Library for Reading,Stanford University Press, 2007, p. 77.
- ^Mirsky, D.S.,A history of Russian literature,Northwestern University Press, 1999, pp. 125-26.
References
[edit]- krugosvet.ru biography(Russian)
- Brockhaus and Efron biography(Russian)
- 1804 births
- 1856 deaths
- People from Lukhovitsky District
- People from Zaraysky Uyezd
- 19th-century historians from the Russian Empire
- Journalists from the Russian Empire
- Literary critics from the Russian Empire
- Ethnographers from the Russian Empire
- 19th-century journalists
- Russian male journalists
- 19th-century male writers from the Russian Empire
- Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class