Quinapril
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Accupril, others |
| Other names | Quinapril hydrochloride (USANUS) |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a692026 |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| ATC code | |
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| Pharmacokineticdata | |
| Protein binding | 97% |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 2 hours |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C25H30N2O5 |
| Molar mass | 438.524g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 120 to 130 °C (248 to 266 °F) |
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Quinapril,sold under the brand nameAccupril[2]by thePfizercorporation. It amedicationused to treathigh blood pressure(hypertension),heart failure,anddiabetic kidney disease.[1][3]It is a first line treatment for high blood pressure.[3]It is takenby mouth.[1][3]
Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, feeling tired, and cough.[3]Serious side effects may include liver problems,low blood pressure,angioedema,kidney problems,andhigh blood potassium.[3]Use inpregnancyandbreastfeedingis not recommended.[4]It is among a class of drugs calledACE inhibitorsand works by decreasingrenin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemactivity.[3]
Quinapril was patented in 1980 and came into medical use in 1989.[5]It is available as ageneric medication.[6]In 2020, it was the 253rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.[7][8]
Medical uses
[edit]Quinapril isindicatedfor the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) and as adjunctive therapy in the management ofheart failure.[1]It may be used for the treatment of hypertension by itself or in combination withthiazide diuretics,and with diuretics anddigoxinfor heart failure.[1]
Contraindications
[edit]Contraindications include:[9]
- Pregnancy
- Impaired renal and liver function
- Patients with a history of angioedema related to previous treatment with an ACE inhibitor
- Hypersensitivity to Quinapril
Side effects
[edit]Side effectsof Quinapril[9]include dizziness, cough, vomiting, upset stomach,angioedema,andfatigue.
Mechanism of action
[edit]Quinapril inhibitsangiotensin converting enzyme,an enzyme whichcatalysesthe formation ofangiotensinIIfrom its precursor,angiotensin I.Angiotensin IIis a powerfulvasoconstrictorand increases blood pressure through a variety of mechanisms. Due to reduced angiotensin production, plasma concentrations ofaldosteroneare also reduced, resulting in increased excretion ofsodiumin the urine and increased concentrations ofpotassiumin the blood.
Partial Recall
[edit]In April of 2022,Pfizervoluntarily recalled five batches of the drug because of the presence of anitrosamine,NNitroso-quinapril. Testing found that the amount of nitrosamines was above the acceptable daily intake level (all humans are exposed to nitrosamines up to a certain daily level by cured and grilled meats, water, dairy products, and vegetables) set by the U.S.'sFood and Drug Administration(FDA). Though long-term ingestion of NNitroso-quinapril potentially might cause cancer in some individuals, there is not believed to be an imminent risk of harm.[10][11]
References
[edit]- ^abcde"Accupril- quinapril hydrochloride tablet, film coated Accupril- quinapril tablet, film coated".DailyMed.26 August 2021.Retrieved25 March2022.
- ^"ACCUPRIL® Indications and Usage (quinapril HCl) | Pfizer Medical Information - US".www.pfizermedicalinformation.com.Retrieved25 October2023.
- ^abcdef"Quinapril Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals".Drugs.com.American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.Retrieved3 March2019.
- ^"Quinapril Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings".Drugs.com.Retrieved3 March2019.
- ^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006).Analogue-based Drug Discovery.John Wiley & Sons. p. 468.ISBN9783527607495.
- ^British national formulary: BNF 76(76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 172.ISBN9780857113382.
- ^"The Top 300 of 2020".ClinCalc.Retrieved7 October2022.
- ^"Quinapril - Drug Usage Statistics".ClinCalc.Retrieved7 October2022.
- ^ab"Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors".Cleveland Clinic.Retrieved25 October2023.
- ^"Pfizer recalls blood pressure tablets due to increased cancer risk".MSN.
- ^"Pfizer Voluntary Nationwide Recall of Lots of ACCUPRIL® (Quinapril HCL) Due to N-Nitroso-Quinapril Content".Food and Drug Administration.22 April 2022.
External links
[edit]- "Quinapril hydrochloride".Drug Information Portal.U.S. National Library of Medicine.
