Pazhayangadi
Pazhayangadi
Payangadi | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Madayi Kavu, Pazhayangadi | |
  Pazhayangadi Location in Kerala, India  Pazhayangadi Pazhayangadi (India) | |
| Coordinates:12°01′08″N75°15′32″E/ 12.0189°N 75.2588°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Kannur |
| Taluk | Payyanur |
| Government | |
| • Type | Panchayati raj (India) |
| • Body | Madayi Grama Panchayat & Ezhome Grama Panchayat |
| Area | |
| • Total | 37.17 km2(14.35 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 55,149 |
| • Density | 1,500/km2(3,800/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Malayalam,English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30(IST) |
| PIN | 670358,670303,670334,670305 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-KL |
| Vehicle registration | KL-86 |
| Nearest Towns | Kannur,Payyanur,Taliparamba |
| Lok Sabhaconstituency | Kasaragod |
| Assembly constituency | Kalliasseri |
Pazhayangadi(Also calledPayangadi), is a small township, approximately 23 km (14 mi) north of district headquartersKannur,15 km (9.3 mi) south ofPayyanurand 14.5 km (9.0 mi) west ofTaliparambain theIndianstate ofKerala.In the local language of Malayalam it literally means "Old Market". The town is bounded by the Madayi Hills (Madayippara) on the west and by the Pazhayangadi River on the south.Ezhimala,a range of hills, that is believed to be home to a variety of medical herbs including mrithasanjeevini, and a very ancientrecorded history,is situated nearly 8 km west of Pazhayangadi. Pazhayangadi town is spread overMadayiandEzhomeGrama Panchayats.Madayi Hill offers a splendid scene ofEzhimalawhich means a chain of seven mountains, where theIndian Naval Academyis situated.
History
[edit]From before the period of known history, some chapters of theRamayanaand local Hindu legends associate theEzhimala Hillswith the famous epic, in particular with LordHanuman.[1][2]
Ezhimala, Pazhayangadi, and several villages and towns in this region find plenty of mention in the extant TamilSangam Period's literature (500 BC to 300 AD). Pazhayangadi is the present corrupted form of its ancient name of Pazhi. Pazhi is mentioned as the ancient capital of KingUdayan Venmon Nannan(known asNannanorNandan) of theMushikaorKolathiriRoyal Family. Though the Dynasty ofNannans was a cousin or sister dynasty of the Cheras and Pandyas and Cholas, warfare among them was nearly consistent, and the period ofNannanwas no exception.[3][4][5][6]There are texts that speak ofNannanfighting heroic battles at Pazhi against theCheraKings who invaded his kingdom (Kolathunadu). Eventually,Nannanwas killed in battle by the Chera king,Narmudi Cheral.Like the other kings of the then Tamilakam cultural polity,Narmudi Cheralwas a great patron of scholars and poets, and he once gifted his court-poet,Kappiyattu Kappiyanarwith 40 lakhs gold coins, as a token of his poetic genius.
Extant Tamil Sangam texts describe the glory and wealth of the ancient Pazhi in the highest terms.[1]Sangam Era poets, as well as Classical Tamil poets of later centuries, like Paranar speak of the wealth of Pazhi in the greatest degree. One of the Sangam pieces,Akam 173speaks of "Nannan's great mountain slopes where gold fields abound, and long bamboos dried in the Sun burst and released the unfinished pearls. "[1]Noted scholar,Elamkulam Kunjan Pillaistates that "It is from Kottayam (of North Malabar) and Cannanore regions of old Ezhimalainad that innumerable Roman (gold) coins have been excavated. On one (single) occasion (gold) coins that could be carried by six porters were obtained. These coins were found to belong to the period down to 491 AD".[1]
TheMooshaka Vamsam,written on the Mushika (Kolathiri) family ofNannanin the Eleventh Century, also mentions Pazhayangadi several times.
Ezhimala Hills
[edit]Pazhayangadi is just 8 kilometers away fromEzhimalawhich was the later Capital of theKolathiriDynasty. Pazhayangadi is famous for theMadayi Kavuwhich was a temple associated with theKolathiris(MushikaKings). TheMadayivillage which includes Pazhayangadi, is mentioned asMarahiin extant ancient texts, which was a famous port of the ancient times. Pazhayangadi has a lot of temples, such as theVadakunda Shiva TempleatMadayi Para,and theEripuramSree Krishna Temple.TheTharapuram Sree Durgambika Templeis also a well-known temple at Pazhayangadi; and is well-known for itsKalampattu;the nameTharapuramitself derived from the name of the GoddessThara(Uchulikadavathu Bagavathi). Sree Durga, along withYakshiyammais worshiped here. The recorded history of Pazhayangadi and nearby places which belonged to the Kolathunadu, is described in the book 'Kolathupuzha', written by MP Kumaran.
Educational Institutions
[edit]- College of Applied Science, Neruvambaram
- Crescent B.Ed College, Madayipara[7]
- Crescent College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Co-operative Arts and Science College, Madayi[8]
- Wadihuda Institute
Economy
[edit]The local economy is based upon fisheries and agriculture. Majority of the locals are working inPersian Gulf countriesand their remittances also contribute to the economy in a major way.
Environmental movements
[edit]Pazhayangadi is well known for environmental movements like Mangrove Conservation and Movement against Sand Mining. Noted environmentalistKallen Pokkudanis from Pazhayangadi. A woman from Pazhayangadi calledJazeeraappeared in a BBC report in 2013[9]because of her lone fight against Sand Mining in Kerala.
Transportation
[edit]Pazhayangadi town lies on thePilathara-PappinisseriKSTP road which act as bypass to National Highway.[10]The National Highway 66 passes through Pilathara junction, which is 6.5 km from the Pazhayangadi town.GoaandMumbaican be accessed on the northern side andCochinandThiruvananthapuramcan be accessed on the southern side. Other major roads are Pazhayangadi-Ezhome-Taliparamba road and Pazhayangadi-Madayi-Ezhimala road.
Pazhayangadi has several private buses plying places inside the Kannur district. Pazhayangadi is well-connected to its suburbs through several bus services. Pazhayangadi town has one bus terminal - Pazhayangadi Bus Stand.
The nearest railway station isPazhayangadionShoranur-Mangalore sectionunder southern railway. Trains are available to almost all parts of India subject to advance booking over the internet. There are airports atKannur,MangaloreandCalicut.All of them are international airports but direct flights are available only to Middle Eastern countries.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^abcdRamunny, Murkot (1 January 1993).Ezhimala: The Abode of the Naval Academy.Northern Book Centre.ISBN9788172110529.
- ^Kareem, C. K. (1 January 1976).Kerala District Gazetteers: Palghat.Kerala, India: printed by the Superintendent of Govt. Presses.
- ^Indian History.Allied Publishers.ISBN9788184245684.
- ^Devi, R. Leela (1 January 1986).History of Kerala.Vidyarthi Mithram Press & Book Depot.
- ^Proceedings of the Indian History Congress.Indian History Congress. 1981.
- ^Kalakam, Tañcai Tamilp Palkalaik (1 January 1994).Glimpses of Tamil civilization: articles from the university quarterly, Tamil civilization.Tamil University.
- ^"Higher Education Institutes in Kannur University".
- ^"Degree colleges in Kannur-Kerala".vidyatime.com.
- ^Indian woman fights against sand mining in Kerala village – BBC News.Bbc.com. Retrieved on 2018-01-15.
- ^"Pappinissery-Pilathara KSTP road formally inaugurated".Times of India.Retrieved25 November2018.