Pavel Rybnikov
Pavel Nikolayevich Rybnikov | |
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| Born | Павел Николаевич Рыбников 6 December 1831 |
| Died | 29 November 1885(aged 53) |
| Occupation(s) | ethnographer, folklorist, historian |
| Awards | The Demidov Prize (1864) |
Pavel Nikolayevich Rybnikov(Па́вел Никола́евич Ры́бников, 6 December 1831,Moscow,Russian Empire,– 29 November 1885,Kalisz,Poland,then part of the Russian Empire) was a Russianethnographer,folkloristandliterary historian,credited with the discovery of the previously unknown culture ofbylinaandepospoetry of theOlonetsandArkhangelskregions of North-European Russia.[1]He spent the second half of his life in Kalisz, where he was the vice-governor of theKalisz Guberniya,and contributed to the development of local science and culture.
Biography
[edit]Pavel Nikolayevich Rybnikov was born in Moscow to a family ofstaroobryadtsymerchants. After graduating from 3rd Moscow Gymnasium with a silver medal in 1850, he enrolled intoMoscow University's History and Philology faculty. It was at that time that he got close to the MoscowSlavophiles' circle, notablyAleksey KhomyakovandKonstantin Aksakov.[2]
In 1859, Rybnikov was arrested inChernigovfor contacts with the localOld Believerscommunity (where he went to study the local history and literature, on Khomyakov's recommendation). Rybnikov was pronounced "a revolutionary", a fact scathingly commented upon byAlexander HertzeninKolokol) and deported toPetrozavodsk.There he started the extensive study of the Northern Russia's folklore, culture and history.[1]
The Songs Collected by P.N.Rybnikov,published in 4 volumes in 1861—1867 made Rybnikov a well-known author both in Russia and abroad. After Rybnikov was granted two major awards - the Russian Geographical Society's Gold medal and theDemidov Prize,both in 1864, the Russian authorities were motivated to 'pardon' Rybnikov. Relieved of the status of an 'exile' and granted the permission to move to either of Russia's major cities, Rybnikov instead married a Polish woman and settled in the city ofKaliszwhere he remained until his death.[1][2]
After the recreation of theKalisz Guberniyain 1857 Rybnikov was appointed to the position of vice-governor of the Guberniya. He supported the creation of the regional newspaper,Kaliszanin,and was its censor for sixteen years.[3]Despite being a Russian official administering a territory in aRussian partition,he is remembered in Poland as especially sympathetic towards the Polish people and Polish culture.[4][5]
References
[edit]- ^abc"Rybnikov, Pavel Nikolayevich".The Brokhaus & Efron. The Great Biographical Dictionary. 1907.Retrieved2015-01-13.
- ^abPavel Nikolayevich Rybnikov. The Biography.– Kenozerje (the regional Northern site).
- ^"Najwybitniejsi przedstawiciele".www.kalisz.pl.
- ^"Urząd Miejski w Kaliszu".um.kalisz.pl.Archived fromthe originalon 2015-05-19.Retrieved2015-05-19.
- ^"Życie Kalisza - tygodnik regionalny; Kalisz, Wielkopolska".zyciekalisza.pl.13 November 2010.
Further reading
[edit]- (in Polish)Gubernator i wicegubernator w Królestwie Polskim po 1867 roku, [in:] A. Górak, J. Kozłowski, K. Latawiec, Słownik biograficzny gubernatorów i wicegubernatorów w Królestwie Polskim (1867–1918), Lublin 2014, p. 314-317
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