Ōkaihau

Ōkaihau
Town
Coordinates:35.321°S 173.771°E/-35.321; 173.771
Country	New Zealand
Region	Northland Region
District	Far North District
Ward	Kaikohe/Hokianga
Electorates	Northland Te Tai Tokerau
Government
• Territorial Authority	Far North District Council
• Regional council	Northland Regional Council
Area
• Total	3.56 km2(1.37 sq mi)
Population (June 2023)
• Total	370
• Density	100/km2(270/sq mi)

Ōkaihauis a small town in theNorthland Regionof New Zealand'sNorth Island,just north ofKaikohe.State Highway 1passes through Ōkaihau making it fairly busy. Ōkaihau has a primary school (Ōkaihau Primary School) and a secondary school (Okaihau College).

The New ZealandMinistry for Culture and Heritagegives a translation of "place of feast of the winds" forŌkaihau.

History

Ōkaihau was aMāorivillage when the settlers arrived on the ridge which stands betweenLake Ōmāpereand theHokiangaharbour.It was the northernmost point for the railway. Ōkaihau was very busy during early to mid 20th century, but the removal of the railway stopped the business and tourist flow.

Transport

Okaihau Rail Tunnel built 1926

On 29 October 1923, abranch linerailwaywas opened to Ōkaihau from the junction with theNorth Auckland LineatOtiria.Work on an extension of the line beyond Ōkaihau to theHokianga HarbourandKaitaiaproceeded slowly, and in 1936, the line was essentially complete toRangiahua.However, it was decided that construction beyond Rangiahua would be excessively expensive and the steep section from Ōkaihau to Rangiahua was seen as unnecessary and accordingly removed. The railway line thus became known as theOkaihau Branchand Ōkaihau became New Zealand's northernmost railway terminus. With Ōkaihau being on the main State Highway north (SH1) it became thetransshippingpoint for goods from rail onto road and vice versa.

For the Ōkaihau Branch's first few decades of operation, passengers were catered for bymixed trainsthat carried freight as well and ran to slow timetables. These mixed services offered connections with theNorthland Expresspassenger train that ran thrice weekly betweenAucklandandOpua,but in November 1956, the carriage train was replaced by arailcarservice run byRM class88 seaters.The northern terminus was changed from Opua to Ōkaihau, and the railway line rose in prominence and importance. The railcars provided a considerable improvement in service and were very popular throughout their service duration. However, mechanical faults plagued the railcars and they were cancelled in July 1967. Mixed trains continued to operate toWhangāreiuntil 21 June 1976, when the line became freight-only. However, declining freight volumes due to deregulation of the transport industry in 1983 meant that the line did not last much longer, and it closed on 1 November 1987.

Today, the Ōkaihau railway station platform edge remains in its former location beside a flat area that was once the railway yard, and just to the north of the town is a tunnel on the ill-fated section to Rangiahua, New Zealand's northernmost railway tunnel.

There have been calls and proposals to reopen the Ōkaihau Branch to carry forestry traffic but to date nothing has yet come to fruition.

Demographics

Statistics New Zealand describes Ōkaihau as a rural settlement. It covers 3.56 km²(1.37 sq mi)and had an estimated population of 370 as of June 2023,with a population density of 104 people per km².The settlement is part of the larger Ōkaihau statistical area.

Historical population for Ōkaihau settlement

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2006	360	—
2013	312	−2.02%
2018	324	+0.76%
Source:

The settlement had a population of 324 at the2018 New Zealand census,an increase of 12 people (3.8%) since the2013 census,and a decrease of 36 people (−10.0%) since the2006 census.There were 117 households, comprising 171 males and 156 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.1 males per female, with 66 people (20.4%) aged under 15 years, 54 (16.7%) aged 15 to 29, 156 (48.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 48 (14.8%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 57.4% European/Pākehā, 51.9% Māori, 7.4% Pacific peoples, 1.9% Asian, and 0.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 43.5% had no religion, 33.3% were Christian, 5.6% hadMāori religious beliefs,0.9% were Hindu, 0.9% were Buddhist and 0.9% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 30 (11.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 60 (23.3%) people had no formal qualifications. 21 people (8.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 120 (46.5%) people were employed full-time, 33 (12.8%) were part-time, and 18 (7.0%) were unemployed.

Ōkaihau statistical area

Ōkaihau statistical area covers 147.68 km²(57.02 sq mi)to the north and west ofLake Ōmāpere.It had an estimated population of 1,480 as of June 2023,with a population density of 10.0 people per km².

Historical population for Ōkaihau statistical area

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2006	1,077	—
2013	1,131	+0.70%
2018	1,236	+1.79%
Source:

Ōkaihau statistical area had a population of 1,236 at the2018 New Zealand census,an increase of 105 people (9.3%) since the2013 census,and an increase of 159 people (14.8%) since the2006 census.There were 435 households, comprising 636 males and 597 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female. The median age was 40.6 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 261 people (21.1%) aged under 15 years, 234 (18.9%) aged 15 to 29, 576 (46.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 162 (13.1%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 75.5% European/Pākehā, 37.1% Māori, 4.6% Pacific peoples, 1.2% Asian, and 1.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 13.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.2% had no religion, 32.5% were Christian, 4.6% hadMāori religious beliefs,0.5% were Hindu, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.2% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 120 (12.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 198 (20.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $27,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 108 people (11.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 501 (51.4%) people were employed full-time, 138 (14.2%) were part-time, and 42 (4.3%) were unemployed.

Education

History

The earliest official record of a school in Ōkaihau was in 1874, prior to this, school had been taught by Mr. Joseph Harrison from 1870 or 1871. The earliest date is not known. Thesettlers,through Mr. McCloud the M.P for theBay of Islandsat the time arranged to provide the timber for a school and the government would erect it and pay the teacher in full. The school was built in 1874, opening with a roll of 21 pupils.

By 1889 the school building was too small and was shifted down to serve as the Upper Waihou School. A larger one was built in its place. This bigger school was known continuously as the "Main School" until consolidation over forty years later. Other schools opened in the area at later dates were; Upper Waihou, Rangi Point, Cooks Road, Utakura, Okaihau East and Okaihau Public Works School. Due to the large influx of workers on the proposed railway line toKaitaiathe Public Works School became necessary.It grew to have three teachers.

Prior to 1938 there was nosecondary educationavailable to those in the Ōkaihau area. Students would either have to board inAucklandorWhangārei,or travel toKaikohebytrain.The trip to Kaikohe was an endurance test for students as they would often not get home until 6pm or later. On 4 April 1938 a consolidated school was opened with a roll of 180. The first headmaster was Mr. A. Burnett.

In 1947 the roll had increased to such an extent the Consolidated School became aDistrict High Schooland with the addition of two prefabricated buildings served as bothprimaryand secondary schools. The first headmaster was Mr. J. Lee and Mr. T. Batty assisted in the High School department. Further expansion took place in 1963 when a separate Infant Block was erected across the road from the Main School.

Okaihau College

Main article:Okaihau College

In 1973 the High School was granted Form 1–7 (Year 7–13) status and becameOkaihau Collegewith Mr. Laurenson as first principal.At the same time a full primary school was completed around the Infant Block with Mr. N. Thomson becoming the first headmaster. At the end of 1973 there were 263 pupils attending the college and 219 at the primary school.

Okaihau College has grown to a current student roll of 306 students.

Okaihau Primary School

Okaihau Primary School caters for children between Years 1 and 6 and has a roll of 136 students.

Present

Ōkaihau village has a butchery, cafes, a mechanics, two dairies, aFour Squareand a takeaways.

Name

The name "Ōkaihau" is a Maori name meaning "Feast of the winds", which is relevant to the location of the area on a ridge over 200 m above sea level. This part of New Zealand was originally a dense wooded landscape and even today huge old trees such aspuririare found in the area of the school.

External links

• Okaihau School