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Pyrzyce

Coordinates:53°8′N14°53′E/ 53.133°N 14.883°E/53.133; 14.883
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pyrzyce
Flag of Pyrzyce
Flag
Coat of arms of Pyrzyce
Coat of arms
Pyrzyce is located in Poland
Pyrzyce
Pyrzyce
Coordinates:53°8′N14°53′E/ 53.133°N 14.883°E/53.133; 14.883
CountryPoland
VoivodeshipWest Pomeranian Voivodeship
CountyPyrzyce
GminaPyrzyce
Government
• MayorMarzena Podzińska
Area
• Total39 km2(15 sq mi)
Population
(2007)
• Total13,331
• Density340/km2(890/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1(CET)
• Summer (DST)UTC+2(CEST)
Postal code
74-200
Car platesZPY
Websitehttp://www.pyrzyce.um.gov.pl

Pyrzyce[pɨˈʐɨt͡sɛ](Kashubian:Përzëca;German:Pyritz) is a town inPomerania,north-westernPoland.As of 2007, it had 13,331 inhabitants. It is the capital of thePyrzyce CountyinWest Pomeranian Voivodeship.

History

[edit]
Medieval town walls

An anonymous medieval document of about 850, calledBavarian Geographer,mentions the tribe ofPrissanihaving 70 strongholds (Prissani civitates LXX). The territory became part of the emerging Polish state underMieszko Iaround 967.[1]

The settlement was first mentioned in 1124 by bishopOtto von Bamberg,whobaptized the first Pomeranians here,[2]a task entrusted to him by Polish monarchBolesław III Wrymouth.[3]It was one of the first towns of Western Pomerania to convert to Christianity.[4]In 1140, a church was founded,[5]and a castle was first mentioned.[6]Later on, as a result of the fragmentation of Poland, it was part of theDuchy of Pomerania.In 1248, a ducal mint ofBarnim Iwas mentioned for the first time.[6]A new church was built in 1250, anAugustiniancloister in 1256 and a monastery of theFranciscan orderin 1281.

In 1263 the town receivedMagdeburgtown rights from Duke Barnim I. In 1320 DukesOtto IandBarnim IIIexempted the burghers from customs duties throughout their duchy, in 1322 they granted the town the village ofCzarnowo,and in 1326 they confirmed the old right to mint coins.[7]By theContract of Pyritzof March 26, 1493 theDukes of Pomeraniarecognized the right of succession of theHouse of Brandenburg.A large fire destroyed almost the whole town in 1496. Pyritz was the first town in Pomerania to implement theLutheranReformationin 1524.[8]

During theThirty Years' War,the town was occupied by theHoly Roman Empiresince 1628, then bySwedenfrom 1630, by the Holy Roman Empire again in 1635, and by Sweden again in 1636.[9]It was plundered repeatedly both by Imperial and Swedish troops, and in 1634, it was largely destroyed by a conflagration.[9]After the death ofthe last Pomeranian Dukein 1637, the Swedes took over the town. In 1653 the town became part of theBrandenburg-Prussianprovince of Pomeraniafollowing thePeace of Westphalia(1648) and theTreaty of Stettin (1653),along within the rest ofFarther Pomerania.

In 1818, the town became the seat of the district administration (Kreis Pyritz) and was connected to the railway system in 1882. As part ofPrussiathe town was located in unifiedGermanyof 1871.

At the end ofWorld War IIthe SovietRed Armyconquered the town during thePomeranian Offensive.Bombardment of Pyritz by Soviet artillery began on February 1, 1945, and achieved maximum intensity on February 27, when attacks by heavy artillery destroyed the old town.[10]Following thepost-war boundary changes,Pyrzyce became again part of Poland; the local population was expelled[citation needed]in accordance with thePotsdam Agreementand replaced byPoles,including those displaced fromformer eastern Poland annexed by the Soviet Union.

From 1975 to 1998 Pyrzyce was administratively located in theSzczecin Voivodeship.

Since 1994 the town of Pyrzyce is home for the second oldest Geothermal Plant in Poland. The power plant is generating cleangeothermal energythanks to use of Lower Jurassic reservoirs of thermal waters (61 degree Celsius) at approx. 1600 m b.s.l.

Number of inhabitants by year

[edit]
Saint Maurice and the Assumption of Mary church
Town walls with the Szczecin Gate
Our Lady of Sorrows church
Post office
Historical population
YearPop.±%
17402,095—
17822,122+1.3%
17912,323+9.5%
17942,325+0.1%
18122,855+22.8%
18163,126+9.5%
18314,151+32.8%
18434,704+13.3%
18525,795+23.2%
18616,501+12.2%
18757,442+14.5%
18808,123+9.2%
18908,247+1.5%
19058,600+4.3%
19259,085+5.6%
193310,084+11.0%
193911,287+11.9%
19605,515−51.1%
19708,800+59.6%
198011,600+31.8%
200013,200+13.8%
200713,331+1.0%
Source:[11][8][12][13][14][15]

Famous people

[edit]
  • SirTrevor Corry(1724–1780), British diplomat, died in Pyritz
  • Karl Gützlaff(1803–1851), a German Lutheran missionary to the Far East
  • Salomon Neumann (1819–1908), surgeon and founder of "Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums" (Berlin)
  • Gustav Jacobsthal (1845–1912), composer and full-time professor of historical musicology
  • Gustav Hirschfeld(1847–1895), a German classical archaeologist
  • Otto Gerstenberg(1848-1935), a German businessman, mathematician and art collector
  • Otto Hintze(1861–1940), a German historian of public administration
  • Margarete Neumann(1917–2002), a German writer and lyrical poet
  • Danuta Bartoszek(born 1961), a former long-distance runner; competed for Canada at the1996 Summer Olympics
  • Stanisław Kulik (1959-2022), a Polish businessman, one of the founding fathers and a Managing Director of Geotermia Pyrzyce, second oldest Geothermal Plant in Poland;
  • Paweł Januszewski(born 1972), a retired hurdler, represented Poland in the1996and2000 Summer Olympics
  • Magda Toeters(born 1986), a Dutch swimmer, won silver at the2012 Summer Paralympics
Town Hall

Twin towns

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[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Labuda, Gerard (1993). "Chrystianizacja Pomorza (X–XIII stulecie)".Studia Gdańskie(in Polish). Vol. IX. Gdańsk-Oliwa. p. 47.
  2. ^Jan M. Piskorski,Pommern im Wandel der Zeiten,1999, pp. 36 ff.,ISBN83-906184-8-6OCLC43087092
  3. ^Medley, D. J. (2004).The church and the empire.Kessinger Publishing. p. 152.
  4. ^Srokowski, Stanisław(1947).Pomorze Zachodnie. Studium geograficzne, gospodarcze i społeczne(in Polish). Instytut Bałtycki. p. 83.
  5. ^Labuda, p. 52–53
  6. ^abKratz, Gustav (1865).Die Städte der Provinz Pommern. Abriss ihrer Geschichte, zumeist nach Urkunden(in German). Berlin. p. 311.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  7. ^Kratz, p. 314
  8. ^abMichael Rademacher:Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Pommern, Kreis Pyritz(2006).
  9. ^abKratz, pp. 316–317
  10. ^Helge Bei der WiedenandRoderich Schmidt,Handbuch der historischen Stätten Deutschlands,Vol. 12:Mecklenburg/Pommern(= Kröners Taschenausgabe, Vol. 315), Kröner, Stuttgart 1996,ISBN3-520-31501-7,pp. 254–256
  11. ^Dokumentacja Geograficzna(in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut GeografiiPolskiej Akademii Nauk.1967. p. 41.
  12. ^Gustav Kratz:Die Städte der Provinz Pommern - Abriß ihrer Geschichte, zumeist nach Urkunden.Berlin 1865,p. 317.
  13. ^Gunthard Stübs und Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft:Die Stadt Pyritz im ehemaligen Kreis Pyritz in Pommern(2011).
  14. ^Meyers Konversations-Lexikon.6th edition, Vol. 16, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 481
  15. ^Christian Friedrich Wutstrack:Kurze historisch-geographisch-statistische Beschreibung des königlich-preußischen Herzogtums Vor- und Hinterpommern.Stettin 1793, see table on p. 736.
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