Nissan Serena
| Nissan Serena | |
|---|---|
 2018 Nissan Serena Highway Star S-Hybrid (C27, Hong Kong) | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Nissan |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 1991–present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Minivan |
| Layout |
|
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Nissan Vanette(Asia and Europe) |
| Successor | Nissan Primastar(for C23, Europe) |
TheNissan Serena(Japanese:Nhật sản ・セレナ,Hepburn:Nissan Serena)is aminivanmanufactured byNissan,joining the slightly largerVanette.The car was engineered by Nissan'sAichi Manufacturing Divisionand launched in 1991 as a compact passenger van, and it grew larger with each generation over the years. Earlier versions werefront-engine, rear-wheel-drive layoutwith alive axlemounted onleaf springs,while the following generations arefront-wheel driveor4WD.
The Serena is designed to comply withJapanese vehicle class,which means its external dimensions are restricted to 4.7 meters in length and 1.7 meters in width. It slots below the largerNissan Elgrandin Japan as a smaller, cheaper alternative. Competitors include theToyota Noah,theHonda Stepwgn,theMitsubishi Delica,and formerly, theMazda Biante.
Its name is from the Latin word"serēnus",meaning "clear, tranquil, pleasant".
The Serena was rebadged and marketed bySuzukias theSuzuki Landy(Japanese:スズキ・ランディ,Hepburn:Suzuki Randi)between 2007 and 2022.[1]The Serena based Landy was discontinued and replaced by an all-new version that is now based on theToyota Noahstarting in 2022, when the fourth generation Noah was released.
Like the larger Elgrand, a tuned, modified version of the Serena is available byAutech.
First generation (C23; 1991)
[edit]| First generation | |
|---|---|
 Nissan Serena 2.0 FX (pre-facelift, Japan) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C23 |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 1991–2001 |
| Assembly | Japan:Yokosuka, Kanagawa(Oppama Plant) Spain:Barcelona Malaysia:Kuala Lumpur |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 4-doorminivan |
| Layout | Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,735 mm (107.7 in) |
| Length | 4,355–4,380 mm (171.5–172.4 in) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,825–1,915 mm (71.9–75.4 in) |
| Curb weight |
|
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Nissan Primastar(Europe) |
Models were manufactured in Japan from 1991 onwards, and many were imported into Australasia and the United Kingdom. Nissan produced many different trim levels - FX, SX etc. Full-Auto (full-time) 4WD versions were also produced providing greater stability and better handling. The naturally aspirated 2.3 L diesel was never manufactured for the Japanese market and its seating arrangement and interior fittings are not the same as the 2.0 L petrol (SR20DE), 2.0 L dieselCD20and turbo-dieselCD20Tmodels manufactured in Japan for the local market. It was exclusive to Japanese Nissan dealerships calledNissan Bluebird Store.
Throughout its production the C23 model underwent several facelifts although the interior design and body largely remained unchanged, for example, addition of airbags and bench seats for the second and third rows. Each facelift model can be identified by front grille design which was updated in 1994 and 1997.
In European markets, the C23 Serena had 1.6 or 2.0 L petrols, or 2.3 L diesel engines LD23. Trim levels were LX, SLX, SGX and SGXi.Auto Expressonce named the Serena as the slowest passenger car in the benchmark 0-60 mph (now 62 mph) test, with the 2.3 L diesel version (added in the mid 1990s) taking 27.8 seconds to reach that speed.
Until around 2002, the standard petrol engine was anSR20DE.A variety of other engines were used over the years, includingdieselsspecifically theCD20(for the commercial van version),CD20T1,973 cc Diesel Turbo, and theCD20ET.
-
Nissan Serena Cargo VX (Japan) -
Nissan Serena 1.6i FGX (first facelift, Indonesia) -
Nissan Serena (first facelift, Indonesia) -
Nissan Serena (first facelift, Indonesia)
- Serena Highway Star
-
Nissan Serena Highway Star (second facelift, Japan) -
Nissan Serena Highway Star (second facelift, Japan)
Europe
[edit]TheNissan Vanettewas a series of small vans manufactured inSpainby Nissan alongside the European market Serena models. The van was produced in two versions, the Vanette E, which shared the basic body shell with the Nissan Serena people carrier, differing only in not having rear windows and passenger seats, and the Vanette Cargo, which was longer and had a higher roof line from behind the front seats.
In June 1998,LDV Groupentered into an agreement with Nissan to sell a rebranded version of the Vanette Cargo.[2]This was named the LDV Cub and was sold alongside the Vanette in Britain. The model was discontinued in 2001 and replaced by a rebadged version of theRenault Traficcalled the Nissan Primastar, which is produced inLuton,England andBarcelona,Spain.
-
Nissan Serena (facelift, Germany) -
Nissan Serena (facelift, Germany) -
Nissan Vanette Cargo (pre-facelift) -
Nissan Vanette Cargo (pre-facelift) -
Nissan Vanette E (facelift) -
LDV Cub -
LDV Cub rear
Reputation
[edit]The Nissan Serena Mk1 is said to have animageproblem by some, in particularFifth GearpresenterQuentin Willson,who remarked in a 1997Top Gearepisode that"...the Nissan Serena was about as seductive as askipand as desirable as an old shoe. "
By 2000, the Nissan Serena was described as the worst new car sale on Britain, byTop Gear'sBuyers Guide,with "absolutely nothing to recommend it for".
Although the Nissan Serena handles better than most people expect it to (due to its mid-mounted engine), its power-to-weight ratio is particularly poor, as shown by the 0–100 km/h averages listed below. For those wanting performance cars, the only models with marginally acceptable acceleration are powered by the SR20DE engine, but all models are acceptable for the target family-car user, as shown by sales figures.
Nissan Largo
[edit]Largowas the model name used for a Nissan passenger van based on the C23 Serena between 1992 and 1998. Unlike the previous Largo, which was essentially a widened C22Nissan Vanette,the W30 Largo was a totally rebodied, wider Serena with more equipment such as four-wheel-drive. It was exclusive toNissan Satio Storelocations as a large load carrying vehicle next to theSunny.The Largo was available with either a 2.4-litre petrol or a 2.0-litre turbo-diesel, both mid engined (under the front seats).
-
W30 Nissan Largo (pre-facelift) -
W30 Nissan Largo SX-G Plus (facelift) -
W30 Nissan Largo (facelift) -
W30 Nissan Largo Highway Star (facelift) -
W30 Nissan Largo Highway Star Touring -
W30 Nissan Largo Highway Star Touring
Second generation (C24; 1999)
[edit]| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C24 |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 1999–2005 (Japan) 2001–2012 (Taiwan) 2001–2012 (Malaysia, Philippines) 2004–2012 (Indonesia) 2007–present (China) |
| Assembly | Japan:Yokosuka, Kanagawa(Oppama Plant) China:Zhengzhou, Henan(Zhengzhou Nissan) Indonesia:Purwakarta(Nissan Motor Indonesia)[3] Malaysia:Kuala Lumpur(TCMA) Philippines:Manila(2002–2003) Santa Rosa City(2003–September 2012) Taiwan:Miaoli |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorminivan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive |
| Platform | Nissan MS platform |
| Related | Dongfeng Yumsun ZNA Succe |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,695 mm (106.1 in) |
| Length | 4,590 mm (180.7 in) 4,731 mm (186.3 in) (Taiwan) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,825 mm (71.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,580 kg (3,483 lb) |
The second-generation Serena was launched in Japan in June 1999, ditched therear-wheel drivelayout in favour offront-wheel driveconstruction. These versions had a facelift with a wider variety of engines and colours. From December 2001 onwards (the time of the facelift) the Serena used theQR20DEandQR25DE.The pre-facelift C24 Serenas all have a 2.0 L engine, with the optional 2.5 L engine becoming available from 2002. With the partnership between Nissan and Renault having been implemented, Nissan MPVs were withdrawn from Europe where Renault products, like theRenault EspaceandRenault Scénicwere sold and better accepted.
Indonesian-market cars use the 2.0 LQR20DEinline-fourpetrolengine. The trims available in Indonesia are Comfort Touring, Highway Star, andAutech.The Comfort Touring trim-level does not come equipped with electric sliding door and reverse camera, while the Highway Star and theAutechdo.[4]The C24 Serena was also manufactured byEdaran Tan Chong Motor Sdn BhdinKuala Lumpur,Malaysia.[5]
-
Japanese-market Serena pre-facelift rear -
Japanese-market Serena post-facelift -
Japanese-market Serena post-facelift rear -
Japanese-market Serena High Roof post-facelift rear
- Serena Highway Star
-
Japanese-market Serena Highway Star pre-facelift -
Japanese-market Serena Highway Star post-facelift
- Serena Rider
-
Japanese-market Serena Rider pre-facelift -
Japanese-market Serena Rider pre-facelift rear -
Japanese-market Serena Rider post-facelift -
Japanese-market Serena Rider post-facelift rear
Taiwanese version
[edit]In Taiwan, a lengthened version of the Serena C24 has been manufactured byYulonunder the Nissan label. The Taiwanese Serena is 141 mm (5.6 in) longer than the original, all behind the C-pillar. The Taiwanese version was in production until 2012 and only available with the 160 PS (118 kW) 2.5-literQR25DEengine joined to a 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic.[6]
-
Taiwanese-market Serena pre-facelift -
Taiwanese-market Serena pre-facelift -
Taiwanese-market Serena post-facelift -
Taiwanese-market Serena post-facelift
Chinese version
[edit]In thePeople's Republic of China,the Serena Mk. II was sold byZhengzhou Nissan Automobilein the form of the Taiwanese Yulon version while being rebadged to Yuxuan or Yumsun under the Dongfeng brand.
-
Dongfeng Yuxuan (Yumsun) -
Dongfeng Yuxuan rear
Another restyled, rebadged, and renamed version called theDongfeng Succeand is also produced by their subsidiaryZhengzhou Nissan Automobile.[7]
-
Dongfeng Succe pre-facelift -
2012 Dongfeng ZNA Succe 1.6 pre-facelift -
Chinese-market Dongfeng Succe post-facelift -
Chinese-market Dongfeng Succe post-facelift
Third generation (C25; 2005)
[edit]| Third generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C25 |
| Also called | Suzuki Landy |
| Production | 2005–2010 |
| Assembly | Japan:Hiratsuka, Kanagawa(Nissan Shatai) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorminivan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 2.0 LMR20DEDII4 |
| Transmission | Xtronic CVT |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,860 mm (112.6 in) |
| Length | 4,650–4,725 mm (183.1–186.0 in) |
| Width | 1,695–1,725 mm (66.7–67.9 in) |
| Height | 1,840–1,850 mm (72.4–72.8 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,610–1,700 kg (3,549–3,748 lb) |
The third generation debuted in Japan in May 2005.[8]This model was officially sold in Japan and Hong Kong, and also sold through parallel imports in Singapore, Indonesia and Brunei.
In 2007, 2008 and 2009, the Serena C25 was the best sellingminivanin Japan.
This model was also sold as the Suzuki Landy in Japan, a practice that is continued with the fourth and fifth generation Serena.
The third generation was discontinued in Japan in late 2010 and in Hong Kong in 2011.
Gallery
[edit]-
Nissan Serena C25 pre-facelift rear -
Nissan Serena C25 20RS/RX pre-facelift -
Nissan Serena C25 Highway Star pre-facelift -
Nissan Serena C25 post-facelift -
Nissan Serena C25 post-facelift rear -
Nissan Serena C25 Highway Star post-facelift -
Nissan Serena C25 Highway Star post-facelift rear -
Suzuki Landy pre-facelift -
Suzuki Landy post-facelift -
Nissan Serena interior
Fourth generation (C26; 2010)
[edit]| Fourth generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C26 |
| Also called | Suzuki Landy[9] |
| Production | 2010–2016 (Japan) 2012–2019 (Indonesia) 2014–2018 (Malaysia) |
| Assembly | Japan:Kanda, Fukuoka(Nissan Motor Kyushu) Indonesia:Purwakarta(NMI) Malaysia:Serendah(TCMA) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorminivan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 2.0 LMR20DDDII4 2.0 LMR20DD S-HybridDI I4 |
| Transmission | Xtronic CVT |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,860 mm (112.6 in) |
| Length | 4,685–4,770 mm (184.4–187.8 in) |
| Width | 1,695–1,735 mm (66.7–68.3 in) |
| Height | 1,865–1,875 mm (73.4–73.8 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,600–1,720 kg (3,527–3,792 lb) |
The 2011 Nissan Serena was released in late November 2010 to the Japanese market, equipped with a new 2.0-litre MR20DD direct injectioninline-fourgasoline engine.[10]This model was sold in Japan, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Indonesia.[11]
In August 2012, Nissan added their newly developed simple hybrid system calledSmart Simple HybridorS-HYBRID.The Nissan Serena C26 S-HYBRID has its regeneration capacity and output power of theEco Motor,which is an alternator that is used for Nissan's Serena having an idling stop mechanism and capable of restarting an engine, upgraded. Nissan added a lead sub-battery in the engine room for extended energy regeneration capacity.[citation needed]The Serena has a fuel economy of 15.2 km/L (approx 35.8 mpg) under theJC08 test mode.[12]
In Indonesia, the C26 Serena was locally assembled and went on sale in January 2013. The Autech version of the Highway Star trim was added in September 2013. The facelift version of the C26 Serena was launched on 13 March 2015.
In Malaysia, Tan Chong launched Nissan Serena S-Hybrid in July 2013 being fully imported from Japan and only available in one trim level: Highway Star.[13][14]In November 2014, the facelift version was launched, being locally assembled in Malaysia and available in two trim levels: Highway Star and Premium Highway Star.[15][16]In July 2016, Impul versions were made available.[17]
Gallery
[edit]-
Nissan Serena C26 pre-facelift rear -
Nissan Serena Highway Star pre-facelift -
Nissan Serena Highway Star pre-facelift rear -
Nissan Serena S-Hybrid post-facelift -
Nissan Serena S-Hybrid post-facelift rear -
Nissan Serena Highway Star S-Hybrid post-facelift -
Suzuki Landy pre-facelift -
Nissan Serena interior
Fifth generation (C27; 2016)
[edit]| Fifth generation | |
|---|---|
 2016 Nissan Serena X (C27; pre-facelift, Hong Kong) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C27 |
| Also called | Suzuki Landy |
| Production | 2016–2022 2018–present (Malaysia) 2024–present (Thailand) |
| Assembly | Japan:Kanda, Fukuoka(Nissan Motor Kyushu) Malaysia:Serendah(TCMA) |
| Designer | Kensuke Sugimatsu (facelift)[18][19] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorminivan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1.2 LHR12DEEFII3(generator only; e-Power Hybrid) 2.0 LMR20DDDII4(MHEV; S-Hybrid) |
| Electric motor | 2x EM57 High Power 96 kW (129 hp), 254 N⋅m (187 lb⋅ft) ACSynchronous electric motor(Serena e-Power) |
| Transmission | Xtronic CVT |
| Hybrid drivetrain | Mild hybrid(Serena S-Hybrid) Series hybrid(Serena e-Power) |
| Battery | ‹See Tfd›1.57 kWhlithium-ion(Serena e-Power) |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,860 mm (112.6 in) |
| Length | 4,685–4,770 mm (184.4–187.8 in) |
| Width | 1,695–1,740 mm (66.7–68.5 in) |
| Height | 1,865 mm (73.4 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,710 kg (3,770 lb) |
Nissan unveiled the fifth generation Serena on 6 July 2016, and sales began in Japan on 24 August 2016. The all-new Serena received theProPilot technology,which doeslane centering.The system is designed for highway use, and will only be used in single-lane traffic as a means to keep a car between the lines of a lane on the highway. Nissan's system is operational at speeds between 30 km/h (19 mph) and 100 km/h (62 mph), and is designed to hold the vehicle in the middle of a lane by reading markers and controlling steering. Propilot can follow curves, and it automatically controls the distance between the vehicle ahead.[20]
The Serena e-Power went on sale in February 2018. It is aseries hybridwith noplug-incapability powered by the HR12DEstraight-three engine.
The C27 Serena debuted in Hong Kong in 2017.[citation needed]
In Malaysia, the C27 Nissan Serena S-Hybrid was launched on 14 May 2018 as a 7-seater locally assembled MPV and available in two trim levels: Highway Star and Premium Highway Star.[21]
In Singapore, an e-Power powered C27 Nissan Serena was displayed during the 2019 Singapore Motor Show.[22]
In Indonesia, the C27 Serena was launched on 19 February 2019 and is fully imported from Japan.[23]
-
2016 Nissan Serena X (C27; pre-facelift, Hong Kong) -
2016 Nissan Serena Highway Star VIP (C27; pre-facelift, Hong Kong) -
2016 Nissan Serena Highway Star VIP (C27; pre-facelift, Hong Kong) -
Nissan Serena interior
Facelift
[edit]The C27 Serena received a facelift in Japan on 1 August 2019 with redesigned front grille, front and rear bumpers, and omnidirectional driving support.[24][25]
In Malaysia, the facelifted C27 Serena S-Hybrid was launched on 6 July 2022.[26]
In Thailand, the facelifted C27 Serena S-Hybrid was launched on 28 November 2024.[27]
-
2019 Nissan Serena XV (GFC27; facelift, Japan) -
2021 Nissan Serena e-Power XV Aero (GFC27; facelift, Japan) -
2019 Nissan Serena e-Power Highway Star V (HFC27; facelift, Hong Kong)
Specifications
[edit]Engines
[edit]| Model | Years | Type | Power, torque@rpm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serena 2WD (5AA-GC27, 5AA-GFC27) | 2018- | 1997cc I4 (Nissan MR20DD) | 110 kW (150 PS; 148 hp) at 6000rpm, 200 N⋅m (147.5 lb⋅ft; 20.4 kg⋅m) at 4400rpm |
| Serena 4WD (5AA-GNC27, 5AA-GFNC27) | AC synchronous motor (Nissan SM24) | 1.9 kW (2.6 PS; 2.5 hp), 4.8 N⋅m (3.5 lb⋅ft; 0.5 kg⋅m) | |
| Serena e-POWER 2WD (6AA-HC27, 6AA-HFC27) | 2018- | 1198cc I3 (Nissan HR12DE) | 62 kW (84 PS; 83 hp) at 6000rpm, 103 N⋅m (76 lb⋅ft; 11 kg⋅m) at 3200-5200rpm |
| AC synchronous motor (Nissan EM57) | fixed output: 70 kW (95 PS; 94 hp), 320 N⋅m (236.0 lb⋅ft; 32.6 kg⋅m) maximum output: 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp), 320 N⋅m (236.0 lb⋅ft; 32.6 kg⋅m) |
Transmission
[edit]| Model | Years | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Serena 2WD (5AA-GC27, 5AA-GFC27) | 2018- | Xtronic CVT |
| Serena 4WD (5AA-GNC27, 5AA-GFNC27) | ||
| Serena e-POWER 2WD (6AA-HC27, 6AA-HFC27) | 2018- | Single Speed Planetary Gear |
Sixth generation (C28; 2022)
[edit]| Sixth generation | |
|---|---|
 2022 Nissan Serena e-Power XV (GC28, Japan) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C28 |
| Production | November 2022 – present |
| Assembly | Japan:Kanda, Fukuoka(Nissan Motor Kyushu) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Layout | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Electric motor | EM57ACsynchronous(1.4 L e-Power hybrid) |
| Power output |
|
| Transmission |
|
| Hybrid drivetrain | Series(e-Power) |
| Battery | Lithium-ion |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,870 mm (113.0 in) |
| Length | 4,690–4,765 mm (184.6–187.6 in) |
| Width | 1,695–1,715 mm (66.7–67.5 in) |
| Height | 1,870–1,895 mm (73.6–74.6 in) |
| Kerb weight | 1,670–1,850 kg (3,681.7–4,078.6 lb) |
The sixth-generation Serena was unveiled on 28 November 2022.[30]
-
2022 Nissan Serena e-Power XV (GC28, Japan) -
2022 Nissan Serena e-Power Luxion (GFC28, Japan) -
2022 Nissan Serena e-Power Autech (GFC28, Japan) -
Interior
Markets
[edit]Japan
[edit]For the Japanese market, it is available in X, XV, Highway Star V and Luxion grade levels. The first three grades are available with either petrol or e-Power and have 7-and 8-seater capacity, while the latter is only offered with e-Power and has 7-seater capacity.[31]Since September 2024, optional “e-4ORCE” four-wheel-drive option became available for the e-Power X, XV and Highway Star V grades.
Singapore
[edit]The sixth generation Serena was launched in Singapore on 13 May 2024. It is only offered with e-Power petrol hybrid, with either Premium 8-seater variant and Highway Star Prestige 7-seater variants.[32]
Indonesia
[edit]The sixth-generation Serena went on sale in Indonesia on July 2024 at the31th Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show,[33]after being first previewed by the Japanese market Luxion model that was showcased in August 2023 at theprevious year's GIIAS.[34]For the sixth-generation, the Indonesian market Serena is only available with the e-Power series hybrid powertrain. The vehicle is offered with a single variant returning from the previous generation: Highway Star.[35]
Awards
[edit]Nissan Serena won Technology Award at 2023-2024 Japan car of the year. Nissan has announced that the Serena minivan has been awarded the Technology Car of the Year at the 2023-2024 Japan Car of the Year awards.[36]
Sales
[edit]| Year | Japan[37] | Indonesia[38] | Malaysia[39] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 45,177 | ||
| 2000 | 64,093 | 1,682 | |
| 2001 | 54,220 | 1,292 | |
| 2002 | 60,492 | 660 | |
| 2003 | 47,400 | 387 | |
| 2004 | 40,760 | 362 | |
| 2005 | 69,973 | 1,749 | 1,048 |
| 2006 | 80,901 | 779 | 634 |
| 2007 | 77,544 | 1,279 | 434 |
| 2008 | 72,927 | 1,710 | 422 |
| 2009 | 78,836 | 2,116 | 320 |
| 2010 | 75,040 | 3,166 | 449 |
| 2011 | 84,359 | 2,175 | 361 |
| 2012 | 96,020 | 2,304 | 347 |
| 2013 | 96,407 | 4,008 | 2,163 |
| 2014 | 76,909 | 1,712 | 2,429 |
| 2015 | 61,796 | 1,661 | 2,652 |
| 2016 | 73,502 | 0 | 2,706 |
| 2017 | 84,433 | 1,305 | 2,722 |
| 2018 | 99,865 | 572 | 5,846 |
| 2019 | 92,956 | 964 | 5,740 |
| 2020 | 68,648 | 577 | 4,663 |
| 2021 | 58,954 | 74 | 2,554 |
| 2022 | 57,513 | 333 | 3,250 |
| 2023 | 75,673 | 428 |
References
[edit]- ^"ランディ｜スズキ".suzuki.co.jp.Suzuki Motor Corporation.27 January 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 13 January 2021.Retrieved29 March2021.
- ^"LDV to launch own version of Nissan Cargo one-tonne van".FleetNews UK.Bauer Consumer Media Ltd. 24 June 1998.Retrieved27 September2015.
- ^"Nissan Evalia akan Diproduksi di Indonesia"[Nissan to manufacture the Evalia in Indonesia] (in Indonesian). tempo.co. 5 April 2012. Archived fromthe originalon 16 January 2013.Retrieved6 September2012.
- ^"Perbedaan Nissan Serena High Way Star (HWS) dan Nissan Serena City Touring (CT)"[Differences between the Nissan Serena High Way Star (HWS) and the Nissan Serena City Touring (CT)].autonetrentcar(in Indonesian). autonetrentcar.com. April 2012.Retrieved6 September2012.
- ^"Nissan In Malaysia".car-cat.Car-cat.com. Archived fromthe originalon 2 May 2012.Retrieved25 July2010.
- ^"Nissan Serena"(in Chinese). Taiwan: Dụ long nhật sản khí xa (Yulon Nissan).Retrieved6 September2012.
- ^"Official Dongfeng Yumsun website".Zznissan-yumsun.Zznissan-yumsun.com.cn. Archived fromthe originalon 6 December 2010.Retrieved26 September2010.
- ^"NISSAN RELEASES NEW SERENA -Also releases Rider series and LV series models-".30 May 2005.
- ^"New Suzuki Landy unveiled, based on Nissan Serena - paultan.org".16 December 2016.
- ^"Nissan Releases All-New Serena Minivan".7 November 2010.
- ^"Nissan Serena Terbaru Resmi Diluncurkan".detik.com.detikOto.Retrieved9 February2013.
- ^Tsuruhara, Yoshiro (20 July 2012)."Nissan Mounts Simple Hybrid System in New Minivan".Tech-On!.Nikkei Business Publications Inc.
- ^"Nissan Serena S-Hybrid MPV launched in Malaysia - RM149,500".Paul Tan's Automotive News.23 July 2013.Retrieved14 April2018.
- ^Kon (23 July 2013)."Nissan Serena S-Hybrid launched in Malaysia - Autoworld.com.my".Autoworld.com.my.Retrieved14 April2018.
- ^"Nissan Serena S-Hybrid facelift debuts – CKD, RM139k".Paul Tan's Automotive News.4 November 2014.Retrieved14 April2018.
- ^Kon (4 November 2014)."Nissan Serena S-Hybrid CKD launched - Autoworld.com.my".Autoworld.com.my.Retrieved14 April2018.
- ^"Nissan Serena S-Hybrid Tuned by Impul launched in Malaysia - two variants, RM146k and RM156k".Paul Tan's Automotive News.1 July 2016.Retrieved14 April2018.
- ^"A00201903743".DGIP.go.id.Pangkalan Data Kekayaan Intelektual. 13 August 2020.Retrieved25 January2022.
- ^"A00201903742".DGIP.go.id.Pangkalan Data Kekayaan Intelektual. 13 August 2020.Retrieved25 January2022.
- ^Toma, Sebastian (13 July 2016)."Nissan Introduces Japan' First Autonomous Drive Feature On Serena Minivan".autoevolution.Retrieved24 June2019.
- ^"2018 Nissan Serena S-Hybrid launched in Malaysia, from RM136k".Paul Tan's Automotive News.14 May 2018.Retrieved14 May2018.
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【2022 niên 12 nguyệt フルモデルチェンジ】 nhật sản セレナC28 hình の ngoại trang ・ nội trang の tình báo
External links
[edit]- Nissan page:Japan,Hong Kong (e-Power),Singapore (e-Power)
Media related toNissan Serenaat Wikimedia Commons- Media related toLDV Cubat Wikimedia Commons
