Oda Nobukatsu
Oda Nobukatsu | |
|---|---|
Chức điền tín hùng | |
 | |
| Daimyōof Uda-Matsuyama | |
| In office 1615–1630 | |
| Preceded by | Fukushima Takaharu |
| Succeeded by | Oda Takanaga |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1558 |
| Died | June 10, 1630(aged 71–72) |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Spouse | Kitabatake Tomonori's daughter |
| Parents |
|
| Nickname | "Oda Nobuo" |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Oda clan Toyotomi clan Tokugawa shogunate |
| Unit | Kitabatake clan |
| Battles/wars | Tenshō Iga War Battle of Shizugatake Battle of Komaki and Nagakute Siege of Odawara Korean Campaign Siege of Osaka |
Oda Nobukatsu(Chức điền tín hùng,1558 – June 10, 1630)also known asKitabatake Tomotoyowas a Japanesesamuraiof theAzuchi–Momoyama period.He was the second son ofOda Nobunaga.He was adopted as the head of theKitabatake clanfromIse Province.He survived the decline of theOda clanfrom political prominence, becoming adaimyōin the earlyEdo period.Though often described as an incompetent general, Nobukatsu was a skilled warrior. In thebattle of Komaki and Nagakute,he used a 13th-centurytachiof the Fukuoka Ichimonji school, to slay a samurai known asOkada Sukesaburō,therefore the blade was known as "Okada-giri Yoshifusa", now a national treasure.
Biography
[edit]In 1570, Nobukatsu became an adopted heir of theKitabatake clanand married a daughter of the former lord of Kitabatake,Tomonori.The true nature of this marriage was a condition of truce forced by the Oda clan to the Kitabatake clan.
In 1575, Nobukatsu officially became the head of the family. The next year, he killed his father-in-law, imprisoned the previous lord, who was his father by adoption, and completely took over the Kitabatake clan.
In 1579, eager to achieve fame, Nobukatsu directed a firstinvasion of Iga,Iga Province,which only ended in disastrous failure and severe rebuke from his father.
Two years later in 1581, Nobunaga himself led the second invasion with an army of several ten thousand, destroyed the whole region and placing control ofIga provincein Nobukatsu's hands.[1][2]
Death of Nobunaga
[edit]When Nobunaga and his heir,Nobutada,died at theHonnō-ji incidentin 1582, problems arose about who would succeed the lordship ofOda clan.When Nobukatsu and his younger brother,Nobutaka,quarreled over the matter, a council decided on the infant son of Nobutada,Oda Hidenobu.The opinion ofToyotomi Hideyoshiwas most influential on this decision.[3]
At this point, Nobukatsu changed his surname back to Oda. He succeeded his father as lord ofOwari,MinoandIse Provinces.
Decline of Nobukatsu
[edit]
In 1583, during the succeeding chaotic years, Nobukatsu joined with Hideyoshi to destroyOda Nobutaka.[3]: 313 However, soon their relationship became hostile too, and Nobukatsu allied withTokugawa Ieyasuto fight Hideyoshi in theBattle of Komaki and Nagakutein 1584. After more than a half year of battles, Hideyoshi persuaded Nobukatsu to make peace, offering him the security of the dominion. Nobukatsu took this offer and practically became a retainer of Hideyoshi.
Later in 1590, when he served at theOdawara Campaign,he refused to accept Hideyoshi's order to change his dominion, and later he not only lost his original domain but was also forced to become a monk under the supervision of some Toyotomi retainers. A few years later, Hideyoshi's anger eased and Nobukatsu regained some land to rule.
In 1598, he became the guardian ofToyotomi Hideyoriafter Hideyoshi's death.
However in 1615, he betrayed theToyotomi clanat theSiege of Osaka,and surrendered toTokugawa Ieyasu.As a result, he was permitted to remain adaimyōby the Tokugawa shogunate. Though he is often described as an incompetent general, he managed to survive the series of upheavals.
After the establishment of theTokugawa shogunate,he became the lord of theUda-Matsuyama DomaininYamato Province(modern-dayNara Prefecture), and comfortably lived the rest of his life.
Family
[edit]- Father:Oda Nobunaga(1534–1582)
- Adopted Father:Kitabatake Tomonori
- Brothers:
- Oda Nobutada(1557–1582)
- Oda Nobutaka(1558–1583)
- Hashiba Hidekatsu(1567–1585)
- Oda Katsunaga(1568–1582)
- Oda Nobuhide(1571–1597)
- Oda Nobutaka(1576–1602)
- Oda Nobuyoshi(1573–1615)
- Oda Nobusada(1574–1624)
- Oda Nobuyoshi(died 1609)
- Oda Nagatsugu(died 1600)
- Oda Nobumasa(1554–1647)
- Sisters:
- Children:
- Oda Hidekatsu
- O-hime(1585-1591), marriedTokugawa Hidetada
- Okani
- Oda Takao
- Oda Nobuyoshi (1584-1626)
- Oda Takanaga (1590-1674)
- Oda Nobutame (died 1666)
- Oda Yoshio (died 1651)
- Oda Nagao
- Gyokuyūin (Yae-hime, wife of Hjikata Katsutaka)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Ōta (2011), p. 413-415
- ^Nishigaki, Matsushima (1975), p. 104
- ^abSansom, George (1961).A History of Japan, 1334-1615.Stanford: Stanford University Press. p.311.ISBN0804705259.
- (in Japanese)Japanese Wiki article on Nobukatsu(18 Sept. 2007)