Phidippus
| Phidippus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Phidippus audaxshows green chelicerae | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Phidippus C. L. Koch,1846[1] |
| Type species | |
| Attus audax | |
| Species | |
Phidippusis a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders).[1]Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent greenchelicerae.Phidippusis distributed almost exclusively inNorth America,with the exception of two exported species (Phidippus audaxandPhidippus regius).[2]As of January 2021[update],there were about 80 described species in the genus.[1]Species previously described inPhidippuswhich are found inIndiaandBangladeshdo not belong in this genus.[2]
Name
[edit]The genus name is likely derived fromCicero's speechPro Rege Deiotaro(Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to KingDeiotaros.[3]Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" inAncient Greek.[4]
Species
[edit]As of January 2021[update],theWorld Spider Catalogaccepted the following species:[1]
- Phidippus adonisEdwards,2004–Mexico
- Phidippus adumbratusGertsch,1934– United States
- Phidippus aeneidensTaczanowski, 1878– Peru
- Phidippus albocinctusCaporiacco, 1947– Guyana
- Phidippus amansEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus albulatusF. O. P-Cambridge,1901– Mexico
- Phidippus apacheanusChamberlin& Gertsch, 1929– United States, Mexico,Cuba
- Phidippus ardensPeckham & Peckham,1901– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus arizonensis(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus asotusChamberlin &Ivie,1933– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus audax(Hentz,1845)– North America, introduced inHawaii,Nicobar Islands
- Phidippus aureusEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus bengalensisTikader, 1977– India
- Phidippus bhimrakshitiGajbe, 2004– India
- Phidippus bidentatusF. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901– United States toCosta Rica
- Phidippus birabeniMello-Leitão, 1944– Argentina
- Phidippus boeiEdwards, 2004– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus borealisBanks, 1895– United States,Canada,Alaska
- Phidippus calcuttaensisBiswas, 1984– India
- Phidippus californicusPeckham & Peckham, 1901– North America
- Phidippus cardinalis(Hentz, 1845)– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus carneusPeckham & Peckham, 1896– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus carolinensisPeckham & Peckham, 1909– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus cerberusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus clarusKeyserling,1885– North America
- Phidippus comatusPeckham & Peckham, 1901– North America
- Phidippus concinnusGertsch, 1934– United States
- Phidippus cruentusF. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901– Mexico
- Phidippus cryptusEdwards, 2004– United States, Canada
- Phidippus dianthusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus exlineaeCaporiacco, 1955– Venezuela
- Phidippus felinusEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus georgiiPeckham & Peckham, 1896– Mexico toEl Salvador
- Phidippus guianensisCaporiacco, 1947– Guyana
- Phidippus hingstoniMello-Leitão, 1948– Guyana
- Phidippus insignariusC. L. Koch, 1846– United States
- Phidippus johnsoni(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)– North America
- Phidippus kastoniEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus khandalaensisTikader, 1977– India
- Phidippus lynceusEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus maddisoniEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus majumderiBiswas, 1999– Bangladesh
- Phidippus mimicusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus morpheusEdwards, 2004– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus mystaceus(Hentz, 1846)– United States
- Phidippus nikitesChamberlin & Ivie, 1935– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus octopunctatus(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus olympusEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus otiosus(Hentz, 1846)– United States
- Phidippus pacosauritusEdwards, 2020– Mexico
- Phidippus phoenixEdwards, 2004– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus piusScheffer, 1905– United States to Costa Rica
- Phidippus pompatusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus princeps(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)– United States, Canada
- Phidippus pruinosusPeckham & Peckham, 1909– United States
- Phidippus punjabensisTikader, 1974– India
- Phidippus purpuratusKeyserling, 1885– United States, Canada
- Phidippus putnami(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)– United States
- Phidippus regiusC. L. Koch, 1846(United States, West Indies,Easter Island– introduced)
- Phidippus richmaniEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus tenuis(Kraus, 1955)– El Salvador
- Phidippus texanusBanks, 1906– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus tigrisEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus tirapensisBiswas & Biswas, 2006– India
- Phidippus toroEdwards, 1978– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus tuxPinter, 1970– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus tyrannusEdwards, 2004– United States, Mexico
- Phidippus tyrrelliPeckham & Peckham, 1901– North America
- Phidippus ursulusEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus venusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
- Phidippus vexansEdwards, 2004– United States
- Phidippus whitmaniPeckham & Peckham, 1909– United States, Canada
- Phidippus workmaniPeckham & Peckham, 1901– United States
- Phidippus yashodharaeTikader, 1977– India (Andaman Is.)
- Phidippus zebrinusMello-Leitão, 1945– Argentina
- Phidippus zethusEdwards, 2004– Mexico
Misplaced species
[edit]In addition to the species above, several species have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera.[2]These include:
- Phidippus aeneidensTaczanowski, 1878– Peru
- Phidippus albocinctusCaporiacco, 1947– Guyana
- Phidippus bengalensisTikader, 1977– India
- Phidippus bhimrakshitiGajbe, 2004– India
- Phidippus birabeniMello-Leitão, 1944– Argentina
- Phidippus calcuttaensisBiswas, 1984– India
- Phidippus exlineaeCaporiacco, 1955– Venezuela
- Phidippus guianensisCaporiacco, 1947– Guyana
- Phidippus hingstoniMello-Leitão, 1948– Guyana
- Phidippus khandalaensisTikader, 1977– India
- Phidippus majumderiBiswas, 1999– Bangladesh
- Phidippus punjabensisTikader, 1974– India
- Phidippus tenuisKraus, 1955– El Salvador
- Phidippus tirapensisBiswas & Biswas, 2006– India
- Phidippus yashodharaeTikader, 1977– Andaman Is.
- Phidippus zebrinusMello-Leitão, 1945– Argentina
References
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Gardner, B.T.(1965): Observations on Three Species ofPhidippusJumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae).Psyche72:133-147PDF(P. californicus=P. coccineus,P. apacheanus,P. octopunctatus=P. opifex)
- Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P.E. and Roth, V.(editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual.American Arachnological SocietyISBN0-9771439-0-2
- Edwards, G.B.(2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genusPhidippus(Araneae: Salticidae).Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods11:i-viii, 1–156, 350 figs.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toPhidippus.
Videos
[edit]- David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding femalePhidippus audax–Video
- David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spiderPhidippus clarus–Video
Pictures
[edit]- "Bold Jumping Spider" -Phidippus audax
- Awesome Spiders:Photographs ofP. arizonensis
- Phidippus clarusdiagnostic photographs, male and female specimens
- Phidippus mystaceusphotographs, adult male specimen
- Phidippus princepsreference photographs
- Phidippus otiosusadult male specimen
- Catalog of genusPhidippus
- Pictures ofPhidippusspecies
- Picture ofPhidippusspecies(free for noncommercial use)