Pachycormus(fish)
| Pachycormus Temporal range:
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Scientific classification
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | †Pachycormiformes |
| Family: | †Pachycormidae |
| Genus: | †Pachycormus Agassiz,1833 |
| Type species | |
| †Pachycormus macropterus(originallyElopsmacropterus) (de Blainville 1818)
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Pachycormus(fromGreek:παχύςpakhús,'thick' andGreek:κορμόςkormós'trunk')[1]is anextinctgenusofpachycormiformray-finned fishknown from the EarlyJurassic(Toarcianstage) of Europe. The type speciesP. macropteruswas first named as a species ofElopsbyHenri Marie Ducrotay de Blainvillein 1818, it was placed into the newly named genusPachycormusbyLouis Agassizin 1833. Fossils have been found in marine deposits from France, Germany and England.Pachycormushas recently been considered monotypic, only containingP.macropterus,with other species considered junior synonyms of the former,[2]though this has subsequently been questioned.[3]Pachycormushas generally been consideredbasalamong Pachycormiformes, with a recent phylogeny finding it to be the second most basal pachycormiform afterEuthynotus.[2]It grew up to 1 m (3.5 ft) in length.[2]The teeth are short and designed for grasping. Its ecology has been interpreted as that of a generalist predator.[3]Stomach contents indicate that its diet includedcephalopods(includingvampyropods,belemnitesandammonites), and small fish, including juvenilePachycormus.[4]One particular specimen shows that it died because of swallowing an ammonite too large for its size, and the ammonite itself was only shortly digested just before the fish's death.[5]
References
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- ^Roberts, George (1839).An etymological and explanatory dictionary of the terms and language of geology.London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans. p. 129.Retrieved31 December2021.
- ^abcWretman, Lovisa; Blom, Henning; Kear, Benjamin P. (2016-09-02)."Resolution of the Early Jurassic actinopterygian fish Pachycormus and a dispersal hypothesis for Pachycormiformes".Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.36(5): e1206022.Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E6022W.doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1206022.ISSN0272-4634.S2CID89338085.
- ^abCawley, John J.; Kriwet, Jürgen; Klug, Stefanie; Benton, Michael J. (2018-09-20)."The stem group teleost Pachycormus (Pachycormiformes: Pachycormidae) from the Upper Lias (Lower Jurassic) of Strawberry Bank, UK".PalZ.93(2): 285–302.doi:10.1007/s12542-018-0431-7.hdl:1983/1a98e5d7-53a8-4f69-b1cd-64c284303128.ISSN0031-0220.S2CID91258610.
- ^Cooper, Samuel L. A. (2023-05-04)."Cannibalism in the Early Jurassic bony fish Pachycormus macropterus (Teleosteomorpha: Pachycormiformes) and its paleoecological significance".Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.43(3).doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2294000.ISSN0272-4634.
- ^Cooper, S. L. A.; Maxwell, E. E. (2023)."Death by ammonite: fatal ingestion of an ammonoid shell by an Early Jurassic bony fish".Geological Magazine.160(7): 1254–1261.Bibcode:2023GeoM..160.1254C.doi:10.1017/S0016756823000456.S2CID260230492.
- Fossils(Smithsonian Handbooks) byDavid Ward(page 214)
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