Oliena
 | This article includes a list of generalreferences,butit lacks sufficient correspondinginline citations.(September 2013) |
Oliena
Ulìana(Sardinian) | |
|---|---|
| Comune di Oliena | |
 Oliena (in the foreground) | |
Location of Oliena  | |
  Oliena Location of Oliena in Sardinia  Oliena Oliena (Sardinia) | |
| Coordinates:40°16′N9°24′E/ 40.267°N 9.400°E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Sardinia |
| Province | Nuoro(NU) |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Sebastiano Antioco Congiu |
| Area | |
| • Total | 165.74 km2(63.99 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 339 m (1,112 ft) |
| Population (31 July 2016)[2] | |
| • Total | 7,123 |
| • Density | 43/km2(110/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Olianesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1(CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2(CEST) |
| Postal code | 08025 |
| Dialing code | 0784 |
| Patron saint | Saint Ignatius of Loyola,San Lussorio |
| Saint day | 31 July – 21 August |
| Website | Official website |
Oliena(Italian pronunciation:[oˈliːena]or less correctly[oˈljɛːna];Sardinian:Ulìana[uˈli.ana]) is a commune in theprovince of Nuoro,Sardinia,Italy.
History
[edit]The territory of Oliena has been inhabited since thePalaeolithic Erauntil today.
The first proofs about the above-mentioned presences have been found inside theGrotta Corbeddu.TheNuragic civilizationfeatured at least 54 villages, 30nuraghes,sepulchres, buildings with a likely sacred destination were calculated.
As part of the medievalGiudicato of Torres,Oliena was one of thecuratorieofPosada.Later it was held by theRepublic of Pisa.
During the war between theAragoneseand theGiudicato of Arborea,the commune was occupied byEleanor of Arborea's troops. The village, developed in medieval times, at the foot of a castle remembered in toponomy, remained to Arborea until its fall.
Oliena was passed to the Carrozs family, and later annexed to the marquisate of Quirra, as a feudal state of the Carrozs, and then of the Osorios family, who held it until 1839.
Geography
[edit]Territory
[edit]The territory of Oliena extends towards the north-eastern slope of theSupramonte,[3]as far as the eastern foot of mountOrtobene,embracing the valley crossed byCedrinoriver, which opens towards the plains ofGaltellìandOrosei.
The inhabited centre lies about 380 metres (1,250 ft) above sea level at the foot of a mountain that rises vertically to theMount Corrasi.
Flora and fauna
[edit]Species living in the most inaccessibles zones of theMount Corrasiinclude:
- Aquilegia nugorensis
- Armeria morisii
- Campanula forsythii
- Cerastium supramontanum
- Erinus alpinus
- Limonium
- Nepeta foliosa
- Paeonia mascula
- Ribes sardoumMartelli
- Taxus baccata
Wildlife species living in the Oliena territory include:
- peregrine falcon
- royal eagle
- moufflon
- wild boar
- buzzard
- Sardinian hare
- Sardinian fox
- Sardinian deer
- Speleomantes supramontis,a geo-newt,
- Griffon vulture
Main sights
[edit]Churches
[edit]
- Church ofSanta Mariawas built during thePisanperiod.
- Former church of Sant'Ignazio
- Santa Croce (Santa Rughe)
- San Lussorio
Nuraghes
[edit]TheNuraghe Biriàiis located, between two rocky spurs, in a position that makes it able to dominate the whole Cedrino valley. The passage, leading to a suspension door to the north, forms a trapezoidal span surmounted by a powerful architrave with a window lintel.
The Nuraghe Luduruju is located on the border of theGollei Ospène Plateau.It follows the single-tower typology, with one room, built with slab-shaped blocks of localbasalt.
The Nuraghe Otha'he stands on a rocky outcrop. It was surrounded along its perimeter by a wall curtain. In spite of thelimestone(a rock hard to work upon), it was used.
In the interior of the Nuraghe Susùne, atholos roomopens to the internal passage. According to the transept scheme, it provided another trapezoidal light oriented to the west.
Othernuraghesinclude Nuraghe Suvegliu.
Sepulchres
[edit]TheMegalithicsepulchre of Catteddu Crìspu is formed by two hangings; one external with megalithic blocks, and the other internal with the small hewn rocks. The interior is encumbered by a large slab with three hollows carved on its ends.
TheDomos de Gurpìaare examples ofDomus de Janasexcavated in agraniteerratic block.
Other 'Domus de Janas include:
- Domos de Suvangiu
- Domos de Jumpàdu
- Domos de Frathale
Nuragic village of Tiscali
[edit]Tiscaliis situated in the large grotto that shelters the village. Discovered at the end of the 17th century, it is commonly considered to be a Nuragic site. The inhabited centre of huts, built with small stones joined by mud, was for inhabited also in the Roman and Medieval ages.
Nuragic village ofSedda 'e sos Carros
[edit]This village is located in theLanaitho Valley.
Economy
[edit]Agriculture and typical products
[edit]The position of the territory is favourable, thanks to its healthiness and the presence of spring-waters still today, permitting to practise a rich variety of cultures on the plains (olive-groves, orchards, vineyards, kitchen gardens). Pastures are prevalently destined to sheep and cattle-breeding.
The typical products are:
- Sardinian "Pecorino" cheese (sheep's milk cheese),
- cheese cream,Sa Vrughe(a kind of cheese),
- sausages
- ham
- bacon,tammati 'hin vrughe salìa,(tomatoes and salty kind of cheese)
The pasta:
- angelottos
- ma'harrones de bocciu(gnocchi)
- maharrones de busa
The sweets:
- Sevadas
- 'hasadinas
- marigosos
- amarettos
- guelfos
- hidongiadu
- pistoccos 'hin sa cappa
- aranciada
- ori'heddos
- meli'heddas
The bread:
- pane carasàu
- paneddas
Nepente wine
[edit]TheNepenteof Oliena is a vintage wine, obtained from a selection of grapesCannonaucultivated in the municipality of Oliena.
The wine is red-brown and becomesamaranthwhen aged.
People
[edit]- Giovanni Corbeddu Salis(1844–1898), famous bandit considered as "TheRobin Hoodof Sardinia ".
- Gianfranco Zola,formerChelsea FCandCagliariplayer, and formerWest Ham Unitedmanager.
References
[edit]- ^"Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011".Italian National Institute of Statistics.Retrieved16 March2019.
- ^All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
- ^"Bandiere Arancioni TCI".
Sources
[edit]- Dolores Turchi,Sardegna mediterranea,1999
- Gianfranca Salis,Ambiente e Archeologia,1999
- Francesco Murgia,Lanaitho valley, Sa Ohe, Su Gologone - 1999'
- Luisa Lecca,Sebastiano Carai, Oliena. Storia, cultura, ambiente, tradizione,2009
External links
[edit]
| International | |
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| National | |
