Port Adelaide
Port Adelaide Yertabulti Adelaide,South Australia | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Clockwise, from top:Port Adelaide LighthouseandFishermen's Wharf Market,Hart's Mill,Port River Dolphin,Alberton Oval,Birkenhead Bridge,Wool Stores | |||||||||||||||
Coordinates | 34°50′46″S138°30′11″E/ 34.84611°S 138.50306°E | ||||||||||||||
Population | 1,338 (SAL2021)[1] | ||||||||||||||
Established | 1836 | ||||||||||||||
Postcode(s) | 5015 | ||||||||||||||
Location | 14 km (9 mi) fromAdelaide CBD | ||||||||||||||
LGA(s) | City of Port Adelaide Enfield | ||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | Port Adelaide[2] | ||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | Hindmarsh[3] | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
Footnotes | Adjoining suburbs[4] |
Port Adelaideis a port-side region ofAdelaide,approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of theAdelaide CBD.It is also the namesake of theCity of Port Adelaide Enfieldcouncil, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the mainportfor the city of Adelaide. Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades ofAdelaideandSouth Australia,with the port being early Adelaide's main supply and information link to the rest of the world. ItsKaurnaname, although not officially adopted as adual name,isYertabulti.
History
[edit]Prior toEuropean settlementPort Adelaide was covered withmangroveswamps and tidal mud flats, and lay next to a narrow creek.[5]At this time, it was inhabited by theKaurna people,who occupied theAdelaide Plains,theBarossa Valley,the western side of theFleurieu Peninsula,and northwards pastSnowtown.[6]The Kaurna people called the Port Adelaide area 'Yertabulti',[7][8]and the whole estuarine area of thePort River.[9]
The entrance to this creek, the Port River, was first reported by Europeans in 1831. It was explored by Europeans when Captain Henry Jones entered in 1834.[10]The creek's mainchannelwas then fed by numerous smaller creeks, and was 2–4 fathoms (4–7 m) deep.[11]The navigable channel was narrow and the creek soon faded into swamps and sandhills. At low tide the channel was surrounded by mudbanks.[12]Dry and solid land ended near present-dayAlberton.[13]
1836 – Deciding on Adelaide's Port
[edit]ColonelWilliam Lightbegan closely exploring the area in late 1836 while deciding on a site for the colony of South Australia's port.[14]After initial trepidation, he reported to the Colonisation Commissioners that the location was a suitable harbour. By this time it had acquired the name "the port creek".[15]Light's choice of separating the port andAdelaidewas strongly opposed by a few merchants, a newspaper and GovernorJohn Hindmarsh.This opposition was largely based on the distance between them. The division of power in the colony meant that the final decision was Light's alone. He kept Adelaide and the port separate principally due to the lack of fresh water at the port.[16]
1837 – Port Creek Settlement
[edit]The effective foundation day of Port Adelaide was 6 January 1837. On this day the firstharbourmaster,CaptainThomas Lipson(Royal Navy), took up residence with his family on the edge of Port Creek. The new port was used for shipping later that month, and passengers began disembarking the next. At this point the site was known asThe Port Creek Settlement.[17]
When founded, the port's land was just higher than the surrounding tidal flats; athigh tidethe port could be rowed around.[18]The port had a significant problem—reported in letters from Light and complaints to the Governor from ship owners—of a lack of a fresh water supply.[19]At first the river was not used for larger ships. They had to land atHoldfast Bayuntil the port was charted.[20]This early port was plagued bymosquitoes,was a comparative long distance from Adelaide, had few amenities and had a risk of inundation when the tide was very high. By 1840 it had acquired the name "Port Misery"; the name was widely used in news reports.[21][22]It was first coined in a book credited to T. Horton James, probably a pseudonym, and comes from a line stating:[23]
This is Port Adelaide! Port Misery would be a better name; for nothing in any other part of the world can surpass it in every thing that is wretched and inconvenient.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Port_Adelaide_1846.jpg/250px-Port_Adelaide_1846.jpg)
The original drawings of Adelaide City Plan by Light show that he envisaged a canal (sea communication) between Port Adelaide and the City of Adelaide. The canal was not built; it would have required a massive investment that was not available at the time. A plan of a proposed "Grand Junction Canal" between Adelaide and the North Arm, by engineerEdward Snellwas produced in 1851, with an exhibition of his "A Bird's Eye View of the Country Between Adelaide and the North Arm", showing the proposed canal.[24]
By early 1838, large vessels could only get as far as the end of Gawler Reach (near the currentBirkenhead Bridge). Arrivals had to use smaller boats, traverse the mangrove swamps at low tide and climb sandhills to reach the road to Adelaide.[25]Acanalfor the loading of sailing ships was constructed in 1838, and town acreages nearbysurveyedand sold. By the years end deficiencies of the canal were clear. The canal was dry for most of the day and cargo movement very slow.[26]Seagoing ships had to stop some distance from the settlement due to the mudbanks. Cargo and passengers covered the remaining distance in ships' boats. All had to traverse 2–300 m of swamps after landing to reach sandhills, and eventually the road to Adelaide.[27]The new port's first maritime casualty was the migrant shipTam O'Shanterthat ran aground on the outer sand bar. Later a small waterway in the port was named after the ship; the waterway later became the Port Adelaide Canal.[28]
1840 – 1860 Finalisation of wharf locations
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Port_Dock_excavations%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_South_Australia%2C_1879.jpeg/250px-Port_Dock_excavations%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_South_Australia%2C_1879.jpeg)
The port's initial location was intended to be temporary. The location for a proper port was chosen by GovernorGeorge Gawler,between the original settlement and the Governor's preferred location at the junction of the North Arm and the Port River. One reason for the chosen site was Gawler's instructions on leaving England to limit expenditure; the North Arm site would have required more transport infrastructure andreclamationwork.[29]Gawler awarded a tender allowing theSouth Australian Companyto construct a privatewharf,again partly to limit government expenditure. Along with the wharf they were to construct a warehouse and roadway. The roadway was to be a 100 feet (30 m) wide and run from the port to dry land, a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km). This first wharf was built near the end of the modern Commercial Road.[30]
The wharf, known as McLaren Wharf, was finished in 1840 and named afterDavid McLaren,company manager of the South Australian Company. McLaren Wharf was 336 feet (102 m) long and 15 feet (4.6 m) deep at low tide.[31]Contrary to usual practice, it was allowed to be built at the low water mark, which made construction simpler.[13]The wharf, warehouse and road were opened by Governor Gawler in October 1840. The opening procession from the old port to the new included over 1,000 people; then the largest assembly of colonists to date. The procession included 600 horsemen and 450 vehicles, almost all of the colony's wheeled transportation.[18]At the opening a parcel was ceremonially landed from thebarqueGuiana.[32]Upon opening, the port could accommodate vessels up to 530 long tons (539 t).[21]In May 1841John Hillbecame the original holder of the land grant for all the land south of St Vincent Street, reaching to Tam O'Shanter Creek (later the Port Canal), comprising 134 acres and known as Section 2112.[33]Much of this land was a tidal mangrove swamp, being reclaimed by successive owners over many decades.
During reclamation work, the ground level was raised by approximately 9 feet (3 m), with mud and silt fromdredgingwork.[5]Early houses had their ground floors below the now raised ground level; some had steps built down from road level. The Port Admiral Hotel's original ground floor now forms part of its basement. The last major reclamation was of the Glanville Reserve in 1892.[34]
By the mid-1840s, with increasing trade, the wharves proved insufficient and some more private wharves were constructed.[31]During the late 1850s the state of the dry and dusty plain, between Adelaide and Port Adelaide, led to the pejorative terms "Dustholia" and "Mudholia" in summer and winter.[35]
1860 to 1970 – Port Adelaide's heyday
[edit]In 1874 the Port Adelaide Institute began construction of its new headquarters which opened to much fanfare two years later providing the organisation a place to house a library and provide a reading room, museum, lecture hall and classrooms for the area.[36]
Gasstreet lightingwas erected by the local council in 1881. The town received its first electric lighting in January 1889, lit with the colony's first town supply from a powerhouse in Nile Street.[37]By 1876 it was estimated that there were 5,000 living in 500 houses. More measured figures were 3,013 residents recorded in the 1881 census and 5005—living in approximately 1000 houses—recorded in the 1891 census.[38]By 1911 the port was the State's second largest city and had a population over half that of Adelaide city.[5]
Due to the presence of the Jewish community at the time the east side of Todd Street became known colloquially as "Jerusalem" or "Little Jerusalem".[39][40]Beginning in the 1880s a strong Scandinavian community lived in Port Adelaide largely due to their affiliation with sea-faring trades.[41]In 1883 the Port Adelaide Caledonian Society was founded and continues to this day.[42]In the 1880s during Christmas Chinese lanterns were hung around Port Adelaide.[43]
During the rest of the 1800s harbour facilities expanded and the town grew. It gained an impressive range of commercial and institutional buildings. Many have survived, resulting in Port Adelaide having one of the best concentrations ofcolonial buildingsin South Australia. Their significance was recognised in May 1982, when a sizeable part of the town centre was declared a State Heritage Area.[44]
The construction of theOuter Harbortook place at the beginning of the 20th century, accommodating larger ships and reducing the time needed to sail up the Port River to the inner harbour.[45]In the 1920s and 1930s the first wharf was removed or disappeared[13]and the Port Adelaide wharves underwent a significant reconstruction programme, changing the face of the inner harbour's waterfront.
1970–2010 – Economic slowdown
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Aerial_view_of_KMart_shopping_centre%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_1986.jpg/250px-Aerial_view_of_KMart_shopping_centre%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_1986.jpg)
The introduction ofcontainerisationin the 1960s had a major impact on the Port, changing cargo handling methods and significantly reducing the size of the local workforce.
Compounding the effect of a declining workforce on business activity, competition for shoppers arrived in the form of regional shopping centres. Up until the 1960s the Port had been second only to Adelaide as a shopping and commercial precinct. The opening of shopping centres in nearby suburbs led to a general decline in retail turnover.[46]Activity in the suburb has declined significantly from its heyday, leaving parts empty and derelict. Historic buildings were closed and sometimesvandalised,shops in the main streets were left empty and boarded up.
Redevelopment of the waterfront was first publicly discussed in 1975. Over the following years, plans and costs were proposed and discussed but most lapsed without action.
By 2002, the "Newport Quays" consortium was the government's preferred bidder for a $1.2 billion project to cover 51 hectares (130 acres) of under used land.[47]The development was unveiled in 2003 and land sales began two years later. This development was stated to be worth $1.5 billion and would comprise 2000 homes, construction of which would create 4000 jobs.
In 2004 Premier Mike Rann announced that a dolphin sanctuary would be established in the Port River and Barker Inlet covering 118 square kilometres, the first "urban" dolphin sanctuary in the world. In 2005 theAdelaide Dolphin Sanctuary Actwas enacted.[48]
By 2006 Newport Quays was being criticised for its poor planning for a residential development,[49]criticism that continued with each stage of the project. By early 2007, two stages of the now $2 billion development were under construction, or nearing completion, and the third's plans submitted; The plans included provision for a 100-berthmarinaand one building built over the water.[50]By 2008 reports showed the resale value of some properties in the developments were under the initial cost. The local council estimated that less than half of finished properties were occupied.[51]
In October 2009 it was named, by theNational Trust of Australia,as one of the country's most at risk heritage sites. A lack of people living in, and travelling to, Port Adelaide is seen as the major cause of this decline.[52]
2010 – present – Port Adelaide renaissance
[edit]In February 2010 Premier Mike Rann opened the $400 million Techport naval construction hub atOsborne(next to theAustralian Submarine Corporation's facility) to underpin the development of the Navy's $8 billionAir Warfare Destroyerprogram and other naval construction projects. Techport features the largest ship lift in the Southern Hemisphere.
In 2015–16 Quest Hotel Consortium built a $25 million apartment building on the corner of McLaren Wharf and the Birkenhead Bridge.[53]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Port_Adelaide_Plaza_Night.jpg/250px-Port_Adelaide_Plaza_Night.jpg)
In 2016 it was announced that Starfish Developments and Cedar Woods had won tenders to develop 23ha of vacant waterfront land in the inner Port Adelaide harbour with total investment exceeding $1 billion.[54]The development was later renamed Fletcher's Slip after a nearby historic landmark.[55]In 2016 the Federal Government announced that DCNS had won the tender to build 12 submarines for the Royal Australian Navy in a $50 billion deal, with construction taking place in Port Adelaide.[54]In 2016 the South Australian State Government indicated it is interested in re-establishing the tram network from theCityto Port Adelaide, with links toOuter HarborandSemaphore.[56]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Port_Adelaide%2C_Commercial_Road%2C_Restaurants%2C_12_September_2019.jpg/250px-Port_Adelaide%2C_Commercial_Road%2C_Restaurants%2C_12_September_2019.jpg)
In 2017 developer EPC Pacific began construction of a $38 million office tower on Nelson Street in Port Adelaide that will house public servants.[57]In 2021 this building was purchased by Centuria for $63 million.[58]In 2017 the Port Admiral Hotel was reopened after a $1m redevelopment. It is one of the oldest buildings in Port Adelaide built in 1849. In 2017 Daniella Guevera fromMexico Cityopened La Popular Taqueria in Port Adelaide.[59]
In 2018, Pirate Life Breweries announced it would be relocating in Port Adelaide into a $15m refurbished warehouse.[60]In 2018,Precision Groupbegan the redevelopment of the Port Canal Shopping Centre asPort Adelaide Plaza.[61]
In 2019, The Banksia Tree Cafe and Corner Store opened on the site of the Brunswick Pier Hotel.[62]
In January 2020 the first instance of a house to selling for $1 million in the suburb of Port Adelaide was recorded.[63]In 2020, the first residents moved in to new townhomes constructed as part of Starfish's Dock One development. Once completed, Dock One will comprise approximately 650 new homes.[64]In 2020 the Port Adelaide Pirates Soccer Club moved to their new home on the Peninsula after $9.2 million in investments for the Taperoo sports complex.[65]
In 2021 the Newmarket Hotel in Port Adelaide was purchased for $4 million.[66]
Heritage buildings
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Lipton_Street%2C_Port_Adelaide.jpg/250px-Lipton_Street%2C_Port_Adelaide.jpg)
Port Adelaide is known for its well preserved 19th-century pubs and hotels, reflecting the area's maritime history in catering to the sailors of trading ships.
Streetscapes
[edit]During the rest of the 1800s harbour facilities expanded and the town grew. It gained an impressive range of commercial and institutional buildings. Many have survived, resulting in Port Adelaide having one of the best concentrations ofcolonial buildingsin South Australia. Their significance was recognised in May 1982, when a sizeable part of the town centre was declared a State Heritage Area.[44]
ProminentSouth AustralianarchitectF. Kenneth Milnedesigned a woolstore forGoldsbrough Mort & Cosometime before 1929.[67]
Town Hall
[edit]The Port Adelaide Enfield Council Offices building, designed byChristopher Arthur Smithand built as Port Adelaide Town Hall in 1939,[68]washeritage-listedon theSouth Australian Heritage Registeron 24 July 1980.[69]
Pubs and hotels
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a2/Peter_Sagan%2C_Port_Admiral_Hotel%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_2018%2C_16_Jan.png/250px-Peter_Sagan%2C_Port_Admiral_Hotel%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_2018%2C_16_Jan.png)
The earliest recorded was the Port Hotel. It opened in 1838, two years before the port was officially declared.[70]Three years later the First Commercial Inn opened. It has the longest licensing history in the suburb, though discontinuous. It did not trade for 12 years following a fire in 1857.[71]
The British hotel is the longest continually licensed. It opened 1847 as a single storey building, and was rebuilt with two further storeys in 1876 for then-ownerHenry Ayers.TheSouth Australian Brewing Companyacquired it in 1937. It was known from c. 1907–1952 as "McGraths British Hotel".[72]Dockside Tavern is one of the fewLate Victorianstyle buildings remaining in the Port. It was opened as the Britannia Hotel in 1850 then was rebuilt on site in 1898, in contemporary style. It was renamed as the Dockside Tavern in 2002.[37]The Golden Port Tavern is on the corner of Vincent and Robe Streets. On this site theCarpenters' ArmsTavern opened in late 1850. The Arms burned down in 1865 and was replaced with the current hotel, then known as The Globe. The hotel's name was changed to the current one in 1981.[73]
Black Diamond Square—named after the Black Diamond Hotel—is the main intersection of Port Adelaide, at the north end of Commercial Road. The hotel was designed by Adelaide architect William Wier. It opened as the White Horse Cellars Inn in 1851, with an integral 600 seat theatre. Parts of the building were used for an earlyfreemasonhall, library and the Port Adelaide Institute. It was renamed as the Family Hotel in 1876, then as the Black Diamond Hotel c. 1878. This last name came from the Black Diamond Line shipping company. From 1866 to 1883 Cannon brand beer wasbrewedin the hotel. The building was converted to retail shops in 1884 and the Central Hotel erected on the south side.[74]
Port Dock Brewery hotel won business awards as best hotel and restaurant in 2001. It was built in 1855 and opened as the Dock Hotel. The current building structure results from an 1883 rebuild, with stone fromDry CreeknearYatala Labour Prison.The Hotel lost its licence in 1909, after a 1906 Opinion Vote. The building was renovated, part of it converted into a small brewery, and reopened as a hotel in 1986.[75]Railway Hotel opened in 1856 opposite the newPort Adelaide railway station,a month before the line to Adelaide was opened. The hotel retains many original features includingleadlightwindows and an 1890s glassfanlight.[76]
List of hotels and pubs in Port Adelaide[77] | |
---|---|
Port Admiral Hotel | 1849 |
Birkenhead Riverview Tavern | 1877 |
The British Hotel | 1847 |
Dockside Tavern | 1850 |
First Commercial Inn | 1841 |
The Lighthouse Hotel | 1857 |
Newmarket Hotel | 1879 |
Port Anchor Hotel | 1873 |
Port Dock Brewery Hotel | 1855 |
Railway Hotel | 1856 |
Royal Arms Hotel | 1878 |
Two six-room houses were built on the corner of Cannon Street and Church Place in 1873. They were converted into a single building and opened as the Kent Hotel in 1875. The building's exterior was restyled inArt Decofashion in the 1940s and the interior of the hotel completely renovated in the 1990s. It is now known as the Port Anchor Hotel.[78]
Brunswick Pier Hotel was on the corner of Vincent and Robe Streets. It opened in 1878 in what had been abutcher's shop. The hotel lost its licence in 1909, along with other hotels, after an opinion poll resulted in a reduction of the number of licences. After this the building was used as a furniture shop and a butcher's shop. During the 1920s it became apharmacyspecialising in photographic materials and "Kirby's Calcarea Teething Powders". Medical suites were leased upstairs. It was bought by Birks Chemists in 1946, and remained a pharmacy until 1996. From then to at least 2001 the building was vacant.[79]
On the corner of Dale street is a building that was opened by the Port Adelaide Market Company in 1879, divided into shops, offices and stalls. Part of the building was later adapted to make a 17-room hotel, the Newmarket.[80]Colac Hotel, on Ocean Steamer's Road, opened in 1881. It was built opposite the then No. 1 Dock, alongside the 1879 extension to the South Australian Company basin. The hotel has had strong ties to both theAustralian Labor Partyand the union movement. Both former Prime MinisterBob Hawkeand local Member of ParliamentMick Youngused to talk to workers at the pub. Mick Young owned the pub from 1988 to 1990 and as of 2002 it was owned by the Labor Party.[81]
From 1838 to 1906, sixty differently named hotels had been run on 38 different sites within Port Adelaide.[70]A local opinion poll was held in Port Adelaide and other Adelaide districts in February 1906, on the subject of liquor licensing. Port Adelaide voters supported theTemperanceParty's platform, reducing the number of licences by a third. Fifteen hotels and three wine licences expired on 25 March 1909 and were not renewed.[82]
Geography
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Port_Adelaide_aerial_view.jpg/250px-Port_Adelaide_aerial_view.jpg)
Port River
[edit]The Port River, known officially as the Port Adelaide river,[83][84]is home to a resident population ofbottlenose dolphins.The Port River's inner harbor near West Lakes and seaward from Lipson Reach feature dense stands ofGrey mangroveswhich provide habitat for hundreds of species of marine, avian and insect life.[85]The Port River is an important recruitment area for Blue swimmer crabs, Western king prawns and other commercially important species. The river also features established colonies of a wide variety of introduced marine organisms which originally arrived in South Australia in or on ships. Over 30 introduced marine species have so far been identified in the river.[86]
Port Adelaide is bound by the Port River and Inner Harbour to the north and west, and by Webb Street andGrand Junction Roadto the south. The main strip of Port Adelaide is along St Vincent Street, with a residential area to the south of the train station along Commercial Road and Webb Street. Recent residential development has occurred along the waterfront promenade.[citation needed]
Port Adelaide is atidalport, with severalshipping berthsalong the length of the estuary.[87]
Parks
[edit]Port Adelaide has many parks. The most recent is a $2 million refurbishment of the Hart's Mill precinct at Port Adelaide, opened in May 2014. Hart's Mill, Mundy Street, Port Adelaide SA 5015, Australia.[88]
Markets
[edit]Port Adelaide is home to various markets including the Torrens Island Food Market and theFishermen's Wharf Marketwhich is housed in Shed 1, the last remaining Wharf Shed in the inner Port Adelaide harbour. In December 2016 the Fisherman's Wharf Market building was scheduled to be demolished for the construction of apartments and a public plaza.[89]The Markets where closed in August/September 2022.[90][91]
Culture
[edit]Port Adelaide is traditionally a working class area which stemmed from the economic activity the wharves produced and the subsequent industry.
Progressive movements
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Port_Adelaide_Workers_Memorial%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_1_May_2021.jpeg/200px-Port_Adelaide_Workers_Memorial%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_1_May_2021.jpeg)
Port Adelaide has a long-standing tradition of social reform and progressive movements. Early examples are religious leaders seeking to reduce prostitution and alcoholism amongst wharf workers in the mid-1800s. Later examples are union movements that fought for better working conditions on the wharf and surrounding industries. Recently Port Adelaide has had a strong tradition of helping support local indigenous populations with Kura Yerlo Community Centre and other indigenous programs. The Port Adelaide Football Club assists to advance the lives of disadvantaged and discriminated indigenous peoples and youth. Significant people involved in these movements are often recognised on thePort Adelaide Workers Memorialat Black Diamond Corner.[92]In 2021 the South AustralianMay Day celebrationstook place in Port Adelaide.[93]
Art
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Porthole_Records%2C_Port_Art_Supplies%2C_Ripple_Studios%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_9_January_2016.jpeg/220px-Porthole_Records%2C_Port_Art_Supplies%2C_Ripple_Studios%2C_Port_Adelaide%2C_9_January_2016.jpeg)
ImpressionistpainterMortimer Menpeswas born, and grew up, in Port Adelaide where his father was a successful businessman.[94]Modernist painterMargaret Prestonwas born in Port Adelaide and spent the first 10 years of her life in the area whilst her father worked as a marine engineer.[95]The diverse subject matter in the Port Adelaide region has proved attractive to painters and artists such as John Giles.[96]During the 1940s John Giles would often be accompanied by friend and fellow artistJeffrey Smartwhilst working on Port Adelaide maritime paintings.[97]
The Port Adelaide Artists Forum organises events for local artists. Galleries in the area include the Black Diamond Gallery and Gallery Yampu. The Jackalope Studio Gallery serves as a working studio, a showcase for artists and photographers, framing studio and contains a large amount of purchasable art from Mexico.[98]
There are several public artworks in Port Adelaide, including Glow /Taltaityai,at the western end of Walter Morris Drive. Sculpted in 2009 by Michelle Nikou and Jason Milanovic, theglow-in-the-darksculptures[99]ofibisandemuare representations of theTjilbrukeKaurnaDreamingstory.[100]
The Wonderwalls Festival, which involves international artists using the buildings in the area forstreet art,attracts around 30,000 visitors to Port Adelaide.[101]
Music
[edit]The Hart's Mill precinct is home to various events and festivals such asAdelaide Guitar Festivalperformances.[102]The largest music festival in Port Adelaide isSt Jerome's Laneway Festival.[103]The Semaphore Music Festival also holds events in the flour shed at Hart's Mill.
The Waterside Workers Hall is a venue used for concerts as well as performance art and comedy. It is currently occupied byVitalstatistix.[104]
TheLargs Pier Hotelhad a history of hosting early Adelaide rock bands. Jimmy Barnes wrote a song after the pub and his experiences playing there.[105]The Port Adelaide region is home to some notable vinyl record stores such as Porthole Records and Mr V Music.[106][107]
Movies and Television
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Elder_Smith_%26_Co_wool_stores_%2814216505311%29.jpg/250px-Elder_Smith_%26_Co_wool_stores_%2814216505311%29.jpg)
Port Adelaide's diverse subject matter, maritime backdrop, historic, modern and industrial architecture has made it an attractive location for movie and television productions.[109]Examples of movies and television productions that have used Port Adelaide as a filming location includeMortal Kombat(2021),Escape from Pretoria(2020),Wolf Creek(2005),Gallipoli(1981),Bad Boy Bubby(1993),Never Too Late(2020),December Boys(2007),Boys in the Trees(2016),Anzac Girls(2014),Like Minds(2006),Oranges and Sunshine(2010),Cut(2000),Thunderstruck(2004),The Flip Side(2018),Heaven's Burning(1997),The Time Guardian(1987),Dance Me to My Song(1998),Black and White(2002),Look Both Ways(2005),Playing Beatie Bow(1986),Freedom(1982),Golden Fiddles(1991),Lust and Revence(1996),In a Savage Land(1999),Deck Dogz(2005),Fever(1989),Call Me Mr. Brown(1986),Working Class Boy(2018),Wrong Side of the Road(1981),Here I Am(2011),The New Adventures of Black Beauty(1992),Ebbtide(1994),Sebastian and the Sparrow(1988),The Life of Harry Dare(1995).[109]Youth on the March(2017),Who Killed Jenny Langby?(1974),The Hunter(2008).[110]
Sport
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PortAdelaide1914.jpg/250px-PortAdelaide1914.jpg)
Port Adelaide's strong sporting tradition and culture extend into other sports with most clubs using black and white along with the magpie as their club symbols.
Sporting clubs
[edit]- Port Adelaide Athletics Club(est. 1870)
- Port Adelaide Rowing Club (est. 1877)
- Port Adelaide Sailing Club (est. 1897)
- Port Adelaide Cricket Club(est. 1897)
- Port Adelaide Cycling Club (est. 1897)
- Port Adelaide Baseball Club(est. 1889)[112]
- Port Adelaide Pirates (Soccer)(est. 1903)
- Port Adelaide Bowling Club(est. 1903)
- Port Adelaide Rugby Union Club(est. 1933)
- Port Adelaide District Hockey Club (est. 1934)
- Port Adelaide Tennis Club (est. 1973)
Port Adelaide Football Club
[edit]Port Adelaide is home to thePort Adelaide Football Club,anAustralian rules footballteam. Its headquarters and training facility and home ground forSouth Australian National Football League(SANFL) games isAlberton Oval.Founded in 1870, the club has competed in the SANFL from 1877 until 1996, and in theAustralian Football LeagueAFL since 1997. The club was awarded the second AFL licence in South Australia in doing so becoming the only pre-existing non-Victorian club to gain entry into the competition.[113]It had won 34 SANFL Premierships before its move to the AFL. The club is still represented by its reserves team in the SANFL.
Governance and politics
[edit]Local governance
[edit]The office of theCity of Port Adelaide Enfieldis in the Council Chambers in St Vincent Street. The Council area is divided into seven wards that span across 51 suburbs[114]and the Mayor as of July 2021[update]is Claire Boan.[115]
State politics
[edit]Port Adelaide is the namesake of its state electorate and its current elected representative isSusan Close(Labor).[116]
Federal politics
[edit]Up until 2019, Port Adelaide was the namesake of its federal electorate; however, the suburb of Port Adelaide is now under the electorate ofHindmarshand the current elected representative isMark Butler(Labor).[117]
Educational facilities
[edit]Tauondi Aboriginal Collegeis located at 1 Lipson Street.[118]
Museums
[edit]National Railway Museum
[edit]A railway museum was created by rail preservationists, and opened in 1963 on Railway Terrace,Mile End.The mostly outdoor exhibits remained on this site until 1988; during this period the457 mm(18 in)gaugesteam train known as Bub was built. Involvement of theHistory Trust of South Australiaand receipt of a $2 millionAustralian BicentennialCommemorative Grant enabled the museum's relocation to Port Adelaide in 1988. On 10 December of that year the Port Dock Railway Museum was opened by State PremierJohn Bannon.[119]The museum was sited in the formerPort Dock railway station,and retained the "Port Dock" name until 2001 when it was renamed the National Railway Museum.[120]A significant change in 2001 was the opening of theCommonwealth Railwaysdisplay pavilion. It was built with the assistance of a grant received under the Federation Grant Scheme; a scheme that commemorated the hundredth anniversary of theFederation of Australia.The pavilion was officially opened in October by the HonorablePeter McGauran,then Federal Minister for the Arts and the Centenary of Federation.[121]
![Front oblique view of a black steamtrain with a blue-and-white number 409 on the front and a large shed visible behind](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/SAR_400_class_locomotive_no_409.jpg/250px-SAR_400_class_locomotive_no_409.jpg)
Visitors can ride in historic railway and custom-built narrow gauge carriages.Bub,a 457 mm steam locomotive, and Ken, a 457 mm diesel locomotive, take passengers on a loop track around the two main pavilions. Another 457 mm steam locomotive,Bill,is used for some of the year on a seafront rail line betweenSemaphoreandFort Glanville Conservation Park.[122][123]Peronne,anarrow gaugesteam locomotive, is used for further runs during special events. This locomotive was built in 1919 and used by Broken Hill Associated Smelters atPort Pirieuntil 1964.[122]
The museum is an independent entity, run byvolunteersand a small paid staff.[121]It has track and trains representing all three main rail gauges used in South Australia: broad (1,600 mm(5 ft 3 in)); standard (1,435 mm(4 ft8+1⁄2in)); and narrow (1,067 mm(3 ft 6 in)).[124]Locomotives and rail stock fill two large display pavilions, and are accompanied by other historic railway related displays. On site is theSouth Australian Heritage Registerlisted Port Dock Goods Shed, the last remaining building from the former railway station. It was built in the 1870s and showcases the wooden construction techniques used by theSouth Australian Railwaysin the 19th century.[125]The museum has a railway-related retail shop, hosts special events including an AnnualFriends of Thomasshow. The 1947 cafeteria car, or the entire site, can be hired.[126]
South Australian Maritime Museum
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/SA_Maritime_Museum.jpg/250px-SA_Maritime_Museum.jpg)
On Lipson Street, within a historic warehouse, is the South Australian Maritime Museum.[127]The Maritime Museum builds on the legacy of previous organisations including the Port Adelaide Institute. The Museum holds in trust, a collection that the Institute founded in 1872 and is now the oldest nautical collection in Australia.
City of Adelaideclipper
[edit]After a 14-year campaign theCity of AdelaidePreservation Trust was successful in its bid to return the historic 1864 clipperCity of Adelaidefrom Scotland to Port Adelaide, where she finally arrived in the inner harbour on 6 February 2014.[128][129][130]
TheCity of Adelaidehas a strong connection with South Australia, to which she made 23 voyages between 1864 and 1886, bringing an estimated 889 passengers who came to settle in South Australia.[131]
The clipper's hull is being temporarily stored on a barge moored in Dock 1 of the port's inner harbour for the next 6–12 months, until a permanent location is selected and prepared. A major celebration was planned for the ship's 150th anniversary, on 17 May 2014.[132]
South Australian Aviation Museum
[edit]The South Australian Aviation Museum is the State's official aviation museum. It is run by an independent non-profit voluntary organisation that is accredited by the History Trust of South Australia. The museum was formed in 1984 atGlenelgand relocated in 1986 to a former Port AdelaideFlourmill.It relocated again in 1996, to an aircrafthangaralso in Port Adelaide, and in January 2006 opened on its present site in Lipson Street, adjacent to the railway museum.[133]
In 1991 the State Historical Aviation Collection became part of the museum. This collection was formerly held by the National Motor Museum inBirdwood.A collection of rockets fromWoomerawas received for display in 1996.[133]Amongst the exhibits are a recently retiredLockheed AP-3C Orion,aGeneral Dynamics F-111Cand aGAF Mirage IIID,which was formerly the gate guard atRAAF Base Edinburgh.Older aircraft include aSpitfire Mark VCthat was recovered after crashing in Papua New Guinea in 1943, ade Havilland Sea Venomand aWestland Wessex HAS.31B,formerly from the aircraft carrierHMASMelbourneand aDouglas C-47B(Dakota) that was used for Government VIP transportation.[134]
Austbuilt Maritime Museum
[edit]The Austbuilt Maritime Museum, operated by the Port Adelaide Historical Society, is located on Fletcher Road, Peterhead. It houses an extensive collection of maritime memorabilia accumulated by the late Keith Le Leu, who famously bought the steam tugFearlessfor $1 in Brisbane in 1972 and steamed it to Adelaide. This vessel, currently owned by the South Australian Maritime Museum, remains on hardstand at Cruickshanks Corner near the Birkenhead Bridge, while its fate is still to be determined.[135]During his lifetime, Keith Le Leu also donated other maritime artefacts for public display around Port Adelaide. These include two large anchors that sit outside the Birkenhead Tavern and another outside Le Fevre High School. The museum and these anchors form nodes along the Port Adelaide Anchor Trail, which was created in 2020.
Australian Museum of Childhood
[edit]The Australian Museum of Childhood displays a collection of toys that were manufactured in Australia from the 1890s onwards.[136]The toys were collected by Alan Griffiths over a 30-year period.[137]
Transport and bridges
[edit]The firsttransport infrastructurein the suburb was the construction of a 1 mile (1.6 km) long road from the port to near the presentAlbertonHotel. The road was opened in October 1840.[21]The cost of this road, and thecausewayupon which it ran proved so large that Governor Gawler allowed the constructing company to charge atoll.Later investigations showed the company was making excessive profits and a compromise was reached where the colony leased the roadway. Ownership of the roadway was later moved to the government, in exchange for land atDry Creek.[138]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Diver_Derrik_and_Mary_McKillop_bridges_open_in_2010.jpg/250px-Diver_Derrik_and_Mary_McKillop_bridges_open_in_2010.jpg)
The river was first crossed with a wooden bridge in the 1850s. This was replaced with the ironJervois Bridgein 1878; It was named by SirWilliam Jervoisafter himself. Jervois Bridge was an opening bridge first operated by horse power, and later by mechanical means. It was replaced with a fixed bridge in the same position in 1969, when there was no longer a need for small boats to pass.[38]Birkenhead Bridge,the firstbascule bridgein Australia, opened in 1940.[139]In 2004 Premier Mike Rann said the State government would build new rail and road bridges over the Port River at a cost of $178 million. On 3 April 2005 he announced that the 'opening and closing' bridges would be toll-free and would be opened twice a day to minimise disruptions to road traffic. It was opened for traffic on 3 August 2008. It is between Docks 1 and 2 at Port Adelaide and links with Francis Street to the east and Victoria Road to the west. A new railway through Port Adelaide was proposed in 2017, it started construction in June 2023 and is set to reopen in August 2024.
Tom 'Diver' Derrick Bridge,commonly referred to as the 'Diver' Derrick Bridge, is an opening, single-leaf bascule bridge over thePort River.[140]It was built at the same time as an adjacent rail crossing, theMary MacKillop Bridge.[141]
At the opening of both bridges Rann unveiled a plaque dedicated to Mary Mackillop blessed by Pope Benedict during his recent visit to Sydney.[142]
The Port Adelaide and Le Fevre Peninsula Ferry Co began operations in 1877,ferryingpassengers from the end of Commercial Road to the other side of the river. The ferry stopped operating in 1943, consequent to opening of the Birkenhead Bridge.[143]
In April 1856 arailline reached the port, crossing the almost empty plain from Adelaide.[144]By 1876 it was a thriving seaport and the principal artery from South Australia, to the rest of the country and to the World.[145]To service the numerous stores and warehouses, many railway lines were built around the wharf areas, along streets, and connecting with the main lines from Adelaide.[146]Ahorse tramline was constructed from Port Adelaide toAlbert Parkin 1879.[147]This line was built in1,600 mm(5 ft 3 in)broad gaugeto accommodatesteam locomotives.Some of the line was raised onembankmentsto avoid swampy ground and flooding.[148]The line used horse trams until 1914, whenconversion to electricoperation began. It reopened on 3 April 1917.[149]From 1917 until its closure in 1935, the Port Adelaide tram system was not connected to the rest of Adelaide's light rail network.[150]
Rail transport in the 21st century uses thePort Adelaide railway stationwhich has two elevated platforms located on aviaduct,built in 1919. Trains connect to Adelaide andOuter Harbor.The line was closed in November 2009 to enable upgrade work on the line, station and viaduct. The line and station re-opened in 2010.[151]Scheduled bus services directly connect Port Adelaide to much of metropolitan Adelaide.[152]The Labor State Government promised that theGlenelg tram linewould be extended downPort Roadas far as Port Adelaide by 2018.[52]However, during that year, the newly elected Liberal Party government scrapped the tram network expansion. In 2005 the road portion of thePort River Expresswaywas completed. It is a 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi)freeway-grade road, which links Port Adelaide and theLefevre Peninsulato the northern suburbs ofAdelaide,and major interstate routes viaSalisbury Highway.[153]
Famous Portonians
[edit]People who have lived around the Port Adelaide area include:
- Bryan Dawe
- John Hart
- Kancho Bill Fenton
- Mortimer Menpes
- John Menadue
- Bob Quinn
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Australian Bureau of Statistics(28 June 2022)."Port Adelaide (suburb and locality)".Australian Census 2021 QuickStats.Retrieved28 June2022.
- ^"Electoral district profiles – Port Adelaide (2018–2022 boundaries)".Electoral Commission SA.Retrieved17 July2019.
- ^"Profile of the electoral division of Hindmarsh (SA)".Australian Electoral Commission.Retrieved17 July2019.
- ^"Search result for" Port Adelaide (SUB) "(Record no SA0040448) with the following layers selected –" Suburbs and Localities "".Property Location Browser.Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 12 October 2016.Retrieved18 May2016.
- ^abc"The Port of Adelaide".The Advertiser.29 April 1911. p. 7.
- ^"Map(s) of Kaurna Country".Kaurna Warra Pintyanthi.The University of Adelaide.Retrieved23 November2020.
- ^Amery, Rob; Buckskin, Vincent (Jack) Kanya (March 2009)."Chapter 10. Pinning down Kaurna names: Linguistic issues arising in the development of the Kaurna Placenames Database"(PDF).In Hercus, Luise; Hodges, Flavia; Simpson, Jane (eds.).The Land is a Map: Placenames of Indigenous Origin in Australia.ANU Press. p. 206.ISBN978-1-921536-57-1.Another link to Ch. 10.
- ^Kaurna Place NamesState of South Australia, the Kaurna Tappa Iri Regional Agreement Steering Group and Kaurna Warra Pintyanthi. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^"Barker Inlet and Port River Estuary".Estuary Care Foundation.Retrieved23 November2020.
- ^Parsons (1986), p.18.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.8.
- ^Parsons (1986), p.32.
- ^abcParsons (1997), p.38.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.5
- ^Parsons (1986), p.20.
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.11,34.
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.11–13.
- ^abParsons (1986), p.39
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.14–16.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.10.
- ^abc"Opening of the new port".The Sydney Herald.7 November 1840. p. 3.
- ^"Personal".The Advertiser.26 October 1910. pp. 8–9.
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.19–20.
- ^"POLICE COURT.—PORT ADELAIDE".South Australian Register.Adelaide. 6 September 1851. p. 3.Retrieved23 March2014– via National Library of Australia.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.21.
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.22–23.
- ^Parsons (1986), p.33.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.9.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.36.
- ^Parsons (1997), p.37.
- ^abParsons (1997), pp.40–41
- ^Parsons (1997), p.39.
- ^South Australian Land Titles Office Register Book 21, Folio 361
- ^Parsons (1986), p.76.
- ^Parsons (1986), p.67.
- ^"Port Adelaide Institute | SA History Hub".sahistoryhub.history.sa.gov.au.Retrieved12 September2021.[permanent dead link]
- ^abReynolds (2002), p.17.
- ^abParson (1986), p.83.
- ^"No Title".Port Adelaide News.Vol. VI, no. 450. South Australia. 30 November 1883. p. 4.Retrieved12 September2021– via National Library of Australia.
- ^Pfeiffer, Christina (3 June 2007)."Take a walk on the Port side".The Age.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^Koivukangas, Olavi (1972).Scandinavian Immigration and Settlement in Australia Before World War II.Australia: The Australian National University. p. 170.
- ^"Port Adelaide Caledonian Society Inc. | Non-Profit Organization | Australia".ePage.at.Retrieved13 September2021.
- ^"PORT ADELAIDE".Evening Journal.Vol. XVI, no. 4864. South Australia. 26 December 1884. p. 3 (SECOND EDITION).Retrieved13 September2021– via National Library of Australia.
- ^abDepartment of Environment and Heritage."Port Adelaide State Heritage Area".Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 27 February 2010.Retrieved1 February2010.
- ^Historic berth.Portside Messenger,16 January 2008.
- ^Samuels (1987)
- ^"Port Adelaide redevelopment plans unveiled".Reed Business Information. 5 August 2002.Retrieved7 February2010.[permanent dead link]
- ^ABC News
- ^Fewster, Sean (16 September 2007)."Timeline of the development".The Advertiser.News Limited.Retrieved7 February2010.
- ^Hoyle, Rhiannon (29 September 2007)."New face of the Port".The Advertiser.News Limited.Retrieved7 February2010.
- ^Wheatley, Kim (8 September 2008)."Investors losing money as issues plague next stage".The Advertiser.News Limited.Retrieved7 February2010.
- ^abWheatley Kim; Lloyd Tim (23 October 2009)."Is it too late to save the Port?".The Advertiser.News Limited. Archived fromthe originalon 7 October 2011.Retrieved6 February2010.
- ^"Quest Hotel Construction Kicks Off in Port Adelaide".TheUrbanDeveloper.com.22 September 2015.Retrieved8 February2017.
- ^ab"Subscribe to The Advertiser".www.adelaidenow.com.au.Retrieved9 February2017.
- ^Tauriello, Giuseppe (9 September 2021)."Mapped: New Adelaide housing developments fast-tracked to meet soaring demand | Here are 30 of the biggest projects".The Advertiser.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Subscribe to The Advertiser".www.adelaidenow.com.au.Retrieved9 February2017.
- ^"Sweeping 6-level, $38m office block for Port Adelaide".Retrieved9 February2017.
- ^Tauriello, Giuseppe (8 September 2021)."Centuria acquires Port Adelaide offices for $63m".The Australian.Retrieved13 September2021.
- ^"Now Open: An Authentic Taqueria Moves into Port Adelaide".Broadsheet.Retrieved13 September2021.
- ^"Pirate Life eyes new brewing site at Port Adelaide".ABC News.13 February 2018.Retrieved16 February2018.
- ^"Port Canal's 45m Makeover Kicks Off".The Advertiser.13 June 2018.Retrieved4 October2018.
- ^Banksia Tree Cafe
- ^"Port Adelaide records first $1 million house sale - realestate.com.au".www.realestate.com.au.Retrieved13 September2021.
- ^"Dock One's First Resident Collects the Keys to Their New Home".Dock One.Retrieved11 September2020.
- ^readMay 18, Ashleigh Pisaniless than 2 min; Messenger, 2017-5:48PMPortside (18 May 2017)."$9.2m: What it costs to turn old school into soccer HQ".adelaidenow.Retrieved13 September2021.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^Thompson, Paula (20 May 2021)."Port Adelaide's Newmarket Hotel sells to interstate buyer for $4m".The Advertiser.
- ^"Home Plots and Houses".News (Adelaide).Vol. XII, no. 1, 795. South Australia. 17 April 1929. p. 10 (Home edition).Retrieved22 April2024– via National Library of Australia.
- ^"Architect Details: Christopher (Chris) Arthur".Architects of South Australia.University of South Australia.Retrieved27 July2020.
- ^"Port Adelaide Enfield Council Offices (Former Port Adelaide Town Hall)".SA Heritage Places Database Search.Retrieved29 July2020.
- ^abReynolds (2002), p.5.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.19.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.11.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.21.
- ^Reynolds (2002), pp. 9,41.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.29.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.35.
- ^"Port Heritage Pub Trail"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 11 March 2016.Retrieved19 October2015.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.43.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.13.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.25.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.15.
- ^Reynolds (2002), p.44.
- ^"Search result for" Port Adelaide River (STRM) "(Record no SA0040455) with the following layers being selected –" Suburbs and Localities "," Local Government Areas "and" Place names (gazetteer) "".Property Location Browser.Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 12 October 2016.Retrieved2 May2017.
- ^"Search result for" Port River (STRM) "(Record no SA0040456) with the following layers being selected –" Suburbs and Localities "," Local Government Areas "and" Place names (gazetteer) "".Property Location Browser.Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 12 October 2016.Retrieved2 May2017.
- ^"Port Adelaide River, Barker Inlet & West Lakes".iNaturalist.Retrieved15 December2020.
- ^"Introduced Species in the Port River & West Lakes".iNaturalist.Retrieved13 July2020.
- ^"Port Adelaide".Flinders Ports.Archived fromthe originalon 18 September 2021.Retrieved22 November2020.
- ^"Hart's Mill Playground".Play and Go.31 July 2014.Retrieved8 October2016.
- ^Pisani, Ashleigh (2 December 2016)."Hans Ehmann's plan to demolish Port Adelaide's Fishermen's Wharf Market for $200m development".The Advertiser.Retrieved13 October2017.
- ^Fisherman's Wharf Market
- ^"Final Day - Fisherman's Wharf Markets, Port Adelaide".YouTube.
- ^"100 YEARS OF PORT ADELAIDE WORKERS MEMORIAL 2021".Maritime Union of Australia.26 August 2020.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"May Day in the Port".South Australia's History Festival.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^Nunn, Louise (30 May 2014)."From Port Adelaide to global fame, then forgotten again".The Advertiser.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Margaret Preston | SA History Hub".sahistoryhub.history.sa.gov.au.Retrieved12 September2021.[permanent dead link]
- ^"Painting of Port Adelaide Sailing Club by John Giles".Google Arts & Culture.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^Jenkins, Susan (2009)."Captured on Canvas: John Giles' Port Adelaide 1930–1960"(PDF).Exhibition catalogue.Port Adelaide Branch of the National Trust of South Australia.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 3 December 2013.Retrieved21 June2013.
- ^"Jackalope".www.jackalope.com.au.Retrieved13 September2021.
- ^City of Port Adelaide Enfield."In the Port".Public Art Guide Book.p. 8.
- ^Malone, Gavin Damien Francis (2012)."Chapter 10: Kaurna Ancestor Being Tjilbruke: Commemorations"(PDF).Phases of Aboriginal Inclusion in the Public Space in Adelaide, South Australia, since Colonisation(PhD).Flinders University.p. 234.Retrieved17 November2020.
- ^"This weekend's Wonderwalls street art festival very nearly didn't happen".CityMag.27 March 2019.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Adelaide Festival Centre flourishing with events in Spring 2021 | News".AussieTheatre.com.25 August 2021.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Friday fun at St Jerome's Laneway Festival".The Advertiser.10 March 2018.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Waterside | Vitalstatistix".vitalstatistix.com.au.Retrieved8 February2017.
- ^"Barnesy honours Largs Hotel with a song".www.abc.net.au.5 September 2014.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"A Food and Wine Lover's Guide to Adelaide".Concrete Playground.14 May 2020.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Shop Pick: A Crate-Digger's Delight in Semaphore".Broadsheet.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^Wills, Daniel (16 September 2019)."Filming begins on Mortal Kombat movie adaptation in Port Adelaide".The Advertiser.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^ab"Filming Location Matching" Port Adelaide, South Australia, Australia "(Sorted by Popularity Ascending)".IMDb.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Filming Location Matching" Port Adelaide, South Australia, Australia "(Sorted by Popularity Ascending)".IMDb.Retrieved12 September2021.
- ^"Port to lobby for SANFL flags to count in revised AFL tally".26 June 2014.
- ^"BASEBALL".The Express and Telegraph.Vol. XXVI, no. 7, 584. South Australia. 21 March 1889. p. 4 (Second Edition.).Retrieved7 March2016– via National Library of Australia.
- ^Cherny, Daniel."Port to lobby for SANFL flags to count in revised AFL tally".The Sydney Morning Herald.Retrieved10 February2017.
- ^City of Port Adelaide Enfield > About CouncilRetrieved 28 June 2017.
- ^"Elected Member Contacts".Port Adelaide Enfield.17 January 2020.Retrieved14 July2021.
- ^"Notional two-party preferred results".ECSA. Archived fromthe originalon 4 April 2018.Retrieved4 April2018.
- ^Labor's factions negotiate deal to keep Mark Butler in parliament,ABC News,18 July 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^"Home page".Tauondi Aboriginal Community College.Retrieved14 July2021.
- ^Sampson and Offler (2003), p.2.
- ^Sampson and Offler (2003), pp.1–3.
- ^abSampson and Offler (2003), p.3.
- ^abSampson and Offler (2003), p.20.
- ^National Railway Museum > Train ridesArchived17 July 2012 at theWayback MachineAccessed 25 July 2012.
- ^Sampson and Offler (2003), p.14.
- ^Sampson and Offler (2003), p.19.
- ^Sampson and Offler (2003), pp.22–23.
- ^History Trust of South Australia."About Us".Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 11 September 2009.Retrieved1 February2010.
- ^Historic clipper ship theCity of Adelaidemoved for first time in 20 years ahead of trip to Port AdelaidePortside Messenger,6 September 2013. Accessed 10 September 2013.
- ^Historic clipper ship City of Adelaide should be prominently displayed at Port Adelaide to help tourismEditorial,The Advertiser.3 February 2014. Accessed 5 February 2014.
- ^City of Adelaide clipper finally finds safe harbourPortside Messenger.6 February 2014. Accessed 7 February 2014.
- ^Clipper ShipCity of AdelaideLimited > 1/4 Million DescendantsArchived21 February 2009 at theWayback MachineAccessed 31 July 2012.
- ^Clipper Ship 'City of Adelaide' Ltd. > 150th Birthday Community EventArchived8 May 2014 at theWayback MachineAccessed 13 May 2014.
- ^abSouth Australian Aviation Museum."Welcome to the South Australian Aviation Museum".Retrieved1 February2010.
- ^Walsh, Ashley (29 June 2008)."A state of flight".ABC Adelaide.Australian Broadcasting Corporation.Retrieved1 February2010.
- ^Westthorp, T.: Sorry Keith,Fearlessdream over,Portside Messenger,21 March 2007.
- ^Port Adelaide Visitor Information Centre."The Australian Museum of Childhood".City of Port Adelaide and Enfield. Archived fromthe originalon 13 October 2009.Retrieved1 February2010.
- ^The Collectors (23 December 2007)."Australian Museum of Childhood".Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
- ^Parsons (1997), pp.39–40.
- ^The Australian encyclopaedia.Vol. 2. Grolier Society of Australia. 1983. p. 85.
- ^"Stage 2 of the Port River Expressway".South Australian Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure. 25 June 2008. Archived fromthe originalon 21 December 2007.Retrieved25 May2008.
- ^Rodrigues, Sam (24 July 2008)."Port River Expressway's Diver Derrick Bridge ready to open".The Advertiser.News Ltd. Archived fromthe originalon 23 February 2012.Retrieved7 February2010.
- ^ABC News 1 August 2008
- ^Parson (1986), pp.82–83.
- ^Parsons (1986), p.65.
- ^Parson (1986), p.79.
- ^The Port Adelaide Railway SystemEardley, GiffordAustralian Railway Historical Society Bulletin,July 1970 pp 146–160
- ^The Critic (1909), p.9–11.
- ^Kingsborough (1965), p.17.
- ^State Transport Authority (1978)
- ^Steele C. (1981), p.36.
- ^Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure."Port Adelaide Viaduct Upgrade".Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 14 April 2010.Retrieved3 February2010.
- ^Bus Service information from theAdelaide MetroArchived4 January 2010 at theWayback Machinetimetables website
- ^Department for Transport Energy and Infrastructure (24 September 2008)."Port River Expressway (PRExy)".Government of South Australia. Archived fromthe originalon 17 April 2010.Retrieved7 February2010.
Bibliography
[edit]- Kingsborough, L.S. (1965).The horse tramways of Adelaide and its suburbs, 1875–1907.Adelaide: Libraries board of South Australia.
- Parsons, Ronald (1997).Port Misery and the new port.Lobethal, South Australia:Ronald Parsons.ISBN0-909418-53-5.
- Parsons, Ronald (1986).Southern passages; A maritime history of South Australia.Netley, South Australia:Wakefield Press.ISBN0-949268-66-6.
- Reynolds, Yvonne (2002).Pubs of Port Adelaide.Port Adelaide: Port Adelaide Historical Society Inc.ISBN0-9595577-3-3.
- Sampson Bob, Offler Ingrid (June 2003).Your guide to the National Railway Museum(5th ed.). Port Adelaide: National Railway Museum.
- Samuels, Brian (1987).The Port Adelaide Centre: past and present.Port Adelaide: Port Centre Project Office.ISBN0-7316-3009-2.
- State Transport Authority (1978).Transit in Adelaide: the story of the development of street public transportation in Adelaide from horse trams to the present bus and tram system.Adelaide: State Transport Authority.ISBN0-7243-5299-6.
- Steele, Christopher (1981).The burnside lines.Sydney: Australian Electric Traction Association.ISBN0-909459-08-8.
- The Critic (1909).The Tramways of Adelaide, past, present, and future: a complete illustrated and historical souvenir of the Adelaide tramways from the inception of the horse trams to the inauguration of the present magnificent electric trolley car system.Adelaide: The Critic.
Further reading
[edit]- Klaassen, Nic."Port Adelaide".Flinders Ranges Research.
- Thompson, M (1988).Rails Through Swamp and Sand – A History of the Port Adelaide Railway.Port Dock Station Railway Museum.ISBN0-9595073-6-1.
External links
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- South Australian Aviation Museum
- South Australian Maritime MuseumAccessed 30 March 2012.
- Port AdelaideArchived14 February 2010 at theWayback Machine– Flinders Ports.
- Port Adelaide Enfield Council
- Map of Port Adelaide 1839. Taken From "The District Of Adelaide, South Australia, As Divided Into Country Sections. From The Trigonometrical Surveys Of Colonel Light, Late Survr. Genl." Febry 18th, 1839.
- Map Of Port Adelaide, Section 2112 B. 25 November 1852.
- Review of Founding History