Puerto Bolívar
Puerto Bolívar | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Puerto Bolívar Location of Puerto Bolívar in Ecuador | |
| Coordinates:3°16′S79°59′W/ 3.267°S 79.983°W | |
| Country |  Ecuador |
| Province | El Oro |
| Canton | Machala |
| Founded | December 18, 1883 (as Puerto Bolívar)[1][2] |
| Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC-5(PET) |
| Website | https://www.puertobolivar.gob.ec/ |
Puerto Bolívaris anurban parishand port city, part of the municipality ofMachala,El Oro Province,Ecuador.Puerto Bolívar is one of the world's largest shipment points for bananas, most of them destined for Europe; about 80% of Ecuador'sbananaproduction is shipped through these port facilities.[3]
History
[edit]
A port established underSpanish ruleunder the namePuerto Pilo(later changing its name in 1783 toPuerto Machala) served as the precursor to Puerto Bolívar.[1][2]Initially aberth,it later established itself as a point of commerce betweenMachalaandGuayaquil.[2]
After the cacao boom in Ecuador and thesedimentationof Puerto Pilo, Ecuadorian authorities sought to develop the Machala area, finally deciding in 1869 to establish a new port near Jambelí island calledPuerto Huaylá.[4]In 1879 a dock was built in the new port.[2]
On December 18, 1883, the port was officially inaugurated as Puerto Bolívar in honor of LibertadorSimón Bolívar,with new infrastructure, such as a railroad beginning to be built to connect the port to Machala on the same year. The port was elevated to aMajor Porton April 13, 1897, and a main dock was built in 1902, which, along with the railroad, formed the firstintermodal transportbetween El Oro andGuayas.[2]
Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
[edit]
After some skirmishes on early July 1941, awarbetween Ecuador andPerusaw a Peruvian offense being carried out on late July of the same year. The Peruvian army had established aparatrooper unitin 1939 and successfully used it toseize the porton July 27, marking the first time in the Americas thatairbornetroops were used in combat.[5][6][7]
After the war, the agricultural development of El Oro Province improved the local economy in the following years, and the port was further expanded for overseas exports from 1964 to 1968. Aport authoritywas established in 1970, which started operations the following year.[2]
Ecuador and Peru signed a peace agreement in 1998, with resulted in the increase of commercial trade between the two countries. The cargo in transit through the docks of the port increased, especially from the north of Peru, for the North American and European markets. The Binational Group for the Promotion of Private Investment (GBPIP) was formed to encourage the creation of a complementary binational port axis of the ports ofPaitain Peru and Puerto Bolívar in Ecuador to increase maritime and land trade between the two countries.
By 2008 the port was composed of three main docks, over 50,000 km2 of storage and around 53,000 km2 of parking, as well as a anti-narcotics building.[8]
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Puerto Bolívar, elevation 6 m (20 ft), (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.4 (84.9) |
30.3 (86.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.9 (84.0) |
27.8 (82.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.5 (74.3) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
23.3 (73.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 44.0 (1.73) |
39.0 (1.54) |
59.0 (2.32) |
30.0 (1.18) |
8.0 (0.31) |
3.0 (0.12) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
188 (7.4) |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 85 | 84 | 82 | 83 |
| Source: FAO[9] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ab"Puerto Bolívar celebra 136 años de fundación".Alcaldía de Machala.2019-12-20.
- ^abcdef"Reseña histórica".Autoridad Portuaria Puerto Bolívar.
- ^Municipality of Machala website.Archived2007-03-09 at theWayback Machine
- ^"The Cacao Boom in Ecuador".Soleq Travel Agency.
- ^"Campaña Militar del 41".Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército.
- ^Theotokis, Nikolaos (2020).Airborne Landing to Air Assault: A History of Military Parachuting.Pen and Sword Books.pp. 137–138.ISBN9781526747020.
- ^"Asalto aéreo a Puerto Bolívar".Caretas.No. 1375. 1995-08-01.
- ^"Principales puertos y compañías navieras del Ecuador".El Nuevo Empresario.2008-06-02. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-02-28.
- ^"CLIMWAT climatic database".Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations.Retrieved20 June2024.
External links
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