Omeros

Omeros

First edition cover, with illustration by the poet
Author	Derek Walcott
Cover artist	Derek Walcott
Language	English
Subject	Post-colonialism
Genre	Epic poetry,World literature,Postmodernism
Set in	Saint LuciaandBrookline, Massachusetts,late 20th century; also some sequences in the late 18th century
Publisher	Farrar, Straus & Giroux
Publication date	1990
Publication place	Saint Lucia
Media type	Print: hardback
Pages	325
ISBN	9780374225919
Dewey Decimal	819.8
LC Class	PR9272.W3 O44
Preceded by	The Arkansas Testament
Followed by	The Bounty
Website	https://www.faber.co.uk/product/9780571144594-omeros/

Omerosis anepic poembySaint LucianwriterDerek Walcott,first published in 1990. The work is divided into seven "books" containing a total of sixty-four chapters. Many critics viewOmerosas Walcott's finest work.

In 2022, it was included on the "Big Jubilee Read"list of 70 books byCommonwealthauthors, selected to celebrate thePlatinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

Overview

The poem very loosely echoes and referencesHomerand some of his major characters from theIliad.Some of the poem's major characters include the island fishermen Achille and Hector, the retired English officer Major Plunkett and his wife Maud, the housemaid Helen, the blind man Seven Seas (who symbolically represents Homer), and the author himself. Although the main narrative of the poem takes place on the island ofSt. Lucia,where Walcott was born and raised, Walcott also includes scenes fromBrookline, Massachusetts(where Walcott was living and teaching at the time of the poem's composition) and the character Achille imagines a voyage from Africa onto a slave ship that's headed for the Americas; also, in Book Five of the poem, Walcott narrates some of his travel experiences in a variety of cities around the world, includingLisbon,London,Dublin,Rome,andToronto.

The island of Saint Lucia was historically known as "the Helen of the West Indies" during the 18th century because colonial control of the island frequently changed hands between the French and English who fought over the island due to its strategic location vis-a-vis North America.In reference to this appellation, Walcott sometimes personifies the island as if it is a character referred to as "Helen," symbolically tying the island to both the Homeric Helen as well as to the housemaid Helen.

Unlike a conventional epic poem, Walcott divides the narrative between his characters and his own voice so that his epic has no main protagonist or "hero”. Moreover, his narrative does not follow a clear, linear path. Instead, Walcott jumps around in time and from character to character without much concern for narrative plotting. These tendencies, combined with Walcott's insertion of himself into the poem, as well as his commentary on his characters as fictional creations, make the poem apostmodernistepic.

Although most of the poem is supposed to take place in the late 20th century, there are sections of the poem that take place in other time periods. For instance, there are chapters that take place in the West Indies in the late 18th century (following the ancestors of the characters Achille and Plunkett). These passages describe theBattle of the Sainteswhich took place off the coast of St. Lucia in 1782 and ended with the British fleet, under the command of AdmiralGeorge Rodney(who appears in the poem), defeating the French. For another example, in Books 4 and 5 of the poem, Walcott also writes about and in the voice of the 19th-century activistCaroline Weldonwho worked on behalf of the rights of the Lakota Sioux Indian tribe in the Dakotas.

The plot ofOmeroscan be divided into three main narrative threads that crisscross throughout the book. The first one follows the Homeric rivalry of Achille and Hector over their love for Helen. There is also a minor character named Philoctete, an injured fisherman, inspired by Homer'sPhiloctetes.The second thread is the interwoven story of Major Plunkett and his wife Maud, who live on the island and must reconcile themselves to the history ofBritishcolonizationof St. Lucia. The final thread is the autobiographical narrative of Walcott himself. Walcott, by using myth and history, advocates the need to return to traditions in order to challenge the modernity born out of colonialism.

Form

Through the vast majority of the poem, Walcott uses a three-line form that is reminiscent of theterza rimaform thatDanteused forThe Divine Comedy.However, Walcott's form is much looser than Dante's. His rhyme scheme does not follow a regular pattern like Dante's. Although Walcott claimed in an interview that the poem was written inhexameter,this characterization of the poem's form is inaccurate.Lance Callahan notes that "despite the fact that most lines are composed of twelvesyllables,so wildly varied is the metrical construction of the poem that at times it gives the appearance of being infree verse."Jill Gidmark notes that "Walcott’s lines are visually, though not metrically, the same length."

For one brief section (Section III) of the opening chapter of Book 4, Walcott breaks completely with the three-line form and writesrhyming coupletsintetrameter.

Reception

Soon after its publication in 1990,Omerosreceived praise from publications likeThe Washington PostandThe New York Times Book Review,the latter of which chose the book as one of its "Best Books of 1990" and called it "one of Mr. Walcott's finest poetic works."The book also won theWH Smith Literary Awardin 1991. In 1992, Walcott was also awarded theNobel Prize for Literature,and the Nobel committee member who presented the award, ProfessorKjell Espmark,singled out Walcott's most recent achievement at the time,Omeros,recognizing the book as a "major work".Walcott painted the cover for the book, which depicts some of his main characters at sea together in a boat. In 2004, the criticHilton AlsofThe New Yorkercalled the book "Walcott's masterpiece" and characterized the poem as "the perfect marriage of Walcott’s classicism and his nativism".

Stage adaptation

Walcott has adapted his poem for performance at theSam Wanamaker Playhouse,Shakespeare's Globe,London. Starring Saint Lucian actorJoseph MarcellandJade Anouka,it was presented in May and June 2014,and was reprised in October 2015.

See also

• Caribbean literature
• Caribbean poetry
• Epic poetry

Other sources

• Omeros Chart: A guide to Derek Walcott'sOmeros
• Podcast of Derek Walcott discussingOmeroson the BBC'sWorld Book Club
• In the Shadows of Divine Perfection By Lance Callahan
• A Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry: Derek Walcott:Omerosby Bruce Woodcock
• Ambition and Anxiety by Line Henriksen