Redenomination

Inmonetary economics,redenominationis the process of changing the face value ofbanknotesandcoinsincirculation.It may be done becauseinflationhas made thecurrencyunit so small that only largedenominationsof the currency are in circulation. In such cases the name of the currency may change or the original name may be used with a temporary qualifier such as "new". Redenomination may be done for other reasons such as changing over to a new currency such as theEuroor duringdecimalisation.

Redenomination itself is considered symbolic as it does not have any impact on a country'sexchange ratein relation to other currencies. It may, however, have a psychological impact on the population by suggesting that a period ofhyperinflationis over, and is not a reminder of how much inflation has impacted them. The reduction in the number of zeros also improves the image of the country abroad.

Inflation over time is the main cause for thepurchasing powerof the monetary unit decreasing; but there are a variety of political reasons for the government not reining in inflation or for not redenominating the currency when its value has depreciated significantly. There are some economic and social benefits of redenominating, including improved efficiency in processing routine transactions. Redenomination typically involves the substitution of new banknotes in place of the old ones, which usually cease beinglegal tenderafter the end of a short transition period.

Inflation

In general, redenomination is implemented in response tohyperinflation,which progressively increases the nominal prices of products and services, decreasing thereal valueof the monetary unit in the local market. Over time, prices become excessively large, which can impede routine transactions because of the risk and inconvenience of carrying stacks of bills, or the strain on systems, e.g. automatic teller machines (ATMs), or because humanpsychologydoes not handle large numbers well. Authorities may alleviate this problem by redenomination: introducing a new unit that replaces the old unit, with a fixed number of old units being converted to 1 new unit. If inflation is the reason for redenomination, this ratio is much larger than 1, usually a positive integralpowerof 10 like 100, 1000 or 1 million, and the procedure can be referred to as "cutting zeroes".Recent examples of redenominations include:

New unit	=	×	Old unit	Year
Argentine peso(ARP)	=	10 000	Argentine peso ley(ARY)	1983
Argentine austral(ARA)	=	1 000	Argentine peso(ARP)	1985
Argentine peso(ARS)	=	10 000	Argentine austral(ARA)	1992
New Polish złoty(PLN)	=	10 000	old Polish złoty (PLZ)	1995
NewMozambican metical(MZN)	=	1 000	old metical (MZM)	2006
Second Zimbabwean dollar (ZWN)	=	1 000	first dollar (ZWD)	2006
Third Zimbabwean dollar (ZWR)	=	10 000 000 000	second dollar (ZWN)	2008
FourthZimbabwean dollar(ZWL)	=	1 000 000 000 000	third dollar (ZWR)	2009
This table is not exhaustive.

Although the ratio is often a positive integral power of 10 (i.e., removing some zeros), sometimes it can bea×10ⁿwhereais a single-digit integer andnis a positive integer. Partial examples include:

New unit	=	×	Old unit	Year
German Rentenmark	=	1 000 billion	Papiermark	1923
Chinese gold yuan	=	3 million	old yuan	1948
Chinese "silver" yuan	=	500 million	Chinese gold yuan	1949
New Taiwan dollar	=	40 000	old dollar	1949
Azerbaijani new manat	=	5 000	old manat	2006
This table is not exhaustive.

Occasionally, the ratio is defined in a way such that the new unit is equal to ahard currency.As a result, the ratio may not be based on an integer. Examples include:

New unit	=	×	Old unit	=	Anchor currency	year
Brazilian real	=	2 750	cruzeiros reais	=	United States dollar	1 July 1994
Yugoslav novi dinar	=	10~13 million	1994 dinara	=	Deutsche Mark	24 January 1994
2nd Polish złoty	=	1.8 million	Polish marka	=	Swiss franc	1 April 1924
This table is not exhaustive.

In the case ofhyperinflation,the ratio can go as high as millions orbillions,to a point wherescientific notationis used for clarity orlong and short scalesare mentioned to disambiguate which kind of billion or trillion is meant.

In the case ofchronic inflationwhich is expected to continue, the authorities have a choice between a large redenomination ratio and a small redenomination ratio. If a small ratio is used, another redenomination may soon be required, which will entail costs in the financial, accounting, and computing industries. However a large ratio may result in inconveniently large or small prices at some point in the cycle.

After a redenomination, the new unit often has the same name as the old unit, with the addition of the wordnew.The wordnewmay or may not be dropped a few years after the change. Sometimes the new unit is a completely new name, or a "recycled" name from previous redenomination or from ancient times.

New unit	=	×	Old unit	year	Nature of the new unit
Turkish new lira	=	1 million	old lira	2005	"new" is an official designation and was dropped in 2009.
New Taiwan dollar	=	40 000	old dollars	1949	"new" is an official designation and is still used in official documents today.
Argentine austral	=	1 000	Peso argentino	1985	completely new name
Yugoslav 1993 dinar	=	1 million	1992 dinara	1993	no official designation
Brazilian real	=	2 750	cruzeiros reais	1994	recycled unit of Brazil before 1942
This table is not exhaustive.

Decimalisation

Main article:Decimalisation

All countries that previously had currencies based on pounds-shillings-pence (£sd) system (£1 = 20shillings= 240pence) have now adopted decimal currencies (currencies related bypowers of 10), with several changing the name of the main currency unit at the same time. As of 2020, only two currencies are non-decimal, being theMauritanian ouguiyaandMalagasy ariary,with one of each divided into five subdivisory units.

Currency union

Main article:Currency union

When countries form a currency union, redenomination may be required. The conversion ratio is often not a round number, and may be less than 1.

New unit	=	x	Old unit	year	Monetary union
Danish krone	=	0.5	Danish rigsdaler	1873	Scandinavian Monetary Union
Gulden österreichischer Währung	=	20/21	Gulden Conventions-Münze	1858	Wiener Münzvertragbetween the states of theGerman Customs Unionand theAustrian Empire
This table is not exhaustive.

List of Euro redenominations

The most notable currency union today is theEurozone.In 2002, euros in cash form were introduced.

Country	Old unit	Exchange rate (old units per €)	Year
Belgium	Belgian franc	40.3399	1999
Luxembourg	Luxembourgish franc	40.3399	1999
Germany	Deutsche Mark	1.95583	1999
Andorra, Spain	Spanish peseta	166.386	1999
Andorra, France, Monaco	French franc	6.55957	1999
Ireland	Irish pound	0.787564	1999
Italy, San Marino, Vatican City	Italian lira	1936.27	1999
Netherlands	Dutch guilder	2.20371	1999
Austria	Austrian schilling	13.7603	1999
Portugal	Portuguese escudo	200.482	1999
Finland	Finnish markka	5.94573	1999
Greece	Greek drachma	340.75	2001
Slovenia	Slovenian tolar	239.64	2007
Cyprus	Cypriot pound	0.585274	2008
Malta	Maltese lira	0.4293	2008
Slovakia	Slovak koruna	30.126	2009
Estonia	Estonian kroon	15.6466	2011
Latvia	Latvian lats	0.702804	2014
Lithuania	Lithuanian litas	3.4528	2015
Croatia	Croatian kuna	7.5345	2023

List of currency redenominations

This table lists various currency redenominations that have occurred, including currency renaming where the conversion rate is 1:1, but excluding decimalisation and joining the Eurozone, already listed on the table above.

New unit	Exchange rate (old:new)	Old unit	Year	Country	Reason	Note
Hungarian forint	4×1029∶1	Hungarian pengő	1946	Hungary	Hyperinflation	This is a theoretical conversion rate, using2×1021pengő = 1 adópengő. The total value of all circulating pengő notes was less than1⁄1000of a forint or1⁄10of a fillér.
Rentenmark	1×1012∶1	Papiermark	1923	Germany	Hyperinflation
Zimbabwean dollar(4th)	1×1012∶1	Zimbabwean dollar(3rd)	2009	Zimbabwe	Hyperinflation	Subsequently abandoned and replaced withZimbabwean bond notesand theZimdollarin February 2019 after a period of time in which numerous foreign currencies were used
Greek drachma(2nd)	50,000,000,000∶1	Greek drachma(1st)	1944	Greece	Hyperinflation
Zimbabwean dollar(3rd)	10,000,000,000∶1	Zimbabwean dollar(2nd)	2008	Zimbabwe	Hyperinflation
Yugoslav 1994 dinar	1,000,000,000∶1	1993 dinara	1994	Yugoslavia	Hyperinflation	Lasted for 23 days.
3rdKrajina dinar	1,000,000,000∶1	2ndKrajina dinar	1994	Republic of Serbian Krajina	Hyperinflation
Chinese "silver" yuan	500,000,000∶1	"gold" yuan	1949	China (Republic of China)	Hyperinflation
Hungarian forint	200,000,000∶1	Hungarian adópengő	1946	Hungary	Hyperinflation
Yugoslav novi dinar	13,000,000∶1	1994 dinara	1994	Yugoslavia	Hyperinflation	Anchor currency:Deutsche Mark
Nicaraguan córdoba(oro, 3rd)	5,000,000∶1	Nicaraguan córdoba(2nd)	1991	Nicaragua	Inflation
Chinese "gold" yuan	3,000,000∶1	(old) yuan	1948	China (Republic of China)	Inflation
Nouveau zaïre	3,000,000∶1	First Zaïre	1993	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Inflation
Polish złoty(2nd)	1,800,000∶1	Polish marka	1924	Poland	Hyperinflation	Anchor currencies:Swiss franc(equal in value, but not pegged) andUnited States dollar(pegged $1 = 5.18 zł) To limit production costs of coins, only banknotes were printed until November 1924. To further limit such costs, 500,000-mark and 10,000,000-mark notes were cut in two and overprinted1 GROSZand5 GROSZYin red.
Boliviano	1,000,000∶1	Peso boliviano	1985	Bolivia	Inflation
Peruvian nuevo sol	1,000,000∶1	Peruvian inti	1991	Peru	Hyperinflation	The "nuevo" designation lasted until 2015.
Yugoslav 1993 dinar	1,000,000∶1	1992 dinara	1993	Yugoslavia	Hyperinflation	no official designation
2ndKrajina dinar	1,000,000∶1	1stKrajina dinar	1993	Republic of Serbian Krajina	Hyperinflation
Georgian lari	1,000,000∶1	Georgian kuponi	1995	Georgia	Hyperinflation
SecondKwanza	1,000,000∶1	Kwanza reajustado	1999	Angola	Inflation
Transnistrian ruble(3rd)	1,000,000∶1	Transnistrian ruble(2nd)	2001	Transnistria	Hyperinflation
Turkish new lira	1,000,000∶1	Turkish lira	2005	Turkey	Inflation	The "new" designation lasted until 2009.
Venezuelan bolívar(4th)	1,000,000∶1	Venezuelan bolívar(3rd)	2021	Venezuela	Hyperinflation
Hryvnia	100,000∶1	3rdUkrainian karbovanets	1996	Ukraine	Inflation
SecondCongolese franc	100,000∶1	Nouveau zaïre	1998	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Inflation
Bolívar Soberano	100,000∶1	Bolivar Fuerte	2018	Venezuela	Hyperinflation
4th Soviet ruble	50,000∶1	3rd Soviet ruble	1924	Soviet Union	Hyperinflation	To stop hyperinflation, the new currency wasbacked by gold.
New Taiwan dollar	40,000∶1	Taiwan dollars	1949	Taiwan (Republic of China)	Inflation	"new" is an official designation and is still used in official documents
United States dollar	25,000∶1	Sucre	2000	Ecuador	Inflation	Fulldollarizationfor banknotes. Ecuador also issuescentavo coins.
Hungarian pengő	12,500∶1	Hungarian korona	1927	Hungary	Inflation
2nd Soviet ruble	10,000∶1	1st Soviet ruble	1922	Soviet Union	Hyperinflation	A superunit, called achervonets(червонец) was also introduced that year. It was worth 10 rubles.
Austrian schilling	10,000∶1	Austrian krone	1925	Austria	Inflation
Second Renminbi yuan	10,000∶1	First Renminbi yuan	1955	China (People's Republic of China)	Inflation
Peso argentino	10,000∶1	Peso ley	1983	Argentina	Inflation
Yugoslav 1990 dinar	10,000∶1	1966 dinara	1990	Yugoslavia	Inflation
Peso (convertible)	10,000∶1	Austral	1992	Argentina	Inflation
4thPolish złoty	10,000∶1	3rdPolish złoty	1995	Poland	Inflation	For 2 years after the redenomination, the old currency coexisted with the new one, so prices had to be denominated in both currencies.
Romanian leu(4th)	10,000∶1	Romanian leu(3rd)	2005	Romania	Inflation
NewGhanaian cedi	10,000∶1	Cedi	2007	Ghana	Inflation
ThirdBelarusian ruble	10,000∶1	SecondBelarusian ruble	2016	Belarus	Inflation
United States dollar	~6,900∶1	Indonesian rupiah	1999	United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor	Start of UN administration
Azerbaijani new manat	5,000∶1	Second Azerbaijani manat	2006	Azerbaijan	Inflation
Turkmenistani new manat	5,000∶1	(old) manat	2009	Turkmenistan	Inflation
Real	2,750∶1	Cruzeiro real	1994	Brazil	Inflation	Anchor currency:United States dollar
Cruzeiro (antigo)	1,000∶1	Real(old)	1942	Brazil	Inflation	The cruzeiro was an alternative name for one mil réis.
Greek drachma(3rd)	1,000∶1	Greek drachma(2nd)	1954	Greece	Inflation
Chilean escudo	1,000∶1	First Chilean peso	1960	Chile	Inflation
Peso boliviano	1,000∶1	Firstboliviano	1963	Bolivia	Inflation
Rupiah (new)	1,000∶1	First rupiah	1965	Indonesia	Monetary unification
Cruzeiro (novo)	1,000∶1	Cruzeiro (antigo)	1967	Brazil	Inflation
Firstzaïre	1,000∶1	First congolese franc	1967	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Inflation
Nuevo peso	1,000∶1	Peso moneda nacional	1973	Uruguay	Inflation
Chilean peso	1,000∶1	Chilean escudo	1975	Chile	Inflation
Argentine austral	1,000∶1	Argentine peso(1983)	1985	Argentina	Inflation
Peruvian inti	1,000∶1	Peruvian sol(1863)	1985	Peru	Inflation
Cruzado	1,000∶1	Cruzeiro (novo)	1986	Brazil	Inflation
New Shekel	1,000∶1	Shekel	1986	Israel	Inflation
Nicaraguan córdoba(2nd)	1,000∶1	Nicaraguan córdoba(1st)	1988	Nicaragua
Cruzado Novo	1,000∶1	Cruzado	1989	Brazil	Inflation
Cruzeiro real	1,000∶1	Cruzeiro (third)	1993	Brazil	Inflation
Nuevopeso mexicano	1,000∶1	Peso mexicano	1993	Mexico	Inflation	"nuevo" was a temporary designation dropped in 1996
Moldovan leu	1,000∶1	Moldovan cupon	1993	Moldova	Inflation
Peso uruguayo	1,000∶1	Nuevo peso	1993	Uruguay	Inflation
Croatian kuna	1,000∶1	Croatian dinar	1994	Croatia
2ndUzbekistani soum	1,000∶1	1stUzbekistani soum	1994	Uzbekistan	Inflation
Kwanza reajustado	1,000∶1	Novo kwanza	1995	Angola	Inflation
SecondRussian ruble	1,000∶1	FirstRussian ruble	1998	Russia	Inflation
Bulgarian new lev	1,000∶1	Bulgarian lev	1999	Bulgaria	Inflation	Anchor currency:German mark
Tajikistani somoni	1,000∶1	Tajikistani ruble	2000	Tajikistan	Inflation
Surinamese dollar	1,000∶1	Surinamese guilder	2004	Suriname	Inflation	Old coins denominated in cents were declared to be worth their face value in the new cents.
NewMozambican metical	1,000∶1	(old) meticais	2006	Mozambique	Inflation
Zimbabwean dollar(2nd)	1,000∶1	Zimbabwean dollar(1st)	2006	Zimbabwe	Inflation
SecondSudanese pound	1,000∶1	FirstSudanese pounds	2007	Sudan	Inflation	Currency unification (peace treaty)
Bolivar Fuerte	1,000∶1	(old) Bolivar	2008	Venezuela	Inflation
Zambian kwacha	1,000∶1	(old) Kwacha	2013	Zambia	Inflation
São Tomé and Príncipe dobra(2nd)	1,000∶1	São Tomé and Príncipe dobra(1st)	2018	São Tomé and Príncipe	Inflation
Sierra Leonean leone	1,000∶1	(old) Sierra Leonean leone	2021	Sierra Leone	Inflation
Liberation đồng	500∶1	Đồng	1975	South Vietnam	Fall of Saigon
Turkmenistani manat	500∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Turkmenistan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Kazakhstani tenge	500∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Kazakhstan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
3rdHaitian gourde	300∶1	2ndHaitian gourde	1872	Haiti
2ndLatvian lats	200∶1	2ndLatvian rouble	1993	Latvia	Recycling old currency
Kyrgyzstani som	200∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Kyrgyzstan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Armenian dram	200∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Armenia	Break-up of the Soviet Union
3rd Soviet ruble	100∶1	2nd Soviet ruble	1923	Soviet Union	Hyperinflation
3rdPolish złoty	100∶1	2ndPolish złoty	1949	Poland	Monetary reform	All bank assets were revalued at a ratio of 100∶3.
South Korean hwan	100∶1	firstSouth Korean won	1954	Republic of Korea	Inflation afterKorean War(1950–1953) and independence from Japan (1945)
NewFrench Franc	100∶1	French Franc	1960	France	Inflation	"New" was a temporary designation dropped in 1963
NewFinnish markka	100∶1	Finnish markka	1963	Finland	Inflation
Yugoslav 1966 dinar	100∶1	1944 dinara	1966	Yugoslavia	Inflation
Peso ley	100∶1	Peso moneda nacional	1970	Argentina	Inflation
Icelandic króna	100∶1	Icelandic króna	1981	Iceland	Hyperinflation
SecondUgandan shilling	100∶1	FirstUgandan shilling	1987	Uganda	Inflation
Lithuanian litas	100∶1	Talonas	1993	Lithuania	Inflation
SecondMacedonian denar	100∶1	FirstMacedonian denar	1993	North Macedonia
Tajikistani ruble	100∶1	FirstRussian ruble	1995	Tajikistan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
SecondSudanese pound	100∶1	Sudanese dinars	2007	Sudan	Inflation	Currency unification (peace treaty)
North Korean won(2nd)	100∶1	North Korean won(1st)	2009	North Korea	Inflation	Redenomination by state
CFA franc	65∶1	Guinea-Bissau peso	1997	Guinea-Bissau	monetary union	West African CFA franc
Guatemalan quetzal	60∶1	Guatemalan peso	1925	Guatemala
1stLatvian lats	50∶1	1stLatvian rouble	1922	Latvia	Approval of "Regulations on Money"
Yugoslav 1944 dinar	40∶1	Independent State of Croatia kuna	1944	Yugoslavia		Reconstituted Yugoslav Federation dinar replacing currency in use in its constituents
Peso moneda nacional	25∶1	Peso moneda corriente	1881	Argentina	Inflation
Yugoslav 1944 dinar	20∶1	Serbian 1941 dinar	1944	Yugoslavia		Reconstituted Yugoslav Federation dinar replacing currency in use in its constituents
Nicaraguan córdoba(1st)	12.5∶1	Nicaraguan peso	1912	Nicaragua
2ndHaitian gourde	10∶1	1stHaitian gourde	1870	Haiti
5th Soviet ruble	10∶1	4th Soviet ruble	1947	Soviet Union	Inflation
6th Soviet ruble	10∶1	5th Soviet ruble	1961	Soviet Union	Monetary reform
South Korean won(2nd)	10∶1	South Korean hwan	1963	Republic of Korea	Inflation
Guinean syli	10∶1	Guinean franc(1st)	1971	Guinea
Israeli shekel(1st)	10∶1	Israeli pound	1980	Israel	Inflation
Talonas	10∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1991	Lithuania	Independence (from the Soviet Union)	No coins denominated in talonas were issued.
Estonian kroon	10∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1992	Estonia	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Azerbaijani manat(2nd)	10∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1992	Azerbaijan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Sudanese dinar	10∶1	FirstSudanese pounds	1992	Sudan	Inflation	Applied only to North Sudan
Yugoslav 1992 dinar	10∶1	1990 dinara	1992	Yugoslavia	Inflation
FirstBelarusian ruble	10∶1	7th Soviet ruble	1994	Belarus	Break-up of the Soviet Union	When Soviet rubles were still in use in Belarus, Belarusian ruble denominations were implied to be ten times more than Soviet rubles.
SecondMauritanian ouguiya	10∶1	FirstMauritanian ouguiya	2018	Mauritania	Inflation	The redenomination was an opportunity for the central bank to introduce more secure polymer banknotes.
United States dollar	8.75∶1	Colón	2001	El Salvador	dollarization
1stHaitian gourde	8.25∶1	Haitian livre	1813	Haiti		8 livres and 5sous.1 sou was equal to1⁄20of a livre.
Peso moneda corriente	8∶1	Real	1826	Argentina
Ouguiya	5∶1	CFA franc	1973	Mauritania
Ariary	5∶1	Franc malgache	2005	Madagascar		From 1961, banknotes were issued denominated in both francs and ariary.
CFA franc	4∶1	Ekwele	1985	Equatorial Guinea	monetary union	Central African CFA franc
CFA franc	2∶1	Franc malien	1984	Mali	monetary union	West African CFA franc
Ghanaian cedi	1.2∶1	Old cedi	1967	Ghana	Decimalisation, change of government	This was an opportunity to removeKwame Nkrumahfrom every denomination.
Hungarian korona	At par	Austro-Hungarian krone	1919	Hungary	Break-up of Austria-Hungary
Austrian krone	At par	Austro-Hungarian krone	1920	Austria	Break-up of Austria-Hungary
Mongolian tögrög	At par	4th Soviet ruble	1925	Mongolia
First Guinean franc	At par	CFA franc	1959	Guinea	Independence
Franc malien	At par	CFA franc	1962	Mali	Independence
FirstUgandan shilling	At par	East African shilling	1966	Uganda	Independence
Peseta guineana	At par	Spanish peseta	1969	Equatorial Guinea	Independence
FirstKwanza	At par	SecondAngolan escudo	1975	Angola	Independence
Ekwele	At par	Peseta guineana	1975	Equatorial Guinea
Guinea-Bissau peso	At par	Portuguese Guinean escudo	1975	Guinea-Bissau	Independence
Franc guinéen	At par	Syli	1985	Guinea
Novo kwanza	At par	FirstKwanza	1990	Angola	seizure of money supply by government	Angolans could only exchange 5% of all old notes for new ones; they had to exchange the rest for government securities
Cruzeiro (third)	At par	Cruzado Novo	1990	Brazil	renaming
7th Soviet ruble	At par	6th Soviet ruble	1991	Soviet Union	Monetary reform,money seizure	50-ruble and 100-ruble notes were withdrawn from circulation.
Croatian dinar	At par	Yugoslav 1990 dinar	1991	Croatia	Break-up of Yugoslavia
Slovenian tolar	At par	Yugoslav 1990 dinar	1991	Slovenia	Break-up of Yugoslavia
2ndLatvian rouble	At par	7th Soviet rouble	1992	Latvia	Lack of money supply	While Soviet roubles were still used in Latvia, it had to introduce its own currency to make its monetary policy independent.
Moldovan cupon	At par	7th Soviet ruble	1992	Moldova	Break-up of the Soviet Union	The cupon was a temporary currency, no coins were issued.
1stKrajina dinar	At par	Yugoslav 1992 dinar	1992	Republic of Serbian Krajina	Break-up of Yugoslavia
1stRussian ruble	At par	7th Soviet ruble	1992	Russia	Break-up of the Soviet Union
FirstMacedonian denar	At par	Yugoslav 1990 dinar	1992	North Macedonia	Break-up of Yugoslavia	The first denar was a temporary currency, no coins were issued
3rdUkrainian karbovanets	At par	7th Soviet ruble	1992	Ukraine	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Georgian kuponi	At par	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Georgia	Break-up of the Soviet Union	Only banknotes were issued.
1stUzbekistani soum	At par	7th Soviet ruble	1993	Uzbekistan	Break-up of the Soviet Union
Đồng(unified)	0.8∶1	Liberation đồng	1978	South Vietnam	Unification
Austro-Hungarian krone	0.5∶1	Austro-Hungarian florin	1892	Austria-Hungary	monetary union	Moving from silver to gold standard
Iranian Toman	0.1∶1	Iranian Rial	1932	Iran	Monetary reform

Proposed

Indonesia

A long-running proposal to redenominate the rupiah has yet to receive formal legislative consideration. Since 2010, Bank Indonesia, as the monetary authority of Indonesia, In 2015, the government submitted a rupiah redenomination bill to the House of Representatives, but it has not yet been deliberated. In 2017,Bank Indonesia GovernorAgus Martowardojoreiterated the call, saying that if redenomination started immediately, the process could be complete by 2024 or 2025.

Iran

This proposal was approved by the Iranian parliament in May 2020. The changeover is likely to be phased over a period of up to two years.

Japan

Numerous proposals have been made since the 1990s to redenominate the yen by introducing a new unit or new yen, equal to 100 yen, and nearly worth one U.S. dollar. This has not happened to date, since the yen remains trusted globally despite its low unit value, and due to the huge costs of reissuing new currency and updating currency-reading hardware. The negative impact of postponing upgrades to various computer software until redenomination occurs, in particular, was also cited.

Lebanon

Due toLebanese liquidity crisis,the Lebanese Pound Has Collapsed to nearly 90.000 for one dollar,

Nigeria

Due to inflation Nigerian coins are all essentially worthless now, there are propositions to redenominate

South Korea

There have been recurring proposals in theSouth Korean National Assemblyto redenominate the won by introducing a new won or new unit, equal to 1,000 old won, and worth nearly oneU.S. dollar.While proponents cite a more valuable currency unit better projects the strength of the nation's economy, a majority remain opposed to the idea. Reasons cited are: economic harm if done immediately, no issues on public confidence in the won and its inflation rate, limited cost savings, and the presence of more urgent economic issues.

Vietnam

In response to increasing pressure on theVietnamese dongas a result of high inflation in the US Dollar, different proposals to redenominate

Alternatives

Japanese invasion moneysuffered from heavy inflation. At the end ofWorld War IIgovernments of liberated countries and territories opted to simply declare them worthless.

In 2016, theColombian pesowas rated at around 3,000 per U.S. dollar, with banknotes up to 50,000 pesos. Instead of redenominating the currency, a new banknote design was introduced, with the last three zeroes replaced by the word "mil" (thousand), making the values easier to read.

See also

• Decimalisation
• Denomination (currency)
• Devaluation
• Dollarization