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Raggare

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Two stereotypical raggare at the Power Big Meet 2005
When no Americantailfinsare available, raggare are sometimes forced to improvise, like using a Mercedes.
A lot of raggare on the roof of a 1960s car during Power Big Meet in 2005

Raggareis asubculturefound mostly inSwedenand parts ofNorway[1][2]andFinland,[3]and to a lesser extent inDenmark,Germany,andAustria.[citation needed]Raggare are related to the Americangreaserandrockabillysubcultures and are known for their love ofhot rodcars and 1950s American pop culture. Loosely translated into English, the term is roughly equivalent to the American "greaser", English "rocker", and Australian "Bodgie"and" Widgie "culture; all share a common passion formid-20th-century American cars,rockabilly-based music and related fashion (blue-collar in origin, consisting of the likes of white T-shirts, loose fitting denim trousers with rolled cuffs, and canvas top sneakers such as Keds or Converse Chucks, or low-topped boots of an industrial nature).[original research?]

While the raggare movement has its roots in late 1950s youth counterculture, today it is associated mainly with middle-aged men who enjoy meeting and showing off their retro American cars. However, the subculture retains its rural and small-town roots as well as its blue collar and low brow feel. The original phenomenon unleashed moral panic but the contemporary raggare subculture tends to be met with amusement or mild disapproval by mainstream society.

Description

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Influences

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The Raggare subculture's influences are American popular culture of the 1950s, such as the moviesRebel Without a CausewithJames Dean,andAmerican Graffiti.[2]

Cars

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Cars are an important part of the subculture, especiallyV8-powered cars and other large cars from the United States.[4]Statistically, the most common raggare car (Swedish:raggarbil) is the 1960sPontiac Bonneville.[citation needed]They are plentiful, classic, relatively cheap, and have a huge backseat so the Raggare can pile in all of their friends. Raggare have been described as closely related to thehot rodculture, but while hotrodders in the US have to do extensive modifications to their cars to stand out, raggare can use stock US cars and still stand out compared to the more sober Swedish cars.[4]Some raggare also drive European cars from the 1950s, 1960s and the 1970s.

According to an estimate by one Swedish car restorer, there are more restored 1950s American cars in Sweden than in the entire United States[5]and although only two 1958 Cadillac convertibles were sold in Sweden there are now 200 of them in Sweden.[5]Between 4000 and 5000 classic US cars were at one point imported to Sweden each year.[5]

The latest generation of raggare, the so-called pilsnerraggare such as the club Mattsvart who was the subject of the 2019 documentary "Raggarjävlar" ( "Greaser scum" )[6]do not show much interest in restoring vintage cars, instead opting for driving around in trashed old US cars, drinking alcohol and playing loud music, not necessarily the rockabilly and classic rock traditionally preferred by raggare. [7]

Fashion

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The clothes and hairstyle are that of 1950s rockabilly. Blue jeans, cowboy boots, white T-shirts, sometimes with print (also used to store a pack of cigarettes by folding the sleeve), leather[8]or denim jacket. The hair is styled usingBrylcreemor some otherpomade.

Symbols

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The display of thebattle flag of the Confederate Statesis popular in the subculture, as followers view it as a symbol of rebellion and American culture. They do not view it as a symbol of slavery or racism.[9]

History

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Formation of the raggare culture was aided by Sweden staying neutral duringWorld War IIand untouched by the war. As a result, Sweden's infrastructure remained intact and export economy boomed, which made it possible for the working-class Swedish youth to buy cars, in contrast to most of Europe, which needed to be rebuilt.[10]

When raggare first appeared in the 1950s, they caused amoral panicwith concerns about the use of alcohol, violence, high-speed driving, and having sex in the back seat. Raggare gangs were seen as a serious problem.[11]The filmRaggare!covered the issue in 1959.

One especially infamous raggare gang wasStockholm-based "Road Devils", formed in the late 1950s by Bosse "Gamen" Sandberg (1939-1994), which was very heavily publicized in the press. The name of the gang originated from a 1957 movieHot Rod Rumble,which featured a gang by the same name.[12][13]

Later, raggare often got into fights withhippiesand punks,[14][15][16][17][18]something described in the punk rock song "Raggare Is a Bunch of Motherfuckers" byRude Kids[19](and later re-recorded byTurbonegro). When TheSex Pistolsplayed in Sweden on 28 July 1977, a group of raggare waited outside and cornered some young girls who came out from the show. The girls hadsafety pinsthrough their cheeks, and the raggare ripped them out of their faces. The band was upstairs drinking beer when they heard about it.Sid Viciouswanted to go down and fight, and someone else suggested they should get the limousine and run them over. In the end, the gig promoter called the police. TheHjobandReklamationwas forced to cancel a gig after threats from raggare.[20]Also, Rude Kids was forced to cancel a sold-out gig as the police didn't have the manpower to offer protection against raggare. When Rude Kids played in Stockholm the police had to bring in seven police cars to stop the raggare.[21]WhenThe Stranglersplayed in Sweden, their followers were caught makingMolotov cocktails,and the police intervened after a fight broke out.[22]

In 1996, the Swedish post office issued a stamp featuring raggare.[23]

Public image

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Raggare with customisedOpel Rekord P2,a popular choice due to its resemblance to theCadillacsof the late 50s

Because of their mostly rural roots, retro-aesthetics and attitude towards sex, raggare are often depicted as poorly educated and financially unsuccessful. A famous example is the 1990s TV series, "Ronny and Ragge",a pair of stereotypical raggare who cruise around in a beat-upFord Taunus.There are several periodic gatherings for raggare around Sweden. ThePower Big Meetis the most famous, and is also one of the biggest American car meets in the world.

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  • In 1975, thenglam rockerMagnus Ugglamade the song "Raggarna", which was a tribute to the culture. When performing live in late 1970s and early 1980s, raggare threw rocks and tried to thrash the arenas in which Uggla performed, accusing him of being a punk rocker due to his success with the more punk-oriented albums he released in the late 1970s.
  • Eddie Meduzahave performed songs like "Punkjävlar" ( "Punk Bastards" ), or "Ragga runt," a tribute to the Raggare subculture.
  • Rude Kidsmade a song about raggare (later re-recorded byTurbonegro) called "Raggare Is a Bunch of Motherfuckers", as an answer to "punkjävlar" by Eddie Meduza. The large number of punk songs about raggare shows the conflict between the two subcultures.
  • The 1959 filmRaggare!was about raggare and the moral panic of the time.
  • The TV seriesRonny and Raggeis about two raggare who cruise around in a beat-up 1976 - 1994Ford Taunus.
  • Onkel Kånkelmade a song about raggare behaviour during cruising called "Åka femtitalsbil" (later covered byCharta 77).
  • The early SwedishpunkbandP.F. Commandohas issued a song called "Raggare" on their 1978Svenne Pop7-inch EP[24]
  • Raggargänget(1962) withErnst-Hugo JäregårdandSigge Fürst
  • Massproduktionpublished a compilation album titledVägra Raggarna Bensin – Punk Från Provinserna.
  • On 1 May 1979 about 100 punks formed their own parade down Kungsgatan under the slogan "Vägra raggarna bensin"( "Refuse the raggare gasoline" ).[25]
  • Nadja's brothers "Roffe", "Ragge" and Reinhold,Bert
  • Tjenare Kungen(2005)
  • InWelcome to Sweden,Bengt is a raggare, and delighted to meet his niece's American boyfriend because of it.
  • Raggarjävlar(2019) is a documentary about the new generation of raggare in the club Mattsvart from Köping[26]

See also

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References

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  1. ^The Police Journal,v. 38 1965, page 58
  2. ^abOA: Råning og ragging på utstilling
  3. ^"Historiaa".Stadin Raggarit(in Finnish).Retrieved20 March2022.
  4. ^abAutomobilitiesby Mike Featherstone, Nigel. Thrift, John Urry. p. 189
  5. ^abcSweden's car kings: 'greasers' cruising in vintage US wheels
  6. ^""Raggarjävlar" inviger dokumentärfilmfestival ".
  7. ^""Vi gör det vi älskar men det sticker i folks ögon"".6 September 2019.
  8. ^Crime and Its Correction: An International Survey of Attitudes and Practicesby John Phillips Conrad, p. 126
  9. ^Jalopnik: Your Guide To Europe's Weirdest Car Culture: Raggare
  10. ^"Raggare Love Hot Rods and Rock 'n' Roll".
  11. ^Statistics on Delinquents and Delinquencyby Walter Albin Lunden, p. 134
  12. ^"Raggare Love Hot Rods and Rock 'n' Roll".www.vice.com.Retrieved12 February2022.
  13. ^Berglind, Sten (2005).Raggare: rebellerna som skakade Sverige(in Swedish). Bokförlaget Max Ström.ISBN9171260080.
  14. ^Arbetaren: Raggaren lever än
  15. ^England's dreaming: les Sex Pistols et le punkbyJon Savage,Denys Ridrimont,p. 435
  16. ^Aftonbladet:Raggare rövade bort punkare[1]
  17. ^Dala Demokraten:Förföljelserna mot oss hårdnar[2]
  18. ^Vermlands Folkblad:Vi törs inte gå ut på kvällarna[3]
  19. ^The Guardian: Raggare: the Swedish rock'n'roll cult comes of age
  20. ^SLA: Unga musiker i Hjo hotade med stryk, 3 mars 1979
  21. ^Aftonbladet:Raggare stoppar punkband[4]
  22. ^"GT: Tvingades fly från raggarna".Archived fromthe originalon 23 July 2011.Retrieved13 October2010.
  23. ^Consumption: Critical Concepts in the Social SciencesbyDaniel Miller,p. 155
  24. ^"P.F. Commando – Svenne Pop E.P. 7″".Killed by Death Records.
  25. ^Vecko Revyn, Nr 30, 25 July 1979
  26. ^https://tempofestival.se/program/raggarjavlar/[dead link]
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