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Penny Mordaunt

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The Right Honourable
Penny Mordaunt
Official portrait, 2022
Leader of the House of Commons
Lord President of the Council
In office
6 September 2022 – 5 July 2024
Prime MinisterLiz Truss
Rishi Sunak
Preceded byMark Spencer
Secretary of State for Defence
In office
1 May 2019 – 24 July 2019
Prime MinisterTheresa May
Preceded byGavin Williamson
Succeeded byBen Wallace
Secretary of State for International Development
In office
9 November 2017 – 1 May 2019
Prime MinisterTheresa May
Preceded byPriti Patel
Succeeded byRory Stewart
Minister for Women and Equalities
In office
30 April 2018 – 24 July 2019
Prime MinisterTheresa May
Preceded byAmber Rudd
Succeeded byAmber Rudd
Junior ministerial offices
Minister of State for Trade Policy
In office
16 September 2021 – 6 September 2022
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byGreg Hands
Succeeded byConor Burns
Paymaster General
In office
13 February 2020 – 16 September 2021
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byOliver Dowden
Succeeded byMichael Ellis
Minister of State for Disabled People, Work and Health
In office
15 July 2016 – 9 November 2017
Prime MinisterTheresa May
Preceded byJustin Tomlinson
Succeeded bySarah Newton
Minister of State for the Armed Forces
In office
11 May 2015 – 15 July 2016
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
Preceded byMark François
Succeeded byMike Penning
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government
In office
14 July 2014 – 11 May 2015
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
Preceded byNick Boles
Succeeded byJames Wharton
Member of Parliament
forPortsmouth North
In office
6 May 2010 – 30 May 2024
Preceded bySarah McCarthy-Fry
Succeeded byAmanda Martin
Majority15,780 (34.4%)
Personal details
Born
Penelope Mary Mordaunt

(1973-03-04)4 March 1973(age 51)
Torquay,Devon,England
Political partyConservative
Spouse
Paul Murray
​
​
(m.1999;div.2000)​
Alma materUniversity of Reading(BA)
Signature
Websitepennymordaunt.com
Military service
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Branch/serviceRoyal Navy
Years of service2010–2019[1]
RankActing Sub-Lieutenant
(HonoraryCaptain)
UnitRoyal Naval Reserve
Penny Mordaunt's voice
Mordaunt comments on her appointment asSecretary of State for International Development
Recorded 10 November 2017

Penelope Mary Mordaunt(/ˈmɔːrdənt/;born 4 March 1973) is a BritishConservativepolitician who served asLord President of the CouncilandLeader of the House of Commonsfrom 2022 until 2024. She was theMember of Parliament(MP) forPortsmouth Northfrom2010to2024.She has run twice for theConservative party leadershipinJuly–SeptemberandOctober 2022,losing toLiz TrussandRishi Sunakrespectively. In the2024 general election,Mordaunt lost her Portsmouth North seat to Labour'sAmanda Martin.

Mordaunt read philosophy at theUniversity of Reading,before working in the public relations industry. She held roles underConservative Party leadersJohn MajorandWilliam Hague,and also worked forGeorge W. Bush's presidential campaigns in 2000 and 2004. Mordaunt was elected to theHouse of Commonsat the 2010 general election. Under thecoalition governmentofDavid Cameron,she served asParliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Decentralisationfrom 2014 to 2015. After the2015 general election,Cameron promoted her toMinister of State for the Armed Forces,the first woman to hold the post. Mordaunt supportedBrexitin the2016 referendum on EU membership.FollowingTheresa May's appointment as Prime Minister, Mordaunt was appointedMinister of State for Disabled People, Work and Health.In 2017, following the resignation ofPriti Patel,she was appointedSecretary of State for International Development.She also served asMinister for Women and Equalitiesfrom 2018 to 2019.

In May 2019, Mordaunt was appointed to the Cabinet position ofSecretary of State for Defence,replacingGavin Williamson,becoming the first woman to hold the post. She served as Defence Secretary for 85 days before returning to thebackbenches,having been removed from office by the new Prime MinisterBoris Johnson.In theFebruary 2020 reshuffle,she re-entered government asPaymaster General.In the2021 reshuffle,she was appointed Minister of State for Trade Policy.

Following Johnson's announcement in July 2022 that he would resign as Leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister, Mordaunt entered the leadership contest to succeed him, but was eliminated in the final round of voting among Conservative MPs and subsequently endorsed Truss. Mordaunt was appointed asLeader of the House of CommonsandLord President of the Councilwhen Truss became Prime Minister. Following Truss's resignation on 20 October 2022, Mordaunt made a second bid to become Conservative leader and Prime Minister. She pulled out of the election after being unable to gain the necessary endorsement of 100 MPs, allowing Sunak to become Conservative Leader and Prime Minister unopposed. Sunak later retained Mordaunt in his cabinet, continuing as Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President, giving her a notable role at thecoronation of Charles III and Camilla.

Early life and education[edit]

Penelope Mordaunt was born on 4 March 1973[2][3][4][5]inTorquay,Devon.[6]The daughter of a formerparatrooper,she says that she was named afterHMSPenelope.[7]Her father, John Mordaunt, born atHilsea Barracks,served in theParachute Regimentbefore retraining as a teacher, and later became a youth worker forHampshire County Council.[8]Her mother, Jennifer (néeSnowden), was a special needs teacher at schools inPurbrook.[8]Through her mother she is a relative ofPhilip Snowden,the firstLabourChancellor of the Exchequer.[9]The actressDame Angela Lansburywas her grandmother's cousin,[10][11]thus she is distantly related to formerLabour PartyleaderGeorge Lansbury.[12]

Mordaunt has two brothers: her twin, James, and a younger brother, Edward.[13]She was educated atOaklands Roman Catholic SchoolinWaterlooville,Hampshire,and studied drama at the Victoryland Theatre School.[14]Mordaunt was 15 when her mother died of breast cancer and after leaving school, she became her younger brother Edward's primary caregiver. The following year her father was also diagnosed with cancer, from which he recovered. To support her time at university Mordaunt worked in aJohnson & Johnsonfactory, and became amagician's assistantto Will Ayling, a past president of thePortsmouth and District Magic Circleand of the British Ring of theInternational Brotherhood of Magicians.[15]

Mordaunt has attributed her interest in politics to her experiences whilst working in hospitals and orphanages ofRomaniain the aftermath of the1989 revolution.[16]Mordaunt read philosophy at theUniversity of Reading,graduating in 1995 with upper second class honours. Although her parents had both undertakenfurther education,Mordaunt was the first member of her family to attend university.[13]Mordaunt was active in student politics and served as president of the Reading UniversityStudents' Union.[17]

Early professional career[edit]

After graduation, Mordaunt worked inpublic relationsin various sectors. Under Prime MinisterJohn Majorshe was Head of Youth for the Conservative Party, before working for two years as Head of Broadcasting for the Conservatives underparty leaderWilliam Hague(1999–2001).[4][13]She worked as a communications specialist for the Freight Transport Association (nowLogistics UK) from 1997 to 1999. In 2000, she worked briefly as Head of Foreign Press forGeorge W. Bush'spresidential campaign.[18][19]

She was Communications Director for theRoyal Borough of Kensington and Chelseafrom 2001 to 2003, before leaving to set up a new Anglo-American website called 'virtualconservatives'.[20][13]Lord Moylan,who was Deputy Leader of Kensington and Chelsea Council where Mordaunt was hired as a Director of Communications, said: "We had to get rid of her after a few months because she was incompetent."[21]

From 2004 to 2006, she was a director of Media Intelligence Partners.[4]Mordaunt worked again for theBush campaign in 2004.[22]She was a director at the Community Fund, which merged with the New Opportunities Fund to create theBig Lottery Fund,and created the Veterans Reunited programme, enabling service men and women to visitWorld War IIbattlefields and be involved in commemorative events.[8]Mordaunt worked for the Big Lottery Fund from 2003 to 2005.[4]In 2006, she became one of six directors at charityDiabetes UK,a role she held until 2009.[4][23][24]

Entry into parliament[edit]

In November 2003, Mordaunt was selected as the Conservativecandidateto contestPortsmouth Northin the2005 general election.She attained a 5.5% swing towards the Conservatives,[13]but lost toLabourcandidateSarah McCarthy-Fryby 1,139 votes.[25]A critic of women-only shortlists,[26][27]Mordaunt worked after the 2005 election as chief of staff forDavid Willetts's aborted leadership campaign.[28]Mordaunt was re-selected in January 2006 to contest Portsmouth North at the2010 general election.[13]At the election, she won the seat with an 8.6% swing from Labour, giving her a 7,289 majority. After her election in 2010, she became a member of thePublic Bill Committeefor theDefence Reform Act 2014.[29]InParliament,she has also previously sat on the Privacy and Injunctions (Joint Committee), the Defence Committee, the European Scrutiny Committee and the Committees on Arms Export Controls (formerlyQuadripartite Committee).[30]

In 2014, Mordaunt proposed the Loyal Address in reply to the Queen'sSpeech from the throne.[31][32]When receiving the Speech of the Year award atThe Spectatormagazine's Parliamentarian of the Year Awards in November 2014, Mordaunt said that she had delivered a speech in theHouse of Commonsjust before the Easter recess in 2013 on poultry welfare so as to use the word "cock",as a forfeit for a misdemeanour during Naval Reserve training.[33][34]She used the word "cock" six times and "lay" or "laid" five times. Following her comments, she was accused by Labour MPKate Hoeyof trivialising parliament.[35]At the2015 general election,Mordaunt was re-elected as the MP for Portsmouth North with an increased majority of 10,537.[36]She was re-elected at the2017 general electionwith a decreased majority of 9,965,[37]but at the2019 general electionshe increased her majority to 15,780, where she won 61.4% of the vote.[38]In February 2024, Mordaunt was re-selected as the Conservative candidate for Portsmouth North at the2024 general election.[39]

Ministerial career[edit]

Mordaunt was appointedParliamentary Under-Secretary of Statefor Decentralisation at theDepartment for Communities and Local Governmentby Prime MinisterDavid Cameronin the2014 cabinet reshuffle.[10][40]During her tenure, she was accused by theFire Brigades Union"of misleading MPs over assurances given to firefighters from fire authorities regarding what would happen to their pensions if they fail fitness tests". This dispute led to strike action by firefighters over the increase of retirement age.[41]

Mordaunt was appointedMinister of State for the Armed Forcesin May 2015, becoming the first woman to hold the post.[42]Major Robert Campbell, who was investigated and exonerated over the death of an Iraqi in 2003, criticised Mordaunt for backing theIraq Historic Allegations Teamwhile she was Armed Forces Minister, stating: "Now she is depicting herself as the armed forces champion but she never did anything for me. She needs to apologise for how we were treated. She failed us as the armed forces champion."[43]In July 2016, followingTheresa May's appointment as Prime Minister, Mordaunt was appointedMinister of State for Disabled People, Work and Healthat theDepartment for Work and Pensions.

Secretary of State for International Development: 2017–2019[edit]

Mordaunt on a visit toKutupalonginBangladeshin November 2017

Mordaunt was promoted to theCabinetasSecretary of State for International Developmentby Prime MinisterTheresa Mayon 9 November 2017, afterPriti Patelresigned.[44]In February 2018, an investigation byThe Timesnewspaper revealed allegations of misconduct byOxfamstaff operating inHaiti,in the aftermath of the2010 earthquake.Mordaunt argued that Oxfam, which had received £32 million in Government funds in the previous financial year, had failed in its "moral leadership" over the scandal. She also said that Oxfam did "absolutely the wrong thing" by not reporting the detail of the allegations to the Government. Mordaunt felt it was important for aid organisations to report offences because she suspected that there were paedophiles "targeting" the charity sector in order to carry out predatory activities.[45]

Minister for Women and Equalities: 2018–2019[edit]

Mordaunt becameMinister for Women and Equalitiesin April 2018, replacingAmber Rudd,who had resigned following theWindrush scandal.[46]In July 2018 she became the first minister to usesign languagein the House of Commons, to applause from all sides.[47]In March 2019, she was criticised in a newspaper article byMaya Forstater,who claimed she had not answered toMumsnetusers' satisfaction questions on sex and gender during a webchat held onInternational Women's Day.[48]

Secretary of State for Defence: 2019[edit]

Mordaunt in 2019

On 1 May 2019, Mordaunt was appointed as the first femaleSecretary of State for Defencefollowing the dismissal ofGavin Williamson.[49]AfterBoris Johnsonwas elected Conservative Leader and appointed Prime Minister, he sacked Mordaunt as Defence Secretary, thus she left theGovernmenton 24 July 2019.[50]Mordaunt had been a prominent supporter of Johnson's opponent,Jeremy Hunt,in the2019 Conservative Party leadership election.[51][52]

Re-entry into Government[edit]

Ina cabinet reshuffle in February 2020,Mordaunt re-entered the Government, joining theCabinet OfficeasPaymaster Generalin succession toOliver Dowden.[53]She was the UK alternate co-chair of theEU Withdrawal Agreement Joint Committee.[54]She was appointedMinister of State for Trade Policyin the2021 cabinet reshuffle.[55]Lord Frostwas critical of her time as his deputy in theBrexitnegotiations,saying he had "grave reservations" about her being Prime Minister and that "she did not master the detail that was necessary when we were in negotiations".[56][57]

Leader of the House of Commons: 2022–2024[edit]

Mordaunt, as Lord President of the Council, arriving at theAccession CouncilofKing Charles III

On 6 September 2022, Mordaunt was appointedLeader of the House of CommonsandLord President of the Council.Four days later, as Lord President of the Council, she presided over theAccession Council ceremonyofKing Charles III.[58]During a debate in the House of Commons, Mordaunt deputised forLiz Trussto receive questions fromLeader of the Labour PartySir Keir Starmer.After Truss resigned and was succeeded byRishi Sunaka month later, Mordaunt remained Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council.

On 6 May 2023, Mordaunt participated in thecoronation of Charles III and Camilla,presenting theJewelled Sword of Offering,in her ceremonial role asLord President of the Privy Councilandbearerof theSword of State.[59]She became the first woman ever to fulfil the role. Instead of the traditional court dress,[60]Mordaunt commissioned her outfit, which included teal-shade cape dress and headpiece both embroidered with golden ferns.[61]Mordaunt's outfit and overall performance in carrying the heavy Sword of State went viral online,[62]receiving praise from both benches of the Parliament.[63]Mordaunt attributed her strength to her previous navy training,[64]while disclosing that she took painkillers before the ceremony.[65]

During the2024 general electionMordaunt attended a BBC debate hosted byMishal Husainwhich took place on 7 June, and also includedNigel Farage,Carla Denyer,Rhun ap Iorwerth,Daisy Cooper,Stephen FlynnandAngela Rayner.[66]The debate included exchanges between Mordaunt and Rayner over Labour's tax plans, and all the attendees criticised Sunak leaving the D-Day events early; Mordaunt said Sunak's choice to leave prematurely had been "completely wrong."[67][68]Another debate between these leaders took place on 13 June, withJulie Etchinghamas moderator.[69]The debate included further exchanges between Mordaunt and Rayner over Labour's tax plans.[70]

Conservative Leadership bids[edit]

July–September 2022[edit]

For broader coverage of this topic, seeJuly–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election § Campaign.
Mordaunt's 2022 leadership logo

In July 2022, following the resignation ofBoris Johnsonduring theJuly 2022 government crisis,Mordaunt launched her bid to be the next Conservative Leader and consequently UK Prime Minister.[71][72]An early promotional video published by her campaign attracted criticism for featuring footage of former professionalsprinterOscar Pistorius,who murdered his girlfriendReeva Steenkampin 2013.[72][73][74]AthleteJonnie Peacockrequested to be removed from the same video published by her campaign.[75][76]Mordaunt's campaign edited the video to remove footage of Peacock and Pistorius,[73]and later issued a third edition of the video with a short clip of the murdered Labour MPJo Coxremoved, following a request from Cox's family.[77]

In 2018, Mordaunt, the then Women and Equalities Minister, told MPs that "trans men are men, trans women are women" at the launch of a consultation on reforming the Gender Recognition Act.[78]Several Conservative activists criticised Mordaunt "for her pro-trans stance" according to reports by theDaily Telegraphpublished on 8 July 2022 the day afterBoris Johnson's resignation as Conservative party leader.[79]On the following day, shortly before she launched her bid for the leadership of the Conservative party, Mordaunt responded to the question "Do I know what a woman is?" by writing on Twitter: "I am biologically a woman. If I have a hysterectomy or mastectomy, I am still a woman. And I am legally a woman. Some people born male and who have been through the gender recognition process are also legally female. That DOES NOT mean they are biological women, like me."[80]The Spectatornoted Mordaunt's earlier stance on trans issues, and was critical of what it called her "cowardice" in changing her publicly stated views, being "willing to toss them overboard at her earliest convenience" during her leadership campaign.[81][82]The Timesdescribed her as a "socially liberal Brexiteer".[83]

Mordaunt was one of eight contenders who achieved the necessary 20 nominations by 12 July deadline. Three other candidates had to drop out earlier that day.[84]On 20 July, Mordaunt was eliminated from the fifth round of the leadership competition after failing to secure sufficient support from Conservative MPs.[71]On 1 August 2022, Mordaunt declared her support forLiz Trussin the final round of the leadership contest.[85]

October 2022[edit]

Mordaunt meeting withRishi Sunak

Following the resignation of Truss during theOctober 2022 government crisis,Mordaunt declared she would seek nomination in theensuing Conservative Party leadership election.However, after only 27 MPs publicly backed her nomination, she pulled out of the election, allowingRishi Sunakto become Leader unopposed. She tweeted her withdrawal two minutes before the 2pm deadline on 24 October, by which candidates needed to have 100 nominations, and then issued a statement. Mordaunt was later re-appointed to her role by Sunak.[86][87]

Military service[edit]

Mordaunt was a member of theRoyal Naval Reservefrom 2010 until 2019.[1]From 2010 until 2015, she served as anacting sub-lieutenant(asubordinate officerwithout a commission), and was based atshore establishmentHMSKing AlfredonWhale Island,Portsmouth.[88][89]In May 2015 she was placed onto Reserve 'List 6',[1]a category for personnel unable to meet any training commitment in excess of a year;[90]she had "no annual training commitment and received no remuneration" from the Royal Navy during this time.[1]She remained on List 6 until April 2019, at which point she left the RNR.[1]Mordaunt was granted thehonorary rankofcommanderin April 2019,[91]and then promoted to honorarycaptainRNRon 30 June 2021.[92]

Views and activities[edit]

Splash!appearance[edit]

In 2014, Mordaunt appeared on reality television programmeSplash!.Although her Labour opponents criticised the media appearance, questioning whether her focus should instead have been on her constituency work,[93]Mordaunt stated that the response was overwhelmingly positive and defended her appearance,[94]stating that she was donating all of her £10,000 appearance fee plus any additional sponsorship to charity: £7,000 towards the renovation of her locallidoand the rest to four armed services charities.[95]

Brexit[edit]

In the2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum,Mordaunt supportedBrexit.[96]During the referendum campaign, Mordaunt said the United Kingdom did not have a veto toTurkeyjoining the European Union.[97]Given this is a provision of theTreaty on European Union,Mordaunt was accused of 'lying' over the matter.[98][99]When challenged about her claim, Mordaunt said: "There is a provision for a veto but we could not have used it becauseDavid Camerongave an undertaking that he would support their accession and having given that undertaking to aNATOcountry, he would not have been able to walk away. "[100]She reiterated her defence of her 2016 comments during her Conservative Party leadership campaign in July 2022.[100]

Northern Ireland[edit]

Mordaunt voted in favour of legalising same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland. She has said in the House of Commons that theNorthern Ireland protocolcreates unique disadvantages for Northern Ireland.[101]

Homeopathy[edit]

Mordaunt has often advocated that the BritishNational Health Serviceshould fund the availability ofhomeopathy.[102][103]In 2010, she signed a ParliamentaryEarly Day Motionthat claimed there was "overwhelming anecdotal evidence that homeopathy is effective" and called for the government to "maintain a policy of allowing health commissions to refer to homeopathic doctors and approved homeopaths".[102][104]

Muslim Council of Britain meeting[edit]

Since 2009, Labour, theConservative-Liberal Democrat coalitionand Conservative governments have maintained a policy of "non-engagement" with theMuslim Council of Britaindue to allegations the group does not represent the British Muslim community and claims that members of the council had made 'favourable' remarks about extremists in the past.[105][106]

As Paymaster General, Mordaunt met with the Secretary General of the MCB,Zara Mohammed,which Alan Mendoza of theHenry Jackson Societydescribed as "shocking". A Government spokesperson toldThe Jewish Chronicle:"The UK government has a long-standing policy of not engaging with the MCB and that has not changed."[105]

Royal yachts[edit]

In June 2020, Mordaunt produced a proposal for a pair of ships with the primary role of specialising in trade, research, and humanitarian work. The vessels were to be funded by private, research, commercial and charitable funds, in partnership with the UK'sOverseas Development Assistancebudget. The vessels could also be used as "cost effective and secure" accommodation for members of the royal family on visits, so would effectively be successor to theRoyal YachtBritanniawhich had been decommissioned in 1997. Mordaunt said of it, “We know that industry would also support as would a growing coalition of commercial and trade ventures, research organisations, shipbuilders and ship support companies, maritime training organisations and medical and health projects”. The director of the Global Britain Programme at theHenry Jackson Society,said: "These new ships will help project Britain's image around the world".[107]

Vandalism of War Memorials[edit]

In June 2020, in response to vandalism ofwar memorials,Mordaunt stated: "I would like to suggest that for some found guilty of vandalising such memorials they might benefit from some time spent with our service personnel – perhaps at abattle camp.That might give them a new appreciation of just what these people go through for their sakes. "[108]

Personal life[edit]

Mordaunt has been a member of theBritish Astronomical Association,[109][110]and, as of 2013,was chair of theWymering ManorTrust in Portsmouth.[111]She ran the League of Friends visiting team at theQueen Alexandra HospitalinPortsmouthfor eight years.[8]Mordaunt met Paul Murray when they were both students at theUniversity of Readingand married him in 1999, but that ended in divorce the following year.[112][113]In 2016, she ended a long-term relationship with businessman Ian Lyon, a part-time classical singer.[114][115]Mordaunt's hobbies includeastronomy,painting, dance and music.[116][4][8]She owns fourBurmese cats.[117]Following theRussian invasion of Ukraine,she took a Ukrainian refugee into her home.[118]In July 2022,Hampshire Policesaid they were investigating death threats sent to Mordaunt. She strengthened her security after a letter was sent to her constituency office threatening to shoot a bullet in her head and kill all her family.[119][120]

Decorations[edit]

Publications[edit]

  • Greater: Britain After the Storm(with Chris Lewis, 2021)ISBN9781785906091

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