Ostyak
Ostyak(Russian:Остя́к) is a name formerly used to refer to severalIndigenous peoplesand languages inSiberia,Russia.Both theKhanty peopleand theKet peoplewere formerly called Ostyaks, whereas theSelkup peoplewere referred to as Ostyak-Samoyed.
Khanty[edit]
The Khanty people, who also call themselvesKhanti,Khande,orKantekwere known to the Russians asYugrain the eleventh century, with the nameOstyakfirst appearing in the sixteenth century. TheSoviet Unionbegan using theendonymKhantorKhantyduring the 1930s.[1]
As of 2002[update]some 28,000 people identify as Khanty, primarily inTyumen Oblast,which includes the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug.[2]
The Khanty language, also known as Hanty, Khant, Xanty, or Ostyak, is aUralic languagewith about 9,500 native speakers.[3]
Ket[edit]
The Kets historically lived near theYenisei Riverin theKrasnoyarsk Kraidistrict ofRussia.TheImperial Russiansoriginally[when?]called themOstyak,and laterYenisei Ostyak.[4]Fewer than 1,500 people identified themselves as Ket during the 2002 Russian census.[2]
The Ket language, also known as Imbatski-Ket or Yenisei Ostyak, is aYeniseian language.It is consideredseverely endangered to moribund.[3]
Selkup[edit]
The Selkup people were known as Ostyak-Samoyeds until the 1930s. They are descended from both Yeniseian andSamoyedic peoples,and live in the northern parts of the Siberian plain. About 4,000 people identified as Selkup during the 2002 Russian census.[2]
The Selkup language, also known as Selkups, Chumyl' Khumyt, Shöl Khumyt, Shösh Gulla, Syusugulla, or Ostyak Samoyed, is a UralicSamoyedic languagewith perhaps two thousand or more native speakers. The northern dialect is taught in some schools.[3]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"Khants or Ostyaks".Endangered Uralic Peoples.Retrieved2013-07-24.
- ^abc"Численность коренных малочисленных народов Севера".Archived fromthe originalon 2006-02-20.Retrieved2013-07-24.(in Russian)
- ^abcLewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary; Fennig, Charles (2013).Ethnologue: Languages of the World(Seventeenth ed.). SIL International.
- ^Vajda, Edward."The Ket and Other Yeniseian Peoples".Archived fromthe originalon 2019-04-06.Retrieved2013-07-24.
Further reading[edit]
- Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911)..Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 359.