Pentagastrin

Pentagastrin
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
ATC code	V04CG04(WHO);
Pharmacokineticdata
Eliminationhalf-life	10 minutes or less
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-β-alanyl-L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninamide;
CAS Number	5534-95-2;
PubChemCID	9853654;
IUPHAR/BPS	870;
DrugBank	DB00183;
ChemSpider	8029364;
UNII	EF0NX91490;
KEGG	D01631;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1328;
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)	DTXSID3048992;
ECHA InfoCard	100.024.445
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C37H49N7O9S
Molar mass	767.90g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(N)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCNC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)Cc2c1ccccc1[nH]c2)CCSC)CC(=O)O)Cc3ccccc3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C37H49N7O9S/c1-37(2,3)53-36(52)39-16-14-30(45)41-28(19-23-21-40-25-13-9-8-12-24(23)25)34(50)42-26(15-17-54-4)33(49)44-29(20-31(46)47)35(51)43-27(32(38)48)18-22-10-6-5-7-11-22/h5-13,21,26-29,40H,14-20H2,1-4H3,(H2,38,48)(H,39,52)(H,41,45)(H,42,50)(H,43,51)(H,44,49)(H,46,47)/t26-,27-,28-,29-/m0/s1; Key:NEYNJQRKHLUJRU-DZUOILHNSA-N;
	(verify)

Pentagastrin(trade namePeptavlon) is a syntheticpolypeptidethat has effects likegastrinwhen givenparenterally.^[2]It stimulates thesecretionofgastric acid,pepsin,andintrinsic factor,and has been used as adiagnosticaid as thepentagastrin-stimulated calcitonin test.

Pentagastrin binds to thecholecystokinin-B receptor, which is expressed widely in the brain. Activation of these receptors activates thephospholipase Csecond messenger system. When givenintravenouslyit may causepanicattacks.^[3]

Pentagastrin'sIUPACchemical name is "N-((1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)-beta-alanyl-L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninamide".

Pentagastrin stimulation test

Pentagastrin is also used as a stimulation test to elevate of several hormones, such asserotonin.It provokes flushing and is useful in evaluating patients who describe flushing, but have normal or only marginally elevated biochemical markers forcarcinoid syndrome.^{[citation needed]}

It has been used to stimulate ectopic gastric mucosa for the detection ofMeckels diverticulumbynuclear medicine.^{[citation needed]}

Calcitonin test

Thepentagastrin-stimulated calcitonin testis a diagnostic test formedullary carcinoma of the thyroid(MTC). MTC is a malignancy of thecalcitonin-secreting cells of thethyroid gland,and thus MTC is commonly associated with an elevated calcitonin level, but an elevated level may not always be obvious. The pentagastrin-stimulated calcitonin test is useful in cases of suspected MTC that are not associated with elevated calcitonin. In these patients, injecting pentagastrin will cause calcitonin levels to rise significantly above the normal or basal range.^[4]After a totalthyroidectomyformedullary thyroid carcinoma,the pentagastrin-stimulatedcalcitoninrelease can be used to detect residualparafollicular C-cells.

References

^Martindale (1993).The extra pharmacopoeia(30th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press.ISBN 978-0853693000.
^Braganza JM, Herman K, Hine P, Kay G (April 1979)."The effect of pentagastrin (I.C.I. 50, 123) on peptic secretion in man".The Journal of Physiology.289:9–16.doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012721.PMC1281354.PMID 379305.
^van Megen HJ, Westenberg HG, den Boer JA, Haigh JR, Traub M (April 1994). "Pentagastrin induced panic attacks: enhanced sensitivity in panic disorder patients".Psychopharmacology.114(3): 449–55.doi:10.1007/bf02249335.PMID 7855203.S2CID 1565309.
^Barbot N, Calmettes C, Schuffenecker I, Saint-André JP, Franc B, Rohmer V, et al. (January 1994). "Pentagastrin stimulation test and early diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma using an immunoradiometric assay of calcitonin: comparison with genetic screening in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma".The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.78(1): 114–20.doi:10.1210/jcem.78.1.7904611.PMID 7904611.

[1] Martindale (1993).The extra pharmacopoeia(30th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press.ISBN 978-0853693000.

[2] Braganza JM, Herman K, Hine P, Kay G (April 1979)."The effect of pentagastrin (I.C.I. 50, 123) on peptic secretion in man".The Journal of Physiology.289:9–16.doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012721.PMC1281354.PMID 379305.

[3] van Megen HJ, Westenberg HG, den Boer JA, Haigh JR, Traub M (April 1994). "Pentagastrin induced panic attacks: enhanced sensitivity in panic disorder patients".Psychopharmacology.114(3): 449–55.doi:10.1007/bf02249335.PMID 7855203.S2CID 1565309.

[4] Barbot N, Calmettes C, Schuffenecker I, Saint-André JP, Franc B, Rohmer V, et al. (January 1994). "Pentagastrin stimulation test and early diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma using an immunoradiometric assay of calcitonin: comparison with genetic screening in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma".The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.78(1): 114–20.doi:10.1210/jcem.78.1.7904611.PMID 7904611.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Pentagastrin stimulation test

Calcitonin test

See also

References