Polish wine

Bottles of Polish wine

Polish wine(Polish:Polskie wino)viticultureand origins have a history dating back to the nation's founding in the tenth century under thePiast dynasty.Like otherold world wineproducers, many traditional grape varieties still survive in Poland, perfectly suited to their local wine hills. The most popular varieties of grapes for the production ofred wineare Regent, Rondo,Pinot Noir,Maréchal Foch,Cabernet Cortis,Tryumf Alzacji,Cascade,andDornfelder.Forwhite wineproduction,Solaris,Riesling,Seyval Blanc,Pinot Gris,Johanniter, Jutrzenka, Hibernal, Aurora, Bianka,Traminer,and Siberia are mostly used.Following theSecond World War,most wineries were nationalized under thePolish People's Republiccommunistregime.After thecollapse of communismandreturn to capitalism,the market economy returned, international wine companies moved back in and a period of consolidation followed. Modern wine-production methods have taken over in the larger wineries, andEU-style wine regulationshave been adopted, guaranteeing the quality of the wine. Today, wine production in Poland is an industry with 151 officially registered wineries (2016/2017 season) to sell and produce grapetable winesinPolandas defined by the nationalwine lawsthat came into being in 2008 and were updated later on.

Some of the oldest wineries are Winnica Equus,Adoria Vineyards, Winnica Jaworek, Winnica Maria Anna, Winnica Płochockich, Winnica Stara Winna Góra, Winnica Miłosz, Winnica Wzgórza Trzebnickie. There exists a very lively winery andviticulturescene throughout the country with especially strong grouping in the regions near the city ofZielona Góraand in the west of the country,Wrocławin the south-west,Krakówin the south, thePodkarpacieregion andKazimierz Dolnyin south-east. There are also a few wineries in the "Northern Poland" wine region.Winnica Jura, a new project of establishing a 6 hectare organic vineyard, is currently underway nearKraków.

Scientists in theAmerican National Academy of Sciencesforesee significant global warming in the coming years. As a result, by 2050 Poland may have become a leading global wine producer.

History

Winery in Poland was introduced during the nationsfounding with Christianityand the first vineyards were cultivated by and wineries were established byBenedictineandCistercianmonks; however, wine at first was produced for religious purposes mainly.The fruitful time Polish winery was the fourteenth century, during which many wineries were operating mainly inSilesia,Zielona Góra,Poznań,Toruń,Płock,Sandomierz,LublinandKraków.Intensive development of wine making was in the age of enlightenment, when the viticulture and wine production were carried out in the Podole. BesidesVitis vinifera,hybrid varieties resistant to adverse climatic conditions were grown. After World War II, according to the authorities, two wine-growing regions were designated: the West (Zielona Góraregion andLower Silesia) and the Central (along thePilica river). Vineyards planted in the communistic economy, however, have begun to bear losses, and in the 1960s, it was focused on the production of fruit wines. The tradition of viticulture and winery has been reborn in the last ten years, resulting in development of small vineyards producing excellent wines for the local market.Poland is located in the zone of the continental climate, where there are also wine regions such asBurgundyand theLoire Valley,Rioja,Piedmontand most of the vineyards ofAustria,theCzech Republic,SlovakiaorRomania.

Wine growing regions in Poland

Winery inBączal Górny,Subcarpathian Voivodeship

• Lublin
• Lower Silesia
• Lesser Poland
• Subcarpathian Voivodeship

In the past, wine production was concentrated mainly insouthern Poland(Lublin, Lower Silesia,Lesser PolandandSubcarpathian Voivodeship); nowadays wine is produced all across the country.

See also

• Beer in Poland
• Mead in Poland
• Grzane wino
• Winemaking
• Agriculture in Poland

External links

• Media related toWines of Polandat Wikimedia Commons