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Ray-Ban

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Ray-Ban
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryEyewear
Founded1936;88 years ago(1936)
inRochester,New York,
United States
Headquarters
Milan
,
Italy
Area served
Worldwide
Products
OwnerLuxottica Group
Websiteray-ban.com

Ray-Banis a brand of luxurysunglassesandeyeglassescreated in 1936 byBausch & Lomb.The brand is best known for itsWayfarerandAviatorlines of sunglasses. In 1999, Bausch & Lomb sold the brand to Italian eyewear conglomerateLuxottica Groupfor a reported $640 million.[1][2]

History

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In 1929,US Army Air CorpsColonelJohn A. Macreadyworked withBausch & Lomb,a Rochester, New York–based medical equipment manufacturer, to create aviation sunglasses that would reduce the distraction for pilots caused by the intense blue and white hues of the sky.[3][4][5]

Specifically, Macready was concerned that pilots' goggles would fog up, greatly reducing visibility at high altitude.[6]The prototype, created in 1936 and known as "Anti-Glare", had plastic frames and green lenses that could cut out the glare without obscuring vision. The name "Ray-Ban" was hence derived from the ability of these glasses to limit the ingress of eitherultra-violetor infra-red rays of light.[7]Impact-resistant lenses were added in 1938.[8]The sunglasses were redesigned with a metal frame the following year and patented as the Ray-Ban Aviator.[6]According to theBBC,the glasses used "Kalichrome lenses designed to sharpen details and minimise haze by filtering out blue light, making them ideal for misty conditions."[6]

Product lines

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Ray-Ban's most popular sunglasses are theWayfarer,Erika,andAviatormodels.[6][9][10]During the 1950s, Ray-Ban released the Echelon (Caravan), which had a squarer frame. In 1965, the Olympian I and II were introduced; they became popular whenPeter Fondawore them in the 1969 filmEasy Rider.[11]The company has also produced special edition lines, such as The General in 1987, bearing similarity to the original aviators worn byGeneral Douglas MacArthurduring theSecond World War.[8] In the 1980s the Ray-Ban Clubmaster was added to the model line.[12]The Clubmaster has abrowline frameand went on to become the third best selling sunglasses style of the 1980s, behind theWayfarerandAviator.[13]

In 2007, Luxottica Group launched Ray-Ban Youth, a collection of prescription eyewear aimed at children ages eight through twelve. Modeled after popular adult Ray-Bans styles, these hypoallergenic titanium frames featured both neutral and bold colorways as well as sturdy flex hinges.[14]

In 2009, Luxottica released the Ray-Ban Tech collection, which included the Carbon Fibre line. This line of sunglasses were factory stress-tested and designed to be durable and lightweight, and featured polarized lenses of polycarbonate or crystal.[15]

On the brand's website, Ray-Ban also offers the option to customize and purchase individual pairs of many of their popular styles, giving buyers express choice between frames, lenses, and engraving, among other options.[16]

In 2021, Ray-Ban commercialized a model ofsmart glassesthat they developed withFacebook Reality LabscalledRay-Ban Stories.[17][18]Building on recent trends of wearable technology, the glasses feature a built-in camera and Bluetooth earphones.[19]Like other wearable, camera-equipped tech, Ray-Ban Stories have come under scrutiny for their susceptibility to privacy issues and potential for misuse.[20]

Counterfeits

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Like other luxury brands, Ray-Ban has been a notable target for retail counterfeiters. The advertisement of Ray-Bans for unrealistically low prices has been consistently linked to fraudulent websites peddling counterfeit products. Studies have shown that one of every four ads for discounted luxury products on Facebook links users to such sites.[21]Ray-Bans are often involved in international seizures of counterfeit designer goods. For one example, in 2016, law enforcement in Thailand seized an alleged import of hundreds of thousands of counterfeit sunglasses including Ray-Bans and Oakleys (also owned by Luxottica Group). Counterfeiters were said to have applied tags and stickers to the fakes to deceive consumers about their authenticity.[22]

Luxottica has taken measures to thwart the trade of counterfeit products, such as converting the India Ray-Ban website from a reference site to functional e-commerce platform, and pursuing legal action against online retailers that market fake Ray-Ban products.[23]In 2016, Luxottica introduced a "Minimum Advertised Price (MAP)" policy for Ray-Ban in contracts with their wholesale customers. While the policy does not name a specific minimum price point, it forbids the advertisement of Ray-Ban products at extreme discounts, as well as any advertising that could otherwise devalue the products.[24]

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  • Ray-Ban 3025 Large Metal Aviator (polarized lenses)
    Ray-Ban 3025 Large Metal Aviator(polarized lenses)
  • Ray-Ban 3139 Shooter (G-15 lenses)
    Ray-Ban 3139 Shooter(G-15 lenses)
  • Ray-Ban W163 Outdoorsman (B-20 Chromax lenses)
    Ray-Ban W163 Outdoorsman(B-20 Chromax lenses)
  • Ray-Ban Leathers Outdoorsman II (G-15 lenses)
    Ray-Ban Leathers Outdoorsman II(G-15 lenses)
  • 1968 Ray-Ban Outdoorsman advertisement
    1968 Ray-Ban Outdoorsman advertisement
  • Ray-Ban 2132 901L Wayfarer
    Ray-Ban 2132 901L Wayfarer
  • Ray-Ban 3016 Clubmaster
    Ray-Ban 3016 Clubmaster
  • Ray-Ban 2447 Round Fleck Icons
    Ray-Ban 2447 Round Fleck Icons
  • Ray-Ban 5277 prescription eyeglasses frame
    Ray-Ban 5277 prescription eyeglasses frame
  • Ray-Ban 4246 Clubround sunglasses in colours of black and gold
    Ray-Ban 4246 Clubround sunglasses in colours of black and gold

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Company News: Bausch & Lomb Selling Sunglass Business to Luxottica".NY Times.April 29, 1999.RetrievedSeptember 5,2010.
  2. ^Johannes, Laura (April 29, 1999)."Bausch to Sell Sunglasses Business To Rival Luxottica for $640 Million".Wall Street Journal.RetrievedMarch 9,2023.
  3. ^Pagan Kennedy (August 3, 2012)."Who Made Those Aviator Sunglasses?".New York Times.Archived fromthe originalon August 21, 2012.RetrievedMay 1,2017.And so Macready began working with Bausch & Lomb to design goggles especially suited to protect against the dazzle in the stratosphere. "My dad gave Bausch & Lomb the original shape, tint and fit" of aviator lenses, Wallace said.
  4. ^"The best ever ray-bans".Archived fromthe originalon November 22, 2015.RetrievedJune 17,2013.
  5. ^"You can thank the US military for the world's most famous sunglasses".Business Insider.RetrievedMay 24,2017.
  6. ^abcdForeman, Katya."The enduring appeal of aviator sunglasses".
  7. ^"What is the name origin of the Ray-Ban brand?".High Names.March 22, 2013.RetrievedJuly 27,2021.
  8. ^ab"Fashion Notes".The Washington Post.May 24, 1987. Archived fromthe originalon October 18, 2016.
  9. ^Williamson, Charlote; Davis (September 1, 2007).101 Things to Buy Before You Die.New Holland Publishers.ISBN9781845378851– via Google Books.
  10. ^Shilling, Donovan A. (January 1, 2011).A Photographic History of Bausch + Lomb.Pancoast Publishing.ISBN9780983849605– via Google Books.
  11. ^"Mad Men Don Draper Meets Peter Fonda in Easy Rider (1969)".November 14, 2014.[permanent dead link]
  12. ^RAY-BAN: THE HISTORY OF THE TOP-SELLING EYEWEAR BRAND WORLDWIDE
  13. ^Fassel, Preston."Hindsight is 20/20: The Browline".The Optician's Handbook.RetrievedJune 10,2013.
  14. ^CMSBulkImportService."Luxottica: Ray-Ban Youth".www.2020mag.com.RetrievedFebruary 14,2023.
  15. ^Nicola, Gloria (September 2009)."Luxottica: Ray-Ban Tech Collection".20/20 Magazine.p. 104.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
  16. ^Carroll, Deirdre (June 16, 2014)."Making It One of a Kind".Vision Monday.pp. 10–11.RetrievedMarch 8,2023.
  17. ^"Ray-Ban and Facebook roll out smart sunglasses that can film everything you look at".September 9, 2021.
  18. ^"RAY-BAN STORIES".
  19. ^Lee, Adriana (September 10, 2021)."Facebook Reveals Smartglasses: Ray-Ban Stories".Women's Wear Daily.pp. 26–27.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
  20. ^"In Totally Shocking News, Facebook's Smart Glasses Are The Subject Of A Privacy Investigation".Gizmodo Australia.September 13, 2021.RetrievedMarch 9,2023.
  21. ^Bloomberg, Daniele Lepido (November 15, 2014)."Many web ads lead to firms selling fake designer goods".The Hamilton Spectator.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
  22. ^"Thai police seize almost 900,000 counterfeit sunglasses".The Canadian Press.March 3, 2016.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
  23. ^"Ray-Ban converts India website into ecommerce platform to curb fakes".FRPT Retail Industry Snapshot.May 17, 2016. pp. 8–9.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
  24. ^"New Efforts to Protect Ray-Ban, Include New Minimum Advertised Price Policy".Vision Monday.April 11, 2016. p. 16.RetrievedFebruary 20,2023.
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