Off spin

Animation of a typical off spin delivery, bowled fromover the wicket.

Off spinis a type ofspin bowlingincricket.A bowler who uses this technique is called anoff spinner.Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and afinger spinaction. Their normaldeliveryis called anoff break,which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on thepitch.For a right-handedbatsman,the ball breaks towards them from theoff side,hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting theline and lengthof the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed,lengthand flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the mostwicketsin the history of bothTest matchesandODIs,Muttiah Muralitharan,was an off spinner.

History

Although rare now, in the past there were bowlers who used the off-break action who deliberately did not impart any considerable spin on the ball but relied on line and length (or even speed variations) to frustrate batsmen. They endeavoured to pitch the ball in an area that the batsman was unable to play a scoring shot, even making last moment adjustments to "follow" a batsman should they move within the crease to negate the bowlers tactics. Whilst this is primarily a defensive style, wickets were achieved by forcing a batsman to make a rash stroke or even bowling at the stumps instead of the retreating batsman. Another wicket taking method was to impart more spin on the ball than usual, and surprise the batsman. An exponent of this style of bowling was "Flat"Jack Simmonswho played for Lancashire and Tasmania in the 1970s and 1980s. With the advent of limited overs cricket promoting more adventurous batting styles and the use of ever heavier bats this style of bowling has declined, although some off-spinners will still use this tactic when the pitch is offering very little or noturn.It is a tactic often used byKane Williamsonwhen he bowls occasionally in limited overs format because his bowling style tends to be flatter and faster.

Comparison with other types of spin bowling

Nathan Lyonbowling off spin

Off spin contrasts withleg spin,in which the ball spins from leg to off and which is bowled with a very different action (wrist spin).Off spin is generally considered less difficult to play than leg spin, as off breaks typically spin less thanleg breaks,and do not generally possess the same loopy, potentially deceptive flight. In addition, off spinners tend to have a smaller repertoire of deliveries to choose from. For a right-handed batsman, the ball moves in towards the batsman's body, meaning the batsman's legs are usually in the path of the ball if it misses the bat or takes an edge. This makes it difficult for the bowler to get the batsman out bowled or caught from an off break, but it does mean there is a chance ofleg before wicket,assuming the ball has not turned enough to miss the legstump.However, the off spinner often bowls faster and more accurately than a leg spinner, and can therefore deceive the batsman with changes in the pace of the ball. A left-handed batsman has more difficulty facing off break bowling, because the ball moves away from his body. This means that any miscalculation can more easily result in an outside edge off the bat and a catch going to thewicket-keeperorslipsfielders.

Aleft-handedbowlerwho bowls with the same (finger spin) action as an off spinner is known as aleft-arm orthodox spinbowler. While the orthodox spinner has the same action as an off-spinner, the ball itself spins in the opposite direction (akin to a right arm leg spinner).Such a ball is not normally called an off break, but aleft-arm orthodox spinner.

Terminology

Off spin:Sometimes the term off spin is used to mean the off break delivery.At other times the term off spin has a wider meaning, to include all deliveries bowled by an off spinner, including non-off break deliveries.

Off spinner:The term off spinner can be used to mean either the bowleror the off break delivery.

Offie:The term offie can also be used to mean either the bowleror the off break delivery.

Technique

An off break is bowled by holding thecricket ballin the palm of the hand with the seam running across under all the fingers.As the ball is released, the fingers roll down the right side of the ball (for a right-handed bowler), giving the ball a clockwise spin as seen from behind.

Notable off spinners

Notable off spinners include:

• Muttiah MuralitharanofSri Lanka,who has the most wickets in both ODIs and Test matches,
• E. A. S. PrasannaandSrinivas Venkataraghavan,two of the legendaryIndian spin quartet
• Harbhajan SinghofIndia
• Saqlain MushtaqandSaeed Ajmalof Pakistan.Saqlain Mushtaqwas credited with the invention of the "doosra",which is bowled with a similar-looking action to the off break but spins the opposite way, just as the leg spinner'sgooglyturns the opposite way from his stock ball.
• Jim LakerandGraeme Swannof England
• Nathan Lyonof Australia.
• Tim Mayof Australia. He played 24 tests as well as being the Chief Executive of theAustralian Cricketers' Associationand later theFederation of International Cricketers' Associations.
• Ajantha Mendis:inventor of the carrom ball
• Lance Gibbs:first spinner to pass 300 wickets
• Ravichandran Ashwinof India. Fastest Bowler to reach 250, 300 and 350 wickets in test cricket.

and more...

Other deliveries bowled by off spin bowlers

Another common weapon of the off spinner is thearm ball,which does not spin but goes straight on "with the arm".More skilled offspinners also have thetopspinner.

See also

• Cricket terminology
• Arm ball
• Doosra
• Leg break

External links

• The Complete Guide to Bowling Off Spin - teamtechnology
• Off Spin Basics video - wisdomtalkies
• Off Spin Bowling - cricketcoachingblogArchived2020-02-16 at theWayback Machine